What is the reason for the prosperity of Tang poetry?

Generally speaking, the prosperity of Tang literature has its political, economic and cultural reasons: the prosperity of Tang poetry depends on the prosperous social economy and stable political environment. The imperial examination system of selecting scholars by poetry contributed to the poetic style of feudal literati. Based on the ideal of making contributions, poets in the Tang Dynasty critically inherited the tradition of China's poetry, and constantly brought forth the old and brought forth the new, which formed the internal reason for the prosperity of Tang poetry. \x0d The developed economy in Tang Dynasty laid a solid material foundation for the prosperity of Tang poetry. Historically, China in the Tang Dynasty was a big country in China, and the Tang Dynasty was a peak in the development of feudal society. Such a prosperous economy provides the necessary conditions for art and other things. The loose political policy implemented in the Tang Dynasty also played a very important role in the prosperity of poetry. A series of policies and measures implemented by the rulers, such as the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, opening up the way, and selecting scholars by poetry, are another social reason for the prosperity of Tang poetry. \x0d The Tang Dynasty attached great importance to poetry, and so did Tang Gaozong. Pay more attention to the fact that poets seldom make literary works sensational. The relatively poor historical accumulation laid a good foundation for the rule of Tang poetry. Before the Tang Dynasty, although there were poems such as The Book of Songs, Songs of Chu, Chen Gong and Liang, there were no peaks to look up to. You can draw with white paper as you like, with no scruples. In this way, future generations will be like Mount Tai, and you will have a sense of unity in front of you. Mr. Lu Xun once said that there was no poem after Tang Dynasty. \x0d Reasons for the prosperity of Tang poetry \ x0d( 1) Social factors from the early Tang Dynasty to the Anshi Rebellion, the country was strong and the economy was rich, and officials in the imperial court feasted and recited poems for peace. However, with the reunification of the country and the unimpeded traffic between the north and the south, scholars have the opportunity to enjoy the great mountains and rivers of the motherland and stimulate poetry. Singing poetry has become a fashion. As for the disaster of the buffer region after the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty suffered from foreign invasion because of the decline of the Tang Dynasty, so that most poets left the chaos and provided them with rich living materials and thorns. The feelings of inspiring literary creation can be expressed through poetry, which also promoted the development of Tang poetry. X0d(2) Political factors/monarchs advocated that several powerful emperors in the Tang Dynasty not only loved music, but also strongly advocated it. Gaozong and Wuhou often wrote new words for Yuefu. Xuanzong was even more popular. He is a poet himself. Musicians and actresses' love for arty literature and art has a certain stimulating effect on the development of literature and art. In addition, in the Tang Dynasty, poetry became a shortcut for literati to obtain official positions, which played an important role in strengthening the training of poetry skills and popularizing poetry. X0d(3) The evolution of poetic style/the development of literature itself has accumulated rich creative experience for Tang poetry from the pre-Qin Book of Songs, Chu Ci and Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty, to the creation of nineteen ancient poems in Jian 'an, Zhengshi and Jin Dynasty, and then to the proposal and application of the theory of temperament in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Six Dynasties, quatrains, a new poetic style, began to take shape. In the Tang Dynasty, the social life became more and more complicated, the poet's thoughts and feelings became richer, and the new content of poetry creation needed new forms. Poets in the Tang Dynasty only used new forms to express their thoughts, which made these new poems mature in form, rhythm and rhetoric. X0d(4) The vividness of ideology and culture/the influence of other arts on the development of poetry. The development of Tang poetry is obviously influenced by other arts. Music, sculpture, dance and painting in the Tang Dynasty absorbed foreign influences on the basis of China tradition, which had a positive influence and inspiration on the content and style of poetry. For example, Wang Wei's landscape poetry is called "painting in poetry", which is obviously influenced by landscape painting. As for the descriptions of Li Jie, Cen Can, Du Fu and others. Dancing and painting poems can show the spirit of the times that writers dare to accept new things. \x0d(5) The application value of poetry in the society of the Tang Dynasty has been improved unprecedentedly, such as inviting dignitaries to use it, sending envoys and using poetry. There are excellent works from emperors, nobles, literati, bureaucrats to Taoist priests and geisha, which is related to the improvement of the application value of poetry. \x0d The Development of Tang Poetry \ X0d The preface to Hua Shi Hua says: "There must be an early, prosperous, middle and late Tang poetry in the world." Tang poetry is divided into four periods, which is roughly in line with the development of Tang poetry: \ X0d( 1) Overview of the development of early Tang poetry. In the early Tang dynasty, the poetry scene was still dominated by Qi and Liang dynasties, full of court works that praised and praised. At that time, Shangguan Yi's poems characterized by "strangeness and charm" were imitated by people and called "official style". Four outstanding poets, such as Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo, began to break through the barriers of court literature and reverse the ups and downs of poetic style. Although they did not get rid of all the kind words in form, they laid the foundation of the five laws and developed the seven-character song. Shen Quanqi and the early Song Dynasty created a large number of poems about "Shen", but after being relegated, the poetic style changed, showing the true feelings, which made an important contribution to the finalization of regular poems. Chen Ziang was the first writer in the Tang Dynasty who borrowed the poetic style of Han and Wei Dynasties to oppose the poetic style of Qi and Liang Dynasties. Focusing on the Five Dynasties, his poems created many articles that reflected reality and touched on current politics, thus overthrowing the dominant position of formalism in poetry circles since the Six Dynasties. X0d(2) Overview of the Development of Tang Poetry During the years of Kaiyuan and Tianbao in Tang Dynasty, the Tang poetry with unprecedented economic prosperity and national strength also reached its peak at this time. In addition, the four great poets in the early Tang Dynasty, Shen Quanqi and Song, pushed their poetry creation to a mature stage. Their works are rich in content and diverse in style, mainly including Wang Wei and Meng Haoran's landscape poetry school. Li Bai's Romantic School and Du Fu's Social Realism School are Gao Shi's frontier poets. This school of poets, represented by Meng Haoran and Wang Wei, are mostly influenced by Buddhism and seclusion. After they were frustrated in the officialdom, they retired to the countryside and sought a quiet and leisurely spiritual life. They artistically combined Tao Yuanming's poems with Xie Lingyun's meticulous poems, and pursued a quiet style with both form and spirit, meaning and expression. The avant-garde poetry school represented by Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling and Li Qi has also made outstanding achievements. Their works depict the magnificent frontier scenery of the motherland, express heroic aspirations and sympathy for the conscripts outside the Great Wall, and expose and condemn the militaristic tactics of the rulers and in my heart forever's grief over the conscripts. The poetic style is bold and unrestrained, characterized by romanticism. The seven-character method is vivid and sublime. Li Bai is a representative of romantic poets. His poems mainly praise the rangers and immortals, the magnificent nature, and show the rebellious spirit of despising vulgarity and resisting strong resistance. The greatest feature of his works is that he has created vivid artistic images and unparalleled diverse styles. He used bold and unpredictable techniques and lines to describe his impressions and feelings. Li Bai can boldly use folk language to accommodate the people. The style of songs rarely embellishes the recent nature. The themes of Du Fu's poems are mostly political rise and fall, social unrest, hunger and cold, and war corvee, which reflects the situation of Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. Du Fu's ideological feature is that he absorbed the spirit of "a long way to go" of Confucianism and was sympathetic to people's feelings. He has the thought of "worrying about the country and the people" and always pays attention to society and people's livelihood with his heart. Du Fu inherited it. According to the tradition of Han Yuefu, the new Yuefu poems describing the sufferings of people's livelihood got rid of the habit of literati always using the old Yuefu poems. His modern poems emphasize the antithesis of rhythm, while the poetic language is vigorous and powerful, paying attention to hammering words and refining sentences. Modern poetry matured when it reached Du Fu. X0d(3) Overview of the development of Tang poetry in China This is a period of decline and revival of Tang poetry. The main characteristics of literature in this period are the decline of romanticism and the further development and maturity of realism. Bai Juyi's school of new Yuefu poetry, including Zhang Ji, Wang Jian, Yuan Zhen, Li Shen, etc., inherited Du Fu's fine tradition of "being famous", created a large number of new Yuefu poems that reflected the sufferings of the people and attacked various drawbacks, and set off a new Yuefu movement. The poets of Han and Mongolia, represented by Meng Jiao, deliberately sought novelty in art, developed Du Fu's technique of "taking prose as poetry", absorbed the fantastic ideas and magnificent colors of Li Bai's poems, and showed their strangeness, strangeness, elegance and charm.