Formal style:
There are various forms of Tang poetry. There are mainly five-character poems and seven-character poems in Tang Dynasty. There are also two kinds of modern poems, one is called quatrains, and the other is called metrical poems. Quatrains and metrical poems are five words and seven words respectively. Therefore, there are basically six basic forms of Tang poetry: five-character archaic poetry, seven-character archaic poetry, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhythmic poems and seven-character rhythmic poems. Classical poetry has a wide range of requirements for rhyme and meter: in a poem, the number of sentences can be more or less, the chapters can be long or short, and the rhyme can be changed. Modern poetry has strict requirements on rhyme and meter: the number of sentences in a poem is limited, that is, four-line quatrains and eight-line meter poems. The words used in each poem have certain rules, and the rhyme cannot be changed; Rhyme also requires that the middle four sentences become antithesis. The style of ancient poetry is handed down from the previous generation, so it is also called ancient style. Modern poetry has strict rules, so some people call it metrical poetry.
The forms and styles of Tang poetry are colorful and innovative. It not only inherited the tradition of Han and Wei folk songs and Yuefu, but also greatly developed the singing style. It not only inherited the five-character or seven-character ancient poems of the previous generation, but also developed into a long and huge system of narrative romance; It not only expanded the use of five-character and seven-character styles, but also created modern poems with particularly beautiful and neat styles. Modern poetry was a new style of poetry at that time, and its emergence and maturity was an important event in the history of Tang poetry development. It pushed the artistic features of China's ancient poems with harmonious syllables and refined words to an unprecedented height, and found a typical form for ancient lyric poetry, which has been especially loved by people so far. However, the metrical poems in modern poetry are easy to be bound because of their strict metrical restrictions, which is a major defect brought by their advantages.
Faction:
Shanshui Tianyuan school
Representatives: Wang Wei, Meng Haoran,
Features: many themes, green mountains and white clouds, secluded people and hermits; Quiet and elegant style, full of feminine beauty; There are many ancient poems, five verses and five laws in form.
Representative works:
Wang Wei: Autumn Night in a Mountain Residence, Xi Shi Yong, Brothers Silu in a Mountain Residence Holiday, etc.
Meng Haoran: Passing the village for the aged, etc.
frontier fortress poem factions
Representative figures: Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling, Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Li Qi.
Features: Describe the war and battlefield, show the heroic spirit of defending the country, or describe the magnificent frontier scenery and strange customs, or describe the cruelty of war, the darkness of the army and the hardships of garrison, and express the yearning and feelings for national harmony.
Representative works:
Gao Shi: Ge Yanxing, Don't Move Big, Five Poems of Chicken Walking, Cezanne and Xia Sai Qu.
A song "Snow White" sent Tian Shuji Wu home.
Wang Changling: "Out of the Plug"
Li Yi: Join the army and head north.
Wang Zhihuan: Liangzhou Ci
Li qi: ancient meaning
Romantic school of poetry
Representative: Li Bai.
Features: mainly expressing personal feelings, praising the desire and pursuit of personal value in free life. Poetry is free, unrestrained, fluent, imaginative and magnificent. Language advocates nature and opposes carving.
Representative works:
Li Bai: Drinking the Bright Moon Alone, Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Difficult Road to Shu, etc.
School of realistic poetry
Representative: Du Fu.
Features: the artistic style of poetry is gloomy and frustrated, often showing feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Du Fu's realistic style was inherited from the Middle Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty.
Representative works: Three Officials, Three Farewells, Military Vehicle Shop, etc.
Song Ci is a popular literary genre in China in the Song Dynasty. Song Ci is one of the new style poems relative to classical poetry, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of music and harmony, it is also called tune, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry, piano music and so on.
It began in Liang Dynasty, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. According to the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, "Since the beginning of Kaiyuan (the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), singers have mixed songs of Okoyi Lane." Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of China ancient literature, and a fragrant and gorgeous garden in Yuen Long, an ancient literature in China. With colorful and varied charm, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been said to be as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. Later, there was a book with the same name, Song Ci.
Faction:
Elegant school
Representative figure
Liu Yong, Yan Shu, Yan, Zhou Bangyan, Li Qingzhao, Qin Guan, Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying, Li Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Shi Dazu.
magnum opus
Liu Yong: Yulinling (bleak) and Butterfly Lovers (dwelling in a dangerous building)
Yan Shu: Huanxisha (a new song and a glass of wine), Huanxisha (always limited in age)
Yan: Linjiangxian (Linjiangxian, the balcony behind the dream is locked high) and Zhegutian (Yu Zhongqin with colorful sleeves).
Zhou Bangyan: Warrior Lan Ling (Liu Yinzhi) and Hua Lian Zhao Heng who died in battle.
Li Qingzhao: Like a dream (like a dream, always remember the sunset in the pavilion), drunk with flowers (misty clouds make you sad forever) [3]
Wu Wenying: "Preface to Birds" (cold is the wine that deceives diseases), and the wind is loose (listening to the wind and rain) [4].
Qin Guan: Tafloxacin Chenzhou Inn, Queqiaoxian, Huanxisha, Wang Haichao and Shuilongyin.
Jiang Kui: Yangzhou is slow, with apricot flowers and sky shadows, thin shadows and faint fragrance [5]
Li Yu: Welcome, cry at night, make waves, yeah.
Ouyang Xiu: Picking mulberry seeds (it's good after the West Lake blooms), complaining (in the curtain of autumn frost in the morning), walking in the sand (waiting for plum blossoms in the pavilion), searching for mulberry seeds (last January night) and Liang Zhu (how deep the courtyard is).
Shi Dazu: "Shuang Yan, Ming Yan" [6]
main feature
Graceful school is characterized by its content focusing on children's customs. The structure is profound and meticulous, paying attention to the harmony of melody, the language is round and fresh, and there is a gentle beauty. Narrow content. For a long time, characters tend to be gentle and graceful, so people have formed the concept that grace is authentic. Li Houzhu, Liu Yong, Zhou Bangyan and other poets' The Truth of Ci represents this view. Graceful words have long occupied a dominant position in the field of ci. Until the Southern Song Dynasty, a large number of poets such as Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying and Zhang Yan were influenced by it from different aspects.
(usually poetry) a free and powerful style
Representative figure
Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, Zhang,.
magnum opus
Su Shi: Nian Nujiao misses the ancient Red Cliff, when is the bright moon, and Jiangchengzi Mizhou hunts.
Xin Qiji: Give a gift to Chen Tongfu as a souvenir (watching the sword while drunk), never meet each other, reminisce about the past in Gubeiting, Jingkou, touch the fish, and better eliminate several storms, and live in Qingpingle Village.
Lu You: Xie Chi joined the army at the age of 10, visited the palace at night, and remembered his dream, but did not make it [7].
Zhang: He Xinlang (Dream around Shenzhou Road)
Zhang Xiaoxiang: "Song of the Six Kingdoms" (Looking forward to it) [8]
Liu Chenweng: Bingzi, a warrior in Lanling, sent a farewell to spring and fished, and stayed in Xuyun Building in the same year.