Appreciation of the full text of Chu Ci's "Bu Ju" and reading impressions
Qu Yuan has been released, and Qu Yuan has been exiled.
He will not be seen again for three years. I haven’t been able to see the King of Chu for three years.
Be loyal to the king with all your knowledge,
Be loyal to the king with all your wisdom,
And hide yourself from slander. But still blocked by the villain’s slander.
Feeling upset and confused,
Not knowing what to do. I don’t know what to do.
Then he went to see Taibu Zheng Zhanyin and said:
"I have many doubts.
"I have many doubts.
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I hope Mr. Yin will decide it. "I would like to ask you, sir, to help me make a decision."
Zhan Yin then brushed the turtle's shell and said:
"How will you teach me?" "You What advice can you give me?"
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Qu Yuan said:
"I would rather be honest and honest? Be diligent and loyal?
Will it be sent to Rolls-Royce Infinity? ???????????????????????????????????? or?
Would you rather kill the weeds and plow the grass? Should we weed and cultivate seedlings?
Will Master You become famous? ?????????? Or lobbying the powerful to gain a false reputation?
Would you rather endanger yourself by speaking out? Should you speak out without fear of endangering yourself?
Will you be born as a concubine from worldly wealth? iouswards but also an idle existence coveting worldly wealth and wealth?
Is it better to be aloof and exalted to maintain truth? Should you fly far away to preserve your true identity?
Jiang Zili Si, oh, are you a Confucian who wants to serve a woman? Or are you flattering, submissive, and servile to please women?
Would you rather be honest and honest to clean yourself up? Should we be honest and upright?
Will the bulging ladder be as funny as grease and silk as a clean couplet? Or is it smooth and playful, as smooth as oil and as soft as cooked skin that can wrap around a pillar?
Is Ning Ang as proud as a thousand-mile horse? Should he be as majestic and majestic as a vigorous horse?
Are you going to steal the whole body from me, like the waves rising and falling in the water? Or are you like a wild duck floating in the water, drifting with the current, trying to keep your body intact?
Are Ning and Qi Ji overmatched? Should we run alongside the horse?
Will you follow the path of the ruthless horse? Or follow the lead of the bad horse?
Are Ning and Huang Hu competing? Should we fly with swans on the same wings?
Will we compete with chickens and swans for food? Or compete with chickens and ducks for food?
Which one is good or bad? Which one is auspicious and which one is dangerous?
Where to go? What can’t you do and what can you do?
The world is turbid and unclear,
The cicada wings are considered to be very heavy,
Qian Jun is light; the things that are considered too light;
Huang Zhong is destroyed, and Huang Zhong's pronunciation Huang Zhong is destroyed and abandoned,
tile kettle thunder; The sound is said to be thunder;
The slanderer is arrogant, the slanderous villain is arrogant,
The wise man is nameless. A capable person has no reputation.
I sigh in silence, I can only sigh in silence,
Who knows my integrity? "Who knows my integrity?"
Zhan Yin thanked him and said:
Zhan Yin put down his plans and thanked him, saying:
"The ruler is short," "One foot is short." When you think it is too short,
An inch has its own length; When an inch feels it is long enough;
When things are short of something, Beautiful things will also have their shortcomings, < /p>
Wisdom is unclear; profound wisdom will also be unclear;
Counting is inadequate, calculation of hexagram numbers is inadequate,
God has something Doesn’t make sense. The magic power of the gods is not enough.
Think with your own heart,
Act with your own will, act according to your own wishes,
Gui Cecheng cannot Governor. "Gu Bu Zhan really couldn't have known about this."
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[Note] Exile: Exile. See again: Refers to seeing the King of Chu again. 瀣飣: to cover, to obstruct. Taibu: The official in charge of divination. Because: by virtue of. Duance: Count the yarrow; Duan, Tong, count. Turtle whisk: brush the dust off the turtle shell. 悃(kǔn bundle) 悃欵欵: honest and diligent. 浵浵, same as "鬵鬵". Send to Laolai: Send to welcome. Labour, comfort. Sir: Refers to a noble person. Yusheng: greedy for life. Niao, the same as "steal". Transcendence: A superb look. Lift high: fly far away. Fidelity: Preserving the true nature. 哫訾(zúzǐzuzi): means the same as "妦耄", a look that wants to move forward but dare not. Lisi: synonymous with "哫zi". Oh Ee: He looks like he wants to speak but doesn’t dare. Ru'er (ní Ni): synonymous with "Oh Yi". Woman: refers to Zheng Xiu, the favorite concubine of King Huai of Chu. Tuti: Sleek appearance. Hua (gǔ bone) Ji: a drinking vessel that can be used to spit out wine all day long. Later, it was used to refer to being able to cope with the infinite and being good at catering to others. Ruzhiruwei: It means as smooth as grease, as soft as cooked cowhide, and good at coping with the environment. Jie Ying: measure the pillars of the house and turn them in a circle, describing the smooth and conventional way of doing things. Jie is borrowed as "絜(xiéxie)", and the "Supplementary Notes to Songs of Chu" quoted "Selected Works" as "絜". Arrogant: Head held high and chest upright, upright and upright. Pan (fàn pan): floating and uncertain. Fu (fúfu): water bird, that is, wild duck. There was originally a word "hu" under this character, which was deleted according to the "Supplementary Notes to Songs of Chu". Kangyue (èhung): walking side by side. Kang, the same as "似", and also means "yoke", the crossbar at the front of the shaft. 驽(nǔNU)马: inferior horse. Huang Hu (hú Hu): swan. 鹜(wùwu): duck. 溷(hùnturbid): dirty, filthy. Qianjun: represents the heaviest thing. In ancient times, thirty kilograms was divided into one Jun. Huang Zhong: One of the twelve rhythms in ancient music, it is the loudest and grandest tone. This refers to the big bell whose tone is in tune with the yellow bell rhythm. Wa Ke (fǔaxe): pottery pot. This represents vulgar music. Gao Zhang: Refers to the bad guys being arrogant and arrogant. Xie: to decline, to refuse. Number: Hexagram number. Catch: And.
There is controversy in the academic circles as to who exactly this article was written for. Since Wang Yi's "Chu Ci Zhangju" clearly stated that "the author of "Divination" was written by Qu Yuan, until the late Qing Dynasty, most scholars had no doubt about this. Cui Shu's "Archaeology Continuation: Guan Shu Yu Lun" categorically reverses this theory: "Buju" and "The Fisherman" must not have been written by Qu Yuan." Researchers of "Chu Ci" since the May 4th Movement, such as Guo Moruo , You Guoen, Lu Kanru, etc. all expressed their opinions. Guo Moruo said: ""Bu Ju" may be the work of Chu people who knew Qu Yuan's life and thoughts well." ("Modern Translation of Qu Yuan's Fu") We believe that Wang Yi's statement is not inconsistent with that of modern people, but they use their respective opinions to Just look at the issue from the perspective of the times. People in the Pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasties often did not include the author's name in their compositions and books. Most of the authors of ancient Pre-Qin books that are passed down today were added by later generations. Moreover, that era paid special attention to "family law". "The so-called family does not necessarily refer to the writings of one person. It is called family law if it is passed down from father to son or from master to younger brother." (Yu Jiaxi's "Siku Libian Zheng") It is inferred that his studies From someone, it is signed by his name. Books such as "Guanzi", "Yanzi" and "Lülan" contain many events after the author's death, which all fall into this category. Wang Yi believed that "Bu Ju" was written by Qu Yuan because it truly reflected Qu Yuan's thoughts and emotions. As for whether it was written by Qu Yuan himself, this was not his concern. Therefore, Wang Yi said that "The Fisherman" was written by Qu Yuan, but he also said in the following part of "The Fisherman's Chapters": "Qu Yuan was exiled between Jiang and Xiang... When the Fisherman encountered Qu Yuan in the Chuanze area, he asked strange questions He responded accordingly. The people of Chu missed Qu Yuan and passed down his words to pass them on. "Wang Yi did not think this was a contradiction to modern people. The Han people believe that "Bu Ju" was written by Qu Yuan, because it comes from Qu Zi's studies. People today deny that Qu Yuan wrote it because the expression form of the article is not like Qu Yuan's own handwriting. As for whether Qu Yuan's question about divination is fact or pretense, I'm afraid it's not the main issue. Most people today think that Sima Qian's "The Biography of Qu Yuan" narrates the questions and answers in "The Fisherman" as a plot process, and Wang Yi's "Chapter of Chu" treats both "The Fisherman" and "Divination" as facts, which is far-fetched. . However, since the two articles were written by "Chu people who knew Qu Yuan's life and thoughts well", then of course they knew what Qu Yuan was doing. Moreover, the matter of asking for divination is also reflected in Qu Yuan's other works. Therefore, to say that this is not a fact, but an artistic technique, may be to judge the ancients by the creative methods of today's people.
This article is famous for its "Divination of Ju". Jiang Ji's "Shandai Pavilion Annotations on Chu Ci" said: "Ju refers to the place where one lives." The place where one lives is what the article talks about. "Where to go?" The ancients used divination to resolve doubts. "Divination" means to use divination to determine what attitude one should adopt towards the real society. At the beginning of this article, when Qu Yuan asked for divination, he said that he was "disturbed and confused, and he didn't know what to do." It seemed that Qu Yuan had an extremely conflicted mentality and didn't know which path to choose in life. However, if we read the sixteen parallel questions and the indignant accusations against the dark reality in one breath, we will understand that the poet uses the form of questions to compare the positive and negative aspects of life. The author's choices are clear at a glance.
His question was not intended to seek an answer. Among all the questions, the intention of seeking "where to go" was not strong. On the contrary, the poet uses metaphors and symbols to distinguish and emphasize the incompatibility between good and evil, beauty and ugliness, expressing his persistence in beauty and abandonment of ugliness. Qu Yuan's emotions flowing in "Divination" are exactly the pain of choice and the pain after the choice. As Jiang Ji said: "The original meaning of "Bu Ju" is that it is forbidden to do evil, and good deeds will not be blessed, so calling it to God is like Ruan Ji crying when he is exhausted." Wang Yi believes that "Bu Ji Ju" "What should be done in this world? I hope to hear different strategies to determine suspicion." This is a misunderstanding that fails to grasp the main purpose of this article. Zhu Xi believed that "Qu Yuan pitied the people of the world and revealed his choices and choices to warn the world" ("Annotations to the Songs of Chu"), which is not very appropriate to the main purpose. This article adopts the form of subject-object question and answer. The narrative at the beginning and end is entirely written in prose. The middle is composed of parallel couples and prose sentences. The rhyme is also relatively free. It is a kind of poetry and prose. The new genre is the forerunner of the Han Fu style of "reciting without singing".