author's brief introduction Lu Xun (1881-1936) was a famous writer, thinker and revolutionary in China. Originally known as Zhou Zhangshou and later changed to Zhou Shuren, Yucai was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province on September 25th, 1881. Born into a declining feudal family. Youth was influenced by the theory of evolution, Nietzsche's superman philosophy and Tolstoy's thought of fraternity. In 192, I went to Japan to study abroad. I studied medicine at Sendai Medical College, and then I worked in literature and art, hoping to change the national spirit. From 195 to 197, he participated in the activities of revolutionaries and published papers such as "The Theory of Moro Poetry" and "The Theory of Cultural Bias". During this period, I went back to China to get married at my mother's order, and my wife Zhu An. In 199, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he translated the Collection of Foreign Novels to introduce foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing. Collection of short stories: Shout, Wandering, New Stories, etc. (The True Story of Ah Q is all included in Shout) Collection of essays: Flowers in the Morning (formerly known as "Reviving the Past") Literary treatise: A Brief History of Chinese Novels; Prose poetry anthology: Weeds, Hometown anthology: A Talk about Foreign Languages: Grave, Hot Wind Collection, Huagai Collection, Huagai Collection Continuation, Huagai Collection Continuation, Nanqiang North Mobilization, Sanxian Collection, Erxin Collection, Just Collection. His "Kite" was included in the textbook of the first semester of junior high school published by People's Education Press, and "From Baicaoyuan to three pools mirroring the moon" and "Social Opera" were included in the textbook of the first semester of junior high school published by People's Education Press. "Social Drama" was included in the textbook of the first year of junior high school in Jiangsu Education Press. From Herb Garden to three pools mirroring the moon has been included in the textbook of the next semester of junior high school grade one published by Jiangsu Education Press, the first lesson of the textbook of junior high school grade one published by People's Education Press and the fifth lesson of the last semester of junior high school preparatory grade published by Shanghai Education Press.
the origin of the pen name
Lu Xun (1881.9.25 ~ 1936.1.19), whose real name was Zhou, was a famous Shuren. The pen name "Lu Xun" has always been interpreted in two ways: one is that the word "Lu" is the surname of Mr. Lu Xun's mother, and the "Luzhen" often mentioned in his novels is. "Xun" is his nickname, so the word "Xun Ge" has also appeared in his novels. Another explanation is that Mr. Xu Shoushang, a close friend of Mr. Wang, said that he personally asked Mr. Lu Xun, and Mr. Wang smiled and said, "Take the meaning of being stupid and quick." This is Mr. Self-deprecating. These two statements, both of which are literally explained, are also in line with Lu Xun's life and both make sense. Recently, a third explanation has been discovered. It is believed that the word "Xun" means wolf in ancient times. For the source, see "Er Ya Shi Beast": "The wolf is extremely powerful and quick." According to this annotation, "Lu Xun" refers to a brave and powerful son of the wolf. The historian Hou Wailu holds this view. He said that Lu Xun was a rebel in feudal society, and his masterpiece "Diary of a Madman" attacked the "cannibalism" system in feudal society. His use of these two words as the name clearly expressed his willingness to pretend to be a "wolf son" and completely break away from the feudal social system. It is said that Hou Wailu's explanation was mentioned to Xu Guangping, the wife of Lu Xun, and Xu Guangping repeatedly praised and agreed. After the Revolution of 1911, he worked as a member of the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government and Beijing Government, and taught in Peking University and Women's Normal University. In May 1918, the diary of a madman, the first vernacular short story in the history of modern literature in China, was published under the pseudonym of Lu Xun for the first time, which laid the foundation stone of the new literature movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he took part in the work of New Youth magazine and became the leader of the May 4th New Culture Movement. From 1918 to 1926, he successively created and published novel collections, such as Scream and Wandering, recalling prose poetry collection, prose collection, essays collection, grave, southern accent and northern mobilization, three leisure collections, two hearts collection, and just collection. Among them, The True Story of Ah Q, a novella published in December 1921, is an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern literature in China. In August 1926, he was wanted by the Beiyang warlord government for supporting the patriotic movement of Beijing students, and went south to Xiamen University as the head of the Chinese Department. In January 1927, he went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and served as the academic director of Sun Yat-sen University. He arrived in Shanghai in October 1927 and began to live with his student Xu Guangping. In 1929, his son Zhou Haiying was born. Since 193, he has participated in China Freedom Movement League, China Left-wing Writers League and China Civil Rights Protection League successively to resist the dictatorship and political persecution of the Kuomintang government. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works and a large number of essays in the collection of historical novels, which were collected in Just Collection, Three Idle Collections, Two-hearted Collection, Southern Tune and Northern Mobilization, Pseudo-free Book, Quasi-wind and Moon Talk, Lace Literature and Qijieting Essays. Lu Xun's life has made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings: he led and supported literary groups such as the "Unnamed Society" and the "Chaohua Society"; Editor-in-chief of the National New Newspaper Supplement (B), Mangyuan, Yusi, Running, Germination, Translation and other literary periodicals; Enthusiastic care and active training of young authors; Vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; Collect, study and sort out a large number of classical literature, compile A Brief History of Chinese Novels, Outline of Chinese Literature History, sort out Ji Kangji, and compile Miscellaneous Records of Old Books in Huiji County, Ancient Novels Hooked with Shen, Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties, and Old News of Novels, which died of tuberculosis in Shanghai on October 19, 1936. Tens of thousands of people in Shanghai spontaneously held public sacrifices. In 1956, Lu Xun's body was buried in Hongkou Park, and Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for the reconstructed Lu Xun's tomb. In 1938, The Complete Works of Lu Xun (2 volumes) was published. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the translations of Lu Xun's works have been compiled into Complete Works of Lu Xun (1 volumes), Translated Works of Lu Xun (1 volumes), Diary of Lu Xun (2 volumes) and Letters of Lu Xun, and various ancient books edited by Lu Xun have been reprinted. In 1981, The Complete Works of Lu Xun (sixteen volumes) was published. Luxun Museum and Memorial Hall have been established successively in Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing, Guangzhou and Xiamen. Dozens of novels, essays, poems and essays by Lu Xun were selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. The novels Blessing, The True Story of Ah Q and Medicine have been adapted into movies. Lu Xun's works enrich the treasure house of world literature, and have been translated into more than 5 languages, including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French, German, Arabic and Esperanto, and have a wide audience all over the world.
three pools mirroring the moon
The original name of "three pools mirroring the moon" is "Sanyu Bookstore" and "Sanyu": in winter, people are in their spare time, in the night, they are in their spare time, and in rainy days, they are in their spare time. "Three flavors": reading is too thick soup, history is miscellaneous, and children are acyl sugars (x Ι h ? i). Three pools mirroring the moon is a famous private school in Shaoxing in the late Qing Dynasty, located at No.11, Fangkou, Duchang. Three pools mirroring the moon is a small drawing room with three bays, which was originally the study of Shoujia. Sitting east facing west, facing the river in the north, facing the Zhoujia Laotaimen across the river. Lu Xun studied here at the age of 12 to 17.
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There is a big garden behind my house, which is called Herb Garden according to legend. Now it has been sold to the descendants of Zhu Wengong with the house. Even the last meeting has been separated by seven or eight years, and it seems that there are only some weeds. But it was my paradise then. Needless to say, green vegetable beds, smooth stone wells, tall acacia trees and purple mulberries; Needless to say, cicadas are singing in the leaves, fat wasps are crouching on cauliflower, and the swift call to the son of heaven (lark) suddenly rushes from the grass to the sky. Just around the short mud wall, there is infinite interest. Oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here. Turn over the broken bricks and sometimes meet centipedes; There is also Mylabris. If you hold down its spine with your fingers, it will smack and spray a puff of smoke from the back. The vines of Polygonum multiflorum and Manglietia are intertwined, Manglietia has the fruit of lotus house, and Polygonum multiflorum has bloated roots. Some people say that the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb are human-shaped, and they can become immortals after eating them. So I often pull them up, and I am constantly involved in pulling them up, and I have broken the mud wall because of this, but I have never
seen a piece of roots that look like human beings in three pools mirroring the moon, Lu Xun's alma mater (11 pieces). If you are not afraid of thorns, you can also pick raspberries, which are like small balls made of coral beads. They are sour and sweet, and their color and taste are far better than mulberry. You can't go in the long grass, because it is said that there is a big red snake in this garden. My eldest mother once told me a story: Once upon a time, a scholar lived in an ancient temple and worked hard. At night, while enjoying the cool in the yard, he suddenly heard someone calling him. I promised, but when I looked around, I saw a beautiful woman's face exposed on the wall, smiled at him and disappeared. He is very happy; But the old monk who came to talk at night saw through the organ. Said that there was something evil in his face, and he must have met the "beautiful snake"; This is a monster with a human head and a snake body. It can call people's names. If it is promised, it will come to eat this person's meat at night. Naturally, he was scared to death, but the old monk said it was all right and gave him a small box, saying that as long as he put it on his pillow, he could lie on his pillow. Although he still does it, he always can't sleep-of course he can't sleep. In the middle of the night, sure enough, Sasha Vujacic! It sounds like rain and wind outside the door. While he was shaking into a ball, he heard a clear sound. A golden light flew out of the pillow, and there was no sound outside. The golden light also flew back and was collected in the box. What happened afterwards? Later, the old monk said, this is a flying centipede. It can suck the brain of the snake, and the beautiful snake was killed by it. The last lesson is: so if a strange voice calls your name, you must never promise him. This story makes me feel the danger of being a human being. I am often worried about enjoying the cool in summer nights, afraid to look at the wall, and I really want to get a box of flying centipedes like the old monk. I often think so when I walk next to the grass in the Herbal Garden. But until now, I haven't got it, but I haven't met the red snake and the beautiful snake. Strange voices calling my name are natural, but they are not beautiful snakes. Herbal gardens in winter are tasteless; When it snows, it will be different. Shooting a snowman (printing one's full figure on the snow) and modeling a snow arhat need people's appreciation. This is a deserted garden, so it is not suitable, so we have to catch birds. Thin snow is not enough; It's always necessary to cover the ground with snow for a day or two, when the birds have nowhere to feed for a long time. Sweep away a piece of snow, expose the ground, use a short stick to set up a big bamboo screen, sprinkle some chaff under it, and tie a long rope on the stick. People hold it at a distance and watch the birds come down to peck. When they reach the bottom of the bamboo screen, they pull the rope and cover it. However, most of them are sparrows, and there are also "flying birds" with white cheeks. They are very impatient and can't keep them overnight. This is the method taught by Runtu's father, but I can't use it very well. Obviously, I saw them go in, pulled the rope and ran to have a look, but there was nothing. It took me a long time to catch only three or four. Runtu's father can catch dozens of them in half a day and put them in fork bags, screaming and bumping. I once asked him the reasons for his gains and losses, and he only laughed quietly: "You are too impatient to wait for it to go to the middle." I don't know why my family sent me to the bookstore, and it is called the most severe bookstore in the city. Maybe it's because Polygonum multiflorum Thunb destroyed the mud wall, maybe it's because the brick was thrown to Liang's house in the partition, maybe it's because I jumped off the stone well fence ... I don't know. All in all: I won't be able to go to the Herb Garden often. Ade, my crickets! Ade, my raspberries and Manglietia! ..... Go out to the east, not half a mile, and walk across a stone bridge, which is my husband's home. Go in through a black bamboo door, and the third room is the study. There is a plaque in the middle: three pools mirroring the moon; Below the plaque is a picture of a fat sika deer crouching under an old tree. Without Confucius memorial tablet, we would salute the plaque and deer. The first time is to worship Confucius, and the second time is to worship Mr. When he saluted for the second time, Mr. Wang kindly responded by the side. He is a tall and thin old man with gray hair and big glasses. I am very respectful to him, because I have heard that he is a square, simple and knowledgeable person in this city. I don't know where I heard it, and Dong Fangshuo is also very knowledgeable. He knows a kind of insect called "Strange", which is melted by grievances and dispelled by pouring it with wine. I really want to know the story in detail, but Ah Chang doesn't know it because she is not knowledgeable after all. Now you have a chance, you can ask sir. "Sir,' strange' this worm, what's going on? ..... "I went to the book, and when I was about to retire, I quickly asked. I don't know! He seems very unhappy and angry on his face. I just know that being a student should not ask these things, as long as I study, because he is a profound scholar, and he will never be ignorant. The so-called ignorant person is unwilling to say. People older than me are often like this, and I have met them several times. I just read, practice calligraphy at noon and have classes at night. At first, Mr. Wang was very strict with me these days, but later he got better, but he gradually read more books and added words to the class, from three words to five words, and finally to seven words There is also a garden behind three pools mirroring the moon. Although it is small, you can climb the flower bed to fold wintersweet blossoms and look for cicadas on the ground or on osmanthus trees. The best job is to catch flies and feed them to ants, and there is no sound quietly. However, the classmates went to the garden too much and for too long, but it was no good. Mr. Wang shouted in the study: "Where have all the people gone!" " People will walk back one by one; It's no good going back together. He has a ruler, but it is not commonly used, and there are rules for kneeling, but it is also not commonly used. Ordinary people just stare a few times and loudly say, "Read!" So everyone opened their throats and read a book for a while. It was really buzzing. Some people read "Benevolence is far from me, and I want to be benevolent", some read "Laughing at people's teeth and saying that dogs are full of teeth", some read "Don't use it when going up to the nine hidden dragons", and some read "Going up to the wrong place in the earth and going up to the wrong place, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake, making a mistake Later, our voices went down and quieted down. Only he read aloud: "The iron is as good as it is, the conductor is charming, and you are surprised when you sit down;" Jin Yiluo, dripping wet upside down, a thousand cups are not drunk ... "I suspect this is an excellent article, because when I read this, he always smiles, and lifts his head, shakes it, bends back and bends over. When Mr. Wang is absorbed in reading, it is very suitable for us Some of them put paper armor on their nails for a play. I am a painter, and I use a kind of paper called "Jingchuan Paper" to trace it on the Xiu Xiang of the novel one by one, just like the shadow writing when I am studying Chinese characters. The more books you read, the more pictures you draw; The book has not been read, but there are many achievements in painting. The most fragmented ones are Dangkou Zhi and Dangkou Zhi.