Whether in school or in society, everyone is familiar with those catchy ancient poems. Ancient poems in a broad sense refer to all Chinese poems before the Opium War, which are similar to those introduced from the West in modern times. Corresponding to the modern new poetry. So what types of ancient poems are there? The following is an appreciation of the ancient poem "Farewell to the Capital of Wei Wan" compiled by me. You are welcome to read it. I hope you will like it.
"Farewell to the Capital of Wei Wan"
I heard the wanderers singing songs of departure in the morning, and I first crossed the river with a slight frost last night.
The swan geese can't bear to listen to the sorrow, and the situation of Yunshan is like a guest.
The color of the trees in Guancheng is getting colder, and the sound of anvils in the Royal Garden is getting louder towards the evening.
Don't see the happy place of Chang'an, it will make the years easy to be wasted.
Appreciation
This is a farewell poem, and the person being sent away is a junior poet. The first and second lines of the poem imagine the scenery that Wei Wan could see along the way to the capital, which can easily arouse the nostalgia of travelers. The middle four sentences are either lyrical in depicting scenes and narrating, or they are lyrical in depicting scenes and narratives, with clear layers. The last two sentences advise Wei Wan that after arriving in Chang'an, he should not just see it as a place for fun and indulge in it, wasting time, but should seize the opportunity to achieve a career. This expresses the poet's deep affection for Wei Wan. The mood is deep and sad, but it is inspiring.
After Wei Wan changed his name to Wei Hao. He once sought immortality to learn Taoism and lived in seclusion in Wangwu Mountain. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao, because he admired Li Bai's name, he went south to visit Wu and Yue areas, and finally met Li Bai in Guangling, a distance of no less than three thousand miles. Li Bai admired him very much and asked him to compile a collection of his poems. When leaving, I also wrote a long poem to send him off, "Send Wei Wan, a native of Wangwu Mountain, back to Wangwu." Wei Wan was a generation younger than Li Qi, but from the perspective of the poem, the two seemed to have a very close friendship. In his later years, Li Qi lived in Yingyang and often visited Luoyang. This poem may have been written in Luoyang.
At the beginning, "I heard the wanderers singing songs of departure", first talking about Wei Wan's departure, and then using "Last night there was a slight frost to cross the river for the first time" to point out the scene of the previous night, using the brushwork of an inverted halberd. , extremely powerful. "First Crossing the River" personifies frost and depicts the bleak atmosphere of late autumn.
The autumn night is slightly frosty, and the farewell of close friends naturally brings out the word "sorrow". "The wild geese cannot bear to listen to the sorrow" is the second sentence that exaggerates the atmosphere. "The state of Yunshan is like a guest passing by." Continue writing the main title, echoing the first sentence. Wild geese go south in autumn and return north in spring, wandering erratically like travelers. Its chirping sound of wild geese floats from the end of the sky, making people feel melancholy and miserable. Of course, it is even more difficult for people who are full of melancholy. Yunshan is generally a desirable scenery, but for lonely and frustrated people, sitting facing Yunshan, they will feel that the road ahead is uncertain and dejected. This is especially true for wanderers in foreign lands. This is Li Qi using his own mood to understand the other party. The two function words "unbearable" and "the situation is" echo back and forth, back and forth, and are emotional and profound.
In the fifth and sixth sentences, the poet made another affectionate speculation about the travelers: "The trees in Guancheng are getting colder, and the sound of the anvils in the imperial garden is getting louder in the evening." Going west from Luoyang, you have to pass through the ancient Hanguguan Pass and Tongguan Pass. In the cool autumn of September, the vegetation is falling and the atmosphere is desolate, marking the arrival of cold weather. Originally, it is the cold that causes the trees to change color, but the cold is not visible but the color of the trees is visible. It is like the color of the trees brings the cold. Seeing the color of the trees means you know that cold is approaching. It is the color of the trees that brings the cold. The word "urge" makes ordinary scenes emotional and vivid. The number of anvil sounds in the evening is unique to Chang'an. "The moon in Chang'an is accompanied by the sound of thousands of households pounding clothes." However, why the poet did not introduce Chang'an with such scenery as the majestic city gates and the imperial garden and Qinghua University, but only highlighted the "sound of the anvil of the imperial garden", which is thought-provoking. Wei Wan probably had never been to Chang'an before, but Li Qi had visited the capital many times, where he had "squandered money and went bankrupt" and experienced bitter experiences. In these two sentences of speculation, the poet's lifelong emotions are all left unsaid. The six words "calling for the cold approaching" and "xiangwanduo" are opposite each other, implying that time does not wait and the years are easy to grow old, which leads to the last two sentences.
"Don't miss the happy place of Chang'an, the years will be easily wasted." It was purely the tone of an elder, a kind instruction given to Wei Wan. Here, the three characters "Xingle Place" are used to describe Chang'an, which corresponds to the "sound of the anvil in the imperial garden" in the previous two sentences. One is fictitious and the other is real, which exactly expresses the poet's intention. He earnestly warned Wei Wan: Although Chang'an is a "place of pleasure", it is not something that ordinary people can enjoy. Don't waste your precious time easily, seize the opportunity to accomplish something. It can be said that the words are serious and the heart is deep.
This poem is praised by later generations for its ability to refine sentences. The poet interweaves narrative, scene description, and lyricism. For example, the second couplet uses inversion techniques to strengthen and deepen the description. First, "swan geese" and "yunshan" - the objects that come into contact with the senses, and then write "listening in sorrow" and "passing in a guest". This creates emotions from the scenery, conforms to the law of cognition, and can easily arouse people's passion Ming. Similarly, the "colors of trees in Guancheng" and "the sound of anvils in the imperial garden" in the third couplet are images in memory, but they are related to environmental conditions such as climate and time, and are vivid and natural. The words "urge" and "xiang" show the power of careful consideration.
About the author
Li Qi (690-751), Han nationality, native of Dongchuan (now Santai, Sichuan) (disputed), was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. When he was young, he lived in Dengfeng, Henan. In the 13th year of Kaiyuan, he became a Jinshi and served as a minor official in Xinxiang County. His poems are mainly about frontier fortresses, with a bold style, generous and sad, and the seven-character song line is particularly distinctive.