[Orange Frye Xi] Suitable for southern soil and water. Come, pass "come". Clothing, habits. These two sentences mean that beautiful oranges are only suitable for growing on the land of Chu.
(ordered) by the fate of heaven and earth, that is, temperament and nature.
One ambition is singleness. One, single-minded. These two sentences mean that oranges take root in the south and are single-minded.
[Su Rong] White flowers.
Ceng Zhi is flourishing.
Sharp thorns.
〕 圥 (tuá n) 〕 Tong "Tuan", round.
[Article] Pattern color.
[Rot] Gorgeous and bright. [Fine skin tone] The skin tone is bright.
It's like holding a road. Class, like. Ren, hug.
[Disputes should be repaired] is flourishing and beautifully decorated.
[Love (ku ā)] Beautiful.
ののの Compliments.
Open-minded.
[Su Shi Independence] Be independent of the world and stay awake. Sue, awakening is awakening to troubled times.
Maintain good moral character.
Stand horizontally in the water without flowing horizontally. Don't go with the flow.
[Close your heart] Sit tight and be vigilant.
[Missing] is "wrong".
[May I thank you when I am old] and swear to live and die together. Years old, years old, thank you, die
Li Shu is beautiful, kind and self-controlled. Leave the seat and pass "Li".
Integrity.
Can be a teacher 】 【 can be a teacher by example.
For example. brief introduction
At the end of the Warring States Period, it was written by Qu Yuan, Chu State, and it is the eighth chapter of nine chapters according to Wang Yi's Songs of Chu.
Ode to an Orange is the first object-chanting poem written by China literati, and it is praised by Chenpi for its unyielding character. The author thinks that dried tangerine peel is the most beautiful tree between heaven and earth, because it is not only beautiful in appearance, white in color and poor in writing, but also has very precious connotations. For example, it is not transplanted by nature and only wants to grow in the south. This is a kind of single-minded loyalty, and it is also "ingrained and hard to move, without asking for anything" and "Soviet independence, horizontal but not flowing", which makes it firm itself. Finally, the author expressed his desire to learn from Chenpi and live and die with Chenpi, which is also the expression of the author's ambition. Appreciating the citrus in the south of China, Chu can be called the hometown of citrus. Han Shu called it "Jiangling Thousand Trees Orange", so it can be seen that Jiangling of Chu was famous for producing oranges as early as the Han Dynasty. However, citrus has a strange habit: only when it grows in the south can it produce sweet fruit, and if it moves to the north, it can only get bitter and astringent oranges. Yanzi Chunqiu records that "those born in Huainan are oranges, and those born in Huaibei are oranges", which is the case. Isn't this a great pity? However, in the view of Qu Yuan, who loves his homeland deeply, this nature of "being born in the south" can be linked with his unswerving patriotic feelings. Therefore, during his exile and idleness in Du Ying, he took oranges in the south as an example to fight for festivals and wrote this famous poem "Ode to Oranges" with deep affection.
Ode to Orange can be divided into two parts. The first section focuses on the elegance and touching external beauty of citrus. Three sentences, such as "Empress, beautiful trees and attractive oranges", are extraordinary: a firm green orange suddenly rises between the vast world, and it is deeply rooted in the "southern land", and no force can make it migrate. The indomitable spirit and the determination to "be ordered not to move" have aroused readers' infinite respect! Chenpi is respectable and handsome. The poet then described it with exquisite brushstrokes, sketching out its vibrant "green leaves" and smudging its snowflake-like "plain capacity". Although there are "thorns" between its branches and leaves, it is only to prevent foreign enemies from invading; What it contributes to the world is "pure color with white inside" and countless shining "round fruits"! Qu Yuan's "Nanju" is so "easy to repair" and so worthy of great responsibility! Although this passage focuses on description, between the lines, people can strongly feel the poet's pride and praise for the "fine tree" of the motherland.
The beauty of dried tangerine peel lies not only in the external form, but also in the internal spirit. The second paragraph of this poem is from the description of the external beauty of Chenpi to the enthusiasm for its internal spirit. In Li Sao, Qu Yuan once expressed his disdain for the generation of Lan and Jiao (referring to the courtiers in charge of state affairs) by forbearing but not being real (good appearance and poor internal quality). Citrus is not like this. Although young, he has made a firm ambition of "independence and immobility"; When I grow up, I am even more "horizontal but not flowing" and "comfortable and inseparable from prostitution", showing a strong and upright character; Even in the face of "blooming flowers", it is still lush and will never give in to the cold. The poem's phrase "I wish to thank you for being twenty years old and be friends with you for a long time" is a wonderful pen to communicate "things and me": it suddenly embraced the poet himself in Ode to Oranges and wished to be friends with the appearance of Chenpi. In the face of severe years, this makes the frost and snow stand proudly and the image of Qu Yuan himself, who has lost his reputation and ethics, superimposed together. Then, after thousands of years of thinking, the whole poetic realm was sublimated with the conclusion that "doing is better than Bo Yi, like Xi". In the distant reflection of two ancient and modern people, the spirit of dried tangerine peel praised in the last article has all flowed and converged, becoming a symbol of the great man's spirit in adversity without changing ethics, reflected on the historical awning!
Judging from the poems we can see now. Ode to an Orange is the first object-chanting poem in China's poetry history. Qu Yuan skillfully grasped the ecology and habits of dried tangerine peel, connected it with human spirit and character through analogy and association, and gave warm praise. Expressing ambition with things and writing about people with things not only communicate things with me, but also integrate ancient and modern times, thus creating what A Qing dynasty Lin Yunming praised as "it seems that every sentence in two paragraphs is a gift of orange, but seeing (bending) the original and the orange can't tell one from another, and they set each other off as an interesting mirror" (Chu Ci Deng). Since then, the oranges in the South China contain rich cultural connotations of "independence and love for the motherland", and people with lofty ideals have been sung and imitated by people. Undoubtedly, this unique contribution belongs only to Qu Yuan, so Liu Chenweng in Song Dynasty also called Qu Yuan the "ancestor of chanting things".