Learning objectives
1. Read the text emotionally to stimulate students’ interest in learning and getting close to ancient literary works.
2. Closely follow the language of the text, and understand the characteristics of Zhou Yu, Zhuge Liang and other characters in the text, especially through the study of Zhuge Liang’s planning and arrangements? Borrowing arrows from a straw boat?, feel that Zhuge Liang is resourceful, thoughtful, and knowledgeable. Ability to understand astronomy, geography, and people's minds.
3. Learn new words such as “jealousy”, “du”, “zhai”, “lei”, “na”, “cheng”, etc. and new words composed of these new words, and recognize new words such as “yu” and “man”.
Teaching focus
1. Understand the origin and process of "borrowing arrows from straw boats".
2. Stick to the language of the text, feel the characters, and experience the fun of reading classics.
Preparation before class
Student preparation: If possible, read Chapter 42 to Chapter 46 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". Understand the situation of Wei, Shu and Wu at that time and why Zhou Yu was jealous of Zhuge Liang.
Teacher preparation: Make multimedia courseware for this lesson.
Lesson Arrangement
2 Lessons
First Lesson
1. Create artistic conception and experience wonderful things
1 .Create artistic conception and render atmosphere. Before class, play clips and theme songs from the TV series "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
2. Mobilize accumulation. Which main characters and main stories in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" are you familiar with?
3. Try to communicate and gain an overall perception.
(1) Talk: Today, the teacher and everyone will enjoy a wonderful story in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". (Show topic: Borrowing Arrows from a Straw Boat) The teacher believes that many students are familiar with this story. Who can introduce the main content of the story?
(2) Student communication.
(3) Evaluate students’ communication.
2. Get to the center and realize the wonder.
1. Underline the central sentence of the text. Ask students to read the full text carefully and underline the central sentence of the text. Zhou Yu sighed and said: "Zhuge Liang's miraculous calculations, I really can't compare with him!"
2. After reading and thinking, Zhou Yu sighed before he died: "Since I gave birth to Yu, , He Shengliang!? Invite students to read the text freely, underline the sentences that you think best express Zhuge Liang’s magical calculations, and then understand with your heart where Zhuge Liang’s magic is and what is so wonderful.
3. Students learn independently. Read, draw and experience.
4. Communication and dialogue:
Taking "Zhuge Liang knows astronomy" as an example, the teaching process is conceived as follows:
(1) Read the sentence: At this time The sky was so thick with fog that it was impossible to see clearly even face to face on the river. ?
Role transposition, comparative experience: Zhuge Liang and Lu Su both saw this fog. How will they feel? What will they think psychologically?
Role-playing reading.
(2) Contact the context of the text to understand. From these places in the text, we can see that Zhuge Liang had calculated the fog in advance. For example, in the second natural paragraph
Zhuge Liang said: "It only takes three days." ?
?Zhuge Liang said: ?How dare you joke with the governor? I am willing to issue a military order. If it is not done well in three days, I will be punished. ?
Zhuge Liang said: It’s too late today. From tomorrow to the third day, please send five hundred sergeants to the riverside to carry arrows. ?
The fourth natural paragraph
Zhuge Liang said: "You will lend me twenty ships, and there will be thirty sergeants on each ship." The ship was covered with a green cloth curtain. On the third day, one hundred thousand arrows were kept. But I can't let the governor know. If he finds out, my plan will be over. ?
In the sixth natural paragraph? On the first day, there was no movement from Zhuge Liang; on the second day, there was still no movement from Zhuge Liang; until the fourth watch on the third day, Zhuge Liang secretly invited Lu Su. Get into the boat. Lu Su asked him: "What did you ask me to do?" Zhuge Liang said: "Please go and get the arrows together." ?
The Seventh Natural Paragraph'
?At this time, the sky was filled with heavy fog, and it was impossible to even see face to face on the river. ?
5. The plot of group self-study and exchange: Zhuge Liang understands the geographical location. The teaching process is conceived as follows:
(1) Read the text silently and circle relevant sentences or key words.
(2) Exchange experiences.
(Related sentences in the text:
In the sixth natural paragraph, Zhuge Liang ordered twenty ships to be connected with ropes and sailed towards the north bank.
The eighth natural section? Zhuge Liang ordered the boat to be turned around again, with the bow facing east and the stern facing west. Still beating drums and shouting, he approached Cao Jun's water stronghold to receive arrows.
The word "approach" in this sentence especially reflects Zhuge Liang's clever calculation: Reason one: if he approaches too close, Cao Cao will be able to see through the secret; reason two: he is far away from Cao Jun's water stronghold, and he cannot receive arrows or the area to receive arrows is not large. . The degree of control lies entirely in wisdom. )
3. Extracurricular extension
1. Read Chapters 40, 46, and 90 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms".
2. Focus on reading the text content of "Zhuge Liang Knows People's Hearts" in your favorite way.
The second lesson
1. Appreciate famous works and read classics
1. Conversation: In the last lesson, we enjoyed the story "The Straw Boat Borrowing Arrows" Historical story, the teacher knew that the students especially admired Zhuge Liang's miraculous calculations. Some students said that Zhuge Liang was proficient in astronomy, some said that he knew geography, and some said that the most important reason why Zhuge Liang was able to borrow arrows was because he "understood people's hearts." Indeed, the text wonderfully describes Zhuge Liang's understanding of people's hearts. This aspect is also the focus of this lesson. If the teacher asked you to choose your favorite or the learning method that best demonstrates your talents to appreciate and explore the text description? Zhuge Liang knows people's hearts, what kind of learning method would you use to explore?
2 .The students reported after a moment of reflection, and the teacher sorted out and summarized the following learning methods:
(1) Reading: Read aloud with emotion.
(2) Say: Choose the most exciting part of the story, add your own imagination, and tell it vividly.
(3) Acting: Invite a few classmates or teachers to act out the story in different roles.
(4) Comment: Comment on Zhuge Liang? His magical calculations know people's hearts.
(5) Write: Based on the TV series you have watched, expand your imagination, expand and write some scenes of "Zhuge Liang Knows People's Hearts".
3. Students discuss and determine their own learning styles, which can be done individually or cooperatively.
4. Teachers and students interact and communicate, and provide timely guidance so that students can master some learning methods and learning strategies. Example
(1) Reading: "Zhuge Liang knows people's hearts". If you choose the "Emotional Reading" learning method, please read aloud in a personalized way according to your own understanding of the characters' emotions. , in order to achieve the effect of rich voices and vivid characters.
(2) Say: Use the "tell me" learning method to learn "Zhuge Liang knows people's hearts". How are you going to say this?
(Communication points: ① Main The plot and content should be clearly stated. ② The content of the story can be appropriately created, especially the dialogue in the second natural paragraph, and some vivid prompts and interesting details should be added. ③ The language should be natural and smooth. The characters' language should use different tones and intonations to show the personality characteristics of different characters. ④Be generous when speaking, pay attention to the audience's reaction, and be able to communicate with them using eyes and gestures)
< p>(3) Acting: If you choose the learning method of "acting and acting" to learn "Emperor Zhuge knows people's hearts", how should you act in this aspect?(Exchange points: 1. Make it up well? Script. Change the content of the text into a script. ② Choose the actors and assign the roles. ④ Prepare simple props. First, you can act out specific fragments: for example, "Dialogue and Confrontation" in the second natural paragraph; "Drinking and having fun" in the seventh natural paragraph; secondly, you can act out the entire text)
5. Ask students to choose. Choose your own favorite method and according to different requirements, choose learning partners, appreciate classics, and read the text content of "Zhuge Liang Knows People's Hearts" in this aspect.
6. Group communication, whole class report, free appreciation and reading: Guide students to report around "Magical Calculation and Understanding People's Hearts", and teachers participate and interact.
Taking the seventh natural paragraph as an example, Zhuge Liang smiled and said: "The fog is so heavy, Cao Cao will not dare to send troops out." We just drink and have fun and go back at dawn. ?
For this excerpt, if you are a student who adopts the learning strategy of performance inquiry, the teaching situation can be created like this:
Teacher: ?In the text "Borrowing Arrows from a Straw Boat", There are 11 places where Zhuge Liang speaks, but only this place mentions Zhuge Liang's "smile". Let’s play it out, what happened to Zhuge Liang at this time? Laughing
(Probably: Zhuge Liang looked towards the north bank and snorted softly from his nostrils: ?The fog is so thick, Cao Cao must not dare to send troops Come out. Let's just drink and have fun and go back at dawn? This is a contemptuous mockery of Cao Cao.)
(It can be: Zhuge Liang looked up to the sky and laughed and said: "The fog is so heavy, Cao Cao." We must not dare to send troops out. We just drink and have fun, and go back at dawn? This is the hearty smile that cannot be suppressed after defeating Zhou Yu)
(It can be: Zhuge Liang looked at the scene in front of him. The ship, listening to the beating of drums and shouts, smiled slightly and said: "The fog is so thick, Cao Cao will definitely not dare to send troops out."
We just drink and have fun and go back at dawn. ?This is a proud, confident smile. )
Teacher: Now ask the students to read out the different connotations of "laugh".
2. Create dialogue and shape personality
1. Can students use appropriate idioms or four-character words to summarize the personality characteristics of different characters? (Students write on the blackboard)
2. Use related words to speak and practice.
Provide several sets of related words:
Because? So if? Only?
Although? But as soon as?
Conversation: The teacher provides several sets of related words. Students try to use as many of these sets of related words as possible, and combine them with the words you just summarized to express the characters' personality characteristics to fully introduce the causes and consequences of the historical story of the straw boat borrowing arrows.
3. Compile poetry and appreciate the classics.
Teacher: Weave the story into text:
Borrowing arrows from a straw boat is unusual,
There is an article to discuss success or failure.
The governor Zhou Yu wanted to frame him,
Mr. Kong Ming dealt with it skillfully.
The astronomical fog is filled with mist,
Cao Cao knows the land well.
Have insight into people's hearts and come up with clever plans,
Arrows are raining down like rain, and you are fully loaded.
Zhuge Liang’s miraculous calculation made him famous from generation to generation.
Students who like it can read it or recite it.
3. Link to famous works and expand the text
Invite students to freely talk about their experiences after reading the original work of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", such as "Empty City Plan"; Chapter 50: Zhuge Liang's Wise Calculation Huarong, Guan Yun Changyi explained Cao Cao?; Chapter 51? Cao Ren fought against the Dongwu soldiers, Kong Ming was angry with Zhou Gongjin?; Chapter 55? Xuande Zhi inspired Mrs. Sun, Kong Ming was angry with Zhou Gongjin?; Chapter 56? Returning to Cao Cao's grand banquet on the Bronze Bird Terrace, Kong Ming's three qi Zhou Gongjin.
4. Homework
1. Retell the story through Solitaire.
2. Interpret the text into a textbook drama.