Who does Du Fu mean by scholarly writing?

Shu Xiang in Du Fu's works refers to Shu Han, the prime minister of the Three Kingdoms, and Zhuge Liang (Kong Ming).

Where is the Hall of Fame? In a pine forest near the Silk City. The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves. The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.

Where can I find Zhuge Liang's ancestral temple in Wuhou? In the dense cypress forest on the outskirts of Chengdu. The green grass reflects the stone steps, but it is spring; The oriole separated by leaves is nothing more than a nice sound. In order to unify the world, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage, consulted Zhuge Liang, and assisted the old ministers of two generations of monarchs to be loyal. Unfortunately, he died before he won the final victory, which often makes future heroes feel tears in their skirts!

Shu Xiang's creative background:

According to Qiu's note, Shu Xiang was written by Du Fu in the spring of the first year of Shangyuan (AD 760). In December, 759 (the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong), Du Fu ended his four-year wandering life in Qin Zhou and Tonggu (now Chengxian, Gansu) and, with the support of his friends, settled by Huanhua River in Chengdu. Chengdu used to be the capital of Shu and Han, and there is Zhuge Liang Temple in the northwest of the city, which is called Wuhou Temple. In the spring of the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong (AD 760), he went to Zhuge Wuhou Temple and wrote this touching poem.

In 22 1 year (the first year of Zhangwu in Shu Han Dynasty), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu and appointed Zhuge Liang as prime minister. "Shu Xiang" means the prime minister of Shu Han. This poem entitled "Shu Xiang" was written by Zhuge Liang. Although Du Fu cherished the political ideal of "being a gentleman, being Yao and Shun", his career was bumpy and his ambition could not be displayed. When he wrote the poem Shuxiang, the Anshi rebellion had not subsided. He witnessed the crisis of the country and the loss of life. He volunteered to serve the country and had no choice. Therefore, he admires and respects Zhuge Liang for creating a foundation and saving the current situation.