Manchu entered the customs to rule the Central Plains, and the Opium War began in modern times. Western foreign trade greedy British businessmen, import drugs to harm people and rob money.
The Lin faction destroyed opium in Humen, and the people's hearts showed national prestige. During the Anti-Japanese War, the British attacked the soldiers and civilians, and treaty of nanking ceded territory to pay reparations.
Hong Xiuquan rallied to revolt, and jintian uprising occupied Jiangnan. The Qing army surrounded the two sides and fought fiercely, and the infighting was trapped in the kingdom of heaven.
Britain and France agreed to amend the contract, Xianfeng fled and burned down Mingyuan. Heart has launched a coup to seize the power of the Queen Mother, and eight ministers were punished.
The crisis highlights the development of westernization, and the results are slightly obvious. Empress Dowager Cixi, who was dissatisfied with the power of the cabinet, went on strike in Central Shen Jia at the age of 18.
During the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, it was difficult for the Qing army to build a strong ship. The loss of the island and the sinking of the "Chang Liang" were martyred, and the national hero will be remembered forever.
Signing Shimonoseki humiliated the country and lost power, and China came to get out. In the Reform Movement of 1898, Kangfa changed and a piece of paper was written on the bus.
The sudden change of the situation made the reform life short, and Guangxu was questioned by the "six kings". Yihe militia set up a boxing ring to help the Qing dynasty destroy foreign countries, kill bandits and eliminate rape.
The eight countries invaded the Boxer Rebellion, which added to the disaster of the ugly treaty. Sun Yat-sen, the pioneer of revolutionary propaganda, United the "League" of different parties.
Drive out the equal land rights of the Tatars, have the ambition of * * *, and be brave in difficulties and obstacles. The road was protected by Yixian, Wuchang, Sichuan, and the Qing court abdicated in the early Republic of China.
North-South peace talks Sun Wen Zen Yuan, Beiyang warlords dominate the world. The members of the Song bloody case were chilling, and the second revolution set out to beg Yuan.
Shikai called the emperor "Hong Xian", rallied to defend the country, and Xiangcheng ascended to heaven. Zhang Xun took advantage of the chaos to mediate the "government courtyard", and the braided army resumed widespread indignation and discontent.
Duan's monopoly was abolished, and the battle to protect the law broke up in discord. During the Paris talks of World War II, the powers divided the spoils and refused to sign a peace treaty.
Aspiring youth * * * "Tianan", May 4th punish thieves and seize power. The South Lake boat is brightly lit, and the China Revolution has written a new chapter.
In Zhifeng's rebellion, warlords scuffled and Feng turned to Beijing Incident. Learning from Russia changed the development of agriculture, industry and farmers, and the Three People's Principles were first linked.
Yi Xian, the founding father, died in Yan State, and the military and political power was in Jie's family. Huangpu Campus trained officers, launched the Northern Expedition, and took Wuhan directly.
Crusades to the north control the southeast, Han Ning confluence coup. The "August 1st" military flag exhibition was completed, and Jinggang joined forces as the cradle of revolution.
The Northern Expedition went south again, and the Japanese army stopped the bloody case. Because Lin violated Zhang's right to go abroad, Zhang's life was ruined.
Liang Xue didn't listen to him, and the flag was changed in the northeast, and "unification" was realized. Li Jiang Yan Feng fought in the Central Plains, and this "rumbled" helped the Allies defeat him.
Five times, the Soviet area was trapped and forced to base itself on the Shaanxi-Gansu Long March. The Japanese picked a fight, occupied Shenyang, swallowed three provinces in one gulp and ordered not to fight.
Puyi's soul is still a stray dog, a puppet traitor of Manchukuo. The "Seven Gentlemen" case of resisting Japan and saving the nation.
JASON ZHANG challenged the Xi incident, and the country and * * * joined hands to go to the front. The July 7th Incident took away our rivers and mountains, and we fought bloody battles together.
The United front red army reorganized and won the first battle. Toyo was strong and stubborn, and Jinling lost its capital and moved westward.
The Japanese aggressors were as fierce as tigers and wolves, and the Nanjing Massacre was terrible. The new version of the "Fourth Army" moved to Jiangsu and Anhui, and Jiang played a conspiracy to create trouble.
The tragedy in the south of the Yangtze River is a strange injustice through the ages. Why should roommates worry about each other? Wang puppet regime acted as a traitor and betrayed the country for glory.
China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression received world support, and the Japanese invaders surrendered, and the whole country rejoiced. Chongqing has repeatedly negotiated that "* * * is a commercial country".
It is indeed constant friction, tearing up the agreement and launching a civil war. All walks of life opposed civil strife, Chiang Kai-shek was cruel and Wen Li was killed.
In the war of liberation, the army and the people stood side by side, and the revolutionary forces developed and expanded. The enemy of Liaoshen annihilated Huaihai and won the battle. Peiping survived three major battles.
Chiang Kai-shek's escape from Taiwan Province Province turned upside down and the socialist people came to power. I have seen the past with my own eyes and learned from the ups and downs.
There is a long way to go to revive the glory. If the country wants to prosper, it must strengthen its youth. Dream to realize education first, and take cultural talents as the other side.
Who can summarize the music history of China in China's modern music history? 1. The obscurantism of ancient folk music in China was more than 2,000 years earlier than the ancestor of Chinese people, Xuanyuan Huangdi.
According to the Neolithic Age from 6700 to 7000 years ago, our ancestors may have been able to burn clay pots and dig bone whistles. These primitive musical instruments undoubtedly tell people that people at that time already had the aesthetic ability of music.
According to ancient documents, ancient music culture has the characteristics of combining singing, dancing and music. The so-called "three people fuck the cow's tail and cast their feet with songs" of the Ge family is the best example.
What people sang at that time, such as "respecting nature", "fighting for grain" and "the extreme of the total beast", reflected the ancestors' understanding of agriculture, animal husbandry and the natural laws of heaven and earth. These primitive music and dances, which combine song, dance and pleasure, are also related to the totem worship of the primitive clan.
For example, the clan of the Yellow Emperor once took the cloud as a totem, and his music and dance were called Cloud Gate. With regard to the original musical form, we can see the Song of Waiting for People written by Tu Shanshi's daughter in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals.
The lyrics of this song are only "waiting for someone", and only the word "waiting for someone" has real meaning. This is the bud of music, and it is the language that breeds.
Second, Xia and Shang Dynasties were a period of slavery society. According to the records of classical literature, music and dance at this time has gradually deviated from the characteristics of primitive clan music and dance, and was more occupied by slave owners.
From the content, they gradually broke away from the original totem worship and became an ode to those who conquered nature. For example, Yu Xia managed water and benefited the people, so there appeared the music and dance "Great Summer" praising Yu Xia.
Xia Jie had no choice but to cut it by Shang Tang, so there was a musical dance "Dami" that praised Shang Tang for cutting Jie. Witchcraft prevailed in Shang dynasty, so there appeared wizards who dedicated sacrifices.
They were raised by slave owners, danced and sang during sacrifices, and were the first people to take music as their profession. Slave owners sacrificed music and dance to emperors and ancestors, and at the same time indulged themselves with music and dance.
When they die, they will be martyred by musicians. On the one hand, this cruel martyrdom system exposes the cruel rule of slave owners and objectively reflects the progress of productive forces in the primitive times, thus enabling the rapid development of music culture. According to historical records, in the Xia Dynasty, crocodiles were used to cover drums.
In the Shang Dynasty, there have been wooden cavity python drums, two birds gluttonous bronze drums and well-made birch plough stone pots. Influenced by the Bronze Age, bells and cymbals appeared in Shang Dynasty, and most of them were in groups of three.
The appearance of various percussion instruments embodies the development characteristics of percussion instruments in the history of musical instruments. Tao Kui, a body-singing instrument that began more than 5,000 years BC, developed from a monophonic hole and a diphone hole to a pentatonic hole at that time, and can emit twelve semitones.
According to Tao Xun's pronunciation, the basic pentatonic scale of China's national music thought appeared in the late Neolithic Age, while the heptatonic scale appeared at least in Shang and Yin Dynasties. Three. The Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty were a historical period in which slave society turned from prosperity to decline and feudal social factors were growing day by day.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the imperial court first established a complete system of rites and music. In banquets and entertainments, officials in different positions are required to have different positions and dance teams.
Summarizing the epic music and dance of past dynasties, we can see the so-called "six generations of music and dance", that is, Yunmen in the Huangdi era, Xianchi in the Yao era, Daxia in the Shao and Yu dynasties in the Shun era, Daxie in the Shang dynasty and Dawu in the Zhou dynasty. The Zhou dynasty also had a system of collecting wind and observing people's feelings.
Relying on this, a large number of folk songs were preserved, and after being deleted by Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period, China's first poetry collection, The Book of Songs, was formed. It contains 305 poems1* * * about entering music from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
The most wonderful part of The Book of Songs is "Wind". They are the songs of the 15th National Congress and spread around Henan Province, including several nearby provinces.
In addition, there are several genres of "elegance" and "elegance" created by literati, as well as the epic sacrifice song "Ode". According to the analysis of handed down figures, the songs in The Book of Songs can be summarized into ten musical structures.
As a part of * * * in the late Song Dynasty, it already had a special name "Luan". Qu Yuan, a famous patriotic poet, edited nine Songs of the Chu based on The Songs of the Chu before and after the Book of Songs was written, which has strong Chu cultural characteristics.
At this point, the two works with different musical styles complement each other in the North and the South. The folk music life in Zhou Dynasty involved more than ten aspects of social life and was very active.
The story of Zhong Ziqi's bosom friend began at this time. This reflects the improvement of performance technology, composition technology and people's appreciation level.
In the performance of guqin, Qin people also summed up the psychological feeling that "only from the heart can we respond to musical instruments". According to records, the famous singer Qin Qingneng "sings trees to stop flying clouds".
Folk singer Han E sang "I can't stop for three days." . These are the high achievements of vocal music technology.
The highly developed music culture of the Zhou Dynasty can also be seen from the ancient musical instruments unearthed in Sui County, Hubei Province in 1978. This underground music treasure house, comparable to the Egyptian pyramids, provided a model of the court ceremony and music system at that time. Eight kinds of 124 musical instruments have been unearthed here. According to the classification of "eight-tone" musical instruments in Zhou Dynasty (gold, stone, silk, bamboo, jade, earth, leather and wood), almost all kinds of musical instruments are available.
Among them, the most important 64 kinds of chime instruments are arranged in three layers: upper, middle and lower, with a total weight of more than 5,000 kilograms and a total range of five octaves. Because this set of chimes has the characteristics that the chimes of Shang and Zhou Dynasties ring twice once, the twelve semitones in the local sound area are complete and can rotate in the palace, thus confirming the reliability of the records of the rotating palace in the pre-Qin literature.
There are also inscriptions on the bells and dishes of the tomb of Zeng Houyi, which are about the music theory among the vassal States and reflect the high achievements of the music method in the Zhou Dynasty. In the Zhou Dynasty, the theory of twelve laws was established.
The names of the five tones (Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu) have also been established. At this time, people already know that the fifth or seventh scale is dominated by Gong Yin, and the change of Gong Yin's position is called Gong Xuan, so that the effect of tuning can be achieved.
The "three-point profit and loss method" recorded in Guanzi Yuan Di has made outstanding achievements in law. It is based on the chord length of Gong Yin, and then one third (one) is added to get Gong Yin.
Summary of China's Modern History The modern history of China, in a word, is the history of humiliation, exploration and resistance of China people, which are the three basic clues of China's modern history.
For more than 100 years, the people of China have been oppressed by the three mountains of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism.
In order to change their destiny, the unyielding people of China began their own exploration. The Westernization Movement, the rise of national capitalism, the Reform Movement of 1898, the Revolution of 1911, the New Culture Movement and the May 4th Movement ... all classes are making unyielding explorations (exploration history) for the bright road of China.
The history of resistance began with the peasant uprising. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and the Boxer Rebellion failed one after another, and the bourgeoisie began to resist again. From the Reform Movement of 1898, the Revolution of 1911 to the establishment of the Republic of China, they strongly promoted the progress of China's history. But it did not change the social nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Finally, the arduous task fell on the proletariat, and the May 4th Movement began. With the establishment of China and their growth, the people of China finally won the final victory!
To sum up the modern history of China, 1940 Opium War opened the door to China, and China began a modern history of nearly a hundred years. Sino-British treaty of nanking was signed in 1842. Since then, a series of treaties that humiliated the country have strengthened the aggressive ambitions of imperialist countries. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, burned Yuanmingyuan, 190 1 year, and signed a treaty of shame with China. Boxer indemnity paid the most reparations in modern history. The Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty, established the Republic of China, and ended the feudal autocratic monarchy for more than two thousand years. 1927 August 1 Nanchang Uprising, China has its own people's army since then. 1July 7, 937, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression began. After eight years of arduous anti-Japanese war, Japan declared its unconditional surrender on August 5, 1945. 1June, 946, * * * launched a full-scale civil war, which lasted for three years. 1On April 23rd, 949, the people occupied Nanjing and the Kuomintang's rule in the mainland was destroyed. 19491kloc-0/,founding ceremony, ended the humiliating history of the China war and marked the entry of China into the modern era.
I wrote this myself. My modern history is not very good. I hope it helps you.