"Knowing people and discussing the world" is the premise of in-depth study of ancient poetry, which is helpful to understand the feelings conveyed by poetry, the artistic conception expressed by poetry, and the image created by poetry, and is the starting point for interpreting ancient poetry. In China's ancient poetry, the image of the lyric hero is mostly the poet's self-image, or indirectly, more or less with the poet's shadow. In the teaching process of classical poetry, we should interpret ancient poetry from the perspective of knowing people and discussing the world, and guide students to accurately understand and grasp the situation of poetry.
The preparation before class mainly includes the following contents: first, read the pronunciation of each word with reference books to understand the meaning of the word; Second, use students' existing books or borrow relevant books from the school library to understand the relevant writing background; Third, use network resources or ask adults; Fourth, the teacher provides some related card materials and so on; This kind of preparation before class not only lays the foundation for the next step of learning ancient poetry, but also cultivates the quality of students' active learning.
Step 2: Stimulate interest introduction.
First of all, we should stimulate primary school students' interest in learning, stimulate their desire to learn, and make classroom teaching interesting, orderly and smooth. There are many ways to stimulate interest in the teaching of ancient poetry. As long as we skillfully use them, stimulate students' interest and activate their thinking, our classroom teaching will be vivid and charming! In the teaching practice of ancient poetry for many years, the author has accumulated some methods that can effectively improve students' interest in learning and increase the quality of ancient poetry.
First, reveal the way to stimulate interest in the topic: guide students to find the right eye and find out the meaning of the topic. "Giving students the right to speak" not only cultivates students' oral expression ability and listening and speaking ability, but also understands the meaning of the topic, making preparations for understanding the contents of ancient poems, and the effect will be better. This kind of teaching will lay the foundation for efficient classroom.
2. Music incentive method: create a situational atmosphere through music, let students immerse themselves in the situation, induce thinking, overcome the tension and boredom in learning, and feel the fun of learning.
Third, telling stories to stimulate interest: properly inserting some stories or legends related to the teaching content in the teaching of ancient poetry can stimulate students' interest in learning. These stories or legends are full of twists and turns, touching and fascinating, which are easy to generate emotional voices in students' hearts and deepen their understanding and sentiment of poetry.
Fourth, methods to stimulate the interest in performance: We should fully mobilize students' existing knowledge and life experience, and try our best to make the picture "move" and "live" so as to deepen students' understanding of ancient poetry. In teaching, teachers can inspire and guide students to imagine what people in poetry will think, say and do after dredging words and phrases. Then, let the students perform with simple props on this basis, and the teacher finally gives an evaluation, and the effect is quite good.
Step 3: Query the first reading.
The teaching of ancient poetry in primary schools should focus on reading. In the teaching of each ancient poem, students should first be allowed to read the poem freely and pay attention to the pronunciation of each word. Read each other at the same table, according to the teacher's name and other forms, and check whether the students' pronunciation is correct. In this link, the teacher can model appropriately. Whether you understand it or not, just believe that "if you read a book a hundred times, its meaning will show itself" and read it like this. Because the most effective way to learn all languages is to have more contact, and the most straightforward way to cultivate culture is to cultivate.
At the same time, in this link, teach students how to understand ancient poetry and cultivate the spirit of cooperation. Ask the students to underline the words they don't understand on the basis of reading aloud. After asking questions, let the students discuss in groups. Then let the students communicate more and comment more. The understanding of the key words of the whole poem to the understanding of the meaning of the whole poem is completely the reading of students since since the enlightenment. Teachers only play the role of organizing, guiding and guiding, and help students sum up several ways to understand key words: looking up dictionaries, linking poems, reading after-school notes, looking at illustrations, and asking others ... In short, students can understand ancient poetry through questioning and discussion.
Step 4: Recite and understand.
"Chinese Curriculum Standard" requires that when guiding students to learn ancient poetry, they should "read ancient poetry and consciously improve their appreciation taste and aesthetic taste in the process of accumulation, perception and application." Therefore, in teaching, we should wave the paddle of "reading and feeling" and swim freely in the ocean of poetry, and we will certainly find many beautiful pearls.
First, learning poetry, reading is the key, but also the basis of sentiment.
Second, experience emotion in reading aloud.
Third, deepen the emotion in the situation.
Step 5: Expand and extend.
Students expand reading and open a new window for extracurricular reading. When students have a certain accumulation, they can jump out of textbooks to teach poetry. Students' taste is improving step by step, which makes them feel that what they know in classical literature is just a drop in the ocean, thus stimulating their stronger desire to learn. When teaching ancient poetry, we should seize the opportunity to extend it appropriately, expand the reading area and expand the storage capacity. There are poems in poetry, and there are poems outside poetry. The combination of poetry and related poems can not only deepen the understanding of the original textbook, but also enrich and expand the learning content, which is also the common feature of classical poetry teaching. The so-called poetry has poetry, not simply many articles, winning by quantity. Instead, on the basis of in-depth study of the text and excavation of its artistic conception, emotion and language characteristics, relevant poems are collected and carefully selected, which are organically integrated, quoted each other and complement each other in the process of learning poems.
First, extend the works with the same theme
Second, extend the works with the same theme.
Third, extend the works of the same poet.
Fourth, broaden the theme.
Five, painting, to reproduce the artistic conception.