Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty was the second emperor of the Sui Dynasty. He was the second son of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty Yang Jian and Queen Dugujia (jiā) Luo (dí) of Wenwen.
During his reign, he dredged (jùn) on the basis of many canals built by his predecessors and built the Sui Dynasty Grand Canal; built the eastern capital of Luoyang and moved the capital to Luoyang.
Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty liked to fight and launched wars frequently. He conquered Tuyuhun in the west and Goguryeo three times. He abused people's power and indulged in extravagance, which triggered nationwide peasant uprisings and chaos, leading to the collapse and fall of the Sui Dynasty.
In 618 AD, Jiangdu rebelled and was killed by Yu Wenhua and the rebels.
Let’s take a look at this subjugated king:
In 600 AD, Yang Guang, Zhang Heng and others made plans to continuously frame Yang Yong and seize the crown prince; Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty finally deposed Yang Yong, changed Yang Guang into the crown prince.
In 604 AD, after Yang Guang succeeded to the throne, he falsely passed on the will of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and forced Yang Yong to commit suicide.
In fact, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was killed; Zhao Yi's "A Brief Account of the Great Cause": Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was poisoned to death by Zhang Heng.
His brother Yang Xiu, King of Shu, was framed by him and used witchcraft (gǔ) to curse Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and his younger brother Yang Liang, King of Han. They were deprived of their official titles, demoted to common people (shù), and placed under house arrest (shì). ) province; later he was placed under house arrest together with his disciples and was not allowed to see his wife.
His younger brother Yang Liang, King of Han Dynasty, raised troops in Bingzhou in the name of challenging Yang Su. Yang Guang sent Yang Su to suppress it. After Yang Liang surrendered, he was imprisoned until his death.
In 607 AD, Yang Guang killed his nephew Yang Yan (yǎn), king of Changning, and demoted his remaining nephews, namely Yang Yong and others, to Lingnan, where they were all executed on the way.
In 605 AD, Yang Guang ordered the construction of Xianren Palace. All the exotic materials and stones from the south of the Dajiang River and the north of Wuling were transported to Luoyang. Garden.
Xiyuan has a radius of two hundred miles. There is a sea in the garden, with a circumference of more than ten miles. Within the sea are built Penglai (lái), Abbot, and Yingzhou (yíng) sacred mountains. The mountains are more than a hundred feet above the water. The terraces, palaces and pavilions are dotted on the mountain, making it look like a fairyland from every aspect.
There is the Longlin Canal (qú) in the north of the garden, which meanders into the sea; sixteen courtyards were built along the Longlin Canal, with the gate of the courtyard facing the canal. Each courtyard is presided over by a fourth-grade lady. The majestic view is extremely gorgeous.
After the branches and leaves of the trees in the palace wither in autumn and winter, ribbons are cut into flowers and leaves and decorated on the branches. When the colors are old, they are replaced with new ones, so that the scenery is always like spring; Cut the ribbon into silk and make it into lotus, jì, líng and qiàn.
When Emperor Yang came to play, he removed the ice from the pond and decorated it with colorful silks to create a beautiful scene of spring. The sixteen courtyards competed with each other with delicacies (xiū) and exquisite food in order to win Yang Guang's favor.
Yang Guang liked to lead thousands of palace ladies on horseback rides in Xiyuan on moonlit nights. He composed "Qingye Tour Music" and played it on horseback.
Yang Guang ordered the construction of the canal and mobilized troops in Henan. More than one million people from the counties in the north of Huaihe built the "Tongji Canal" (qú). It took six years to dig the Grand Canal. We excavated and dredged the Tongji Canal from the Yellow River to the Biàn River, and then from the Biàn River to the Huaihe River. We dredged the Tongji Canal from the Huaihe River to the Yangtze River, the Jiangnan River from Jingkou to Kuaiji (jī), and the north to Zhuo ( Yongji Canal in Zhuō County.
Yang Guang also ordered Wang Hong and others to go to the south of the Yangtze River to build tens of thousands of dragon boats and miscellaneous boats, which were used by Yang Guang to visit Jiangdu several times. The officials in Luoyang (lì) supervised the labor (yì) harshly and urgently. Four to five tenths of the servicemen died.
The dragon boat built has four levels, forty to fifty feet high and two hundred feet long. The upper level has the main hall, the inner hall, and the east and west halls; the middle two levels have one hundred and twenty rooms. They are all decorated with gold and jade, and the lower part is where the servants live.
When Emperor Yang visited Jiangdu, he led 100,000 or 200,000 kings, hundreds of officials, concubines (fēi), maids, etc., and the fleet was more than 200 miles long; the prefectures and counties he passed were within 500 miles. Everyone has to contribute food, and the waste is very serious.
Yang Guang's poems and essays occupy an important position in the history of Chinese literature and poetry; "The Complete Poems of the Sui Dynasty" contains more than 40 of his poems, among which two of the more famous ones are "Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night".
Former Vice Minister of Culture Zheng Zhenduo: Although Yang Guang is not a very smart politician, he is an excellent poet.
Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was also an emperor who did not do his job properly. He focused on writing and writing and was slack on governing the country.
In 605 AD, Yang Guang built Tokyo, which lasted ten months and used two million people every month.
In 612 AD, the first attack on Goguryeo was carried out, and more than 1.13 million soldiers (zú) were recruited; another 2 million civilians were mobilized to transport clothes, armor, food, etc.; migrant workers to build sea ships Standing in the water day and night, the skin ulcerated, maggots were born from the waist down, and many people died.
In 613 AD, the peasant uprising not only spread across Shandong, Hebei and other places, but also spread throughout the country. Yang Guang wanted to use the terrorist policy of bloody massacre to intimidate the people and kill everyone he captured; but he could not stop it. The emergence of more peasant uprisings has led to more people joining the peasant uprising army.
In 614 AD, Yang Guang sent troops to attack Goguryeo for the third time. Since the peasant uprising in the late Sui Dynasty had spread throughout the country, the Sui Dynasty was in danger, so he had to negotiate a peace and withdraw his troops.
Zhu Yuanzhang: Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty recklessly raised an army to conquer Liu (liú), killed the barbarians (yí), burned their palaces, and captured thousands of men and women; the land he obtained was not enough to provide food, and the people he obtained were not enough It is not enough to make an order, it is just a vain reputation, and it harms the country; it is recorded in the annals of history and ridiculed by future generations.
In 618 AD, Yu Wenhuaji launched a mutiny. Yang Guang heard about the mutiny, changed his clothes in a hurry, and fled into the West Pavilion; he was captured by the rebels Pei (péi) Qian (qián) Tong, Yuan Li, Ma Wenju and others; Yang Guang wanted to drink poisoned wine and commit suicide, but the rebels refused and hanged him. He was forty-nine years old.