This is the cutting-edge masterpiece of the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard (1884- 1963). He is not only a philosopher, but also an excellent literary critic and poetry theorist. He is the founder of French new epistemology. He is a master who was born in poverty and didn't go to college. He became the banner of a generation of ideological circles by self-study.
& lt& lt water and dreams >> is his important poetic theory, which has great influence in Europe and America. Based on the four material elements of "fire-water-soil-air", he established a dream poetics by using imagination theory and new epistemology, combined with his rich knowledge of natural science. He pointed out that the philosophical theory of imagination should first study the relationship between material causality and formal causality. The image of poetry is also a kind of material. Any poetics should accept the material.
. & lt& lt Tracker's Poems >:>
Georg Tracker (1887- 19 14), the secret holder of the German crown, is regarded as the most important and influential German poet in the first half of the 20th century. The tracker committed suicide in a field hospital during World War I. In his short life, he created a unique style.
& lt& lt collection of poems >> It contains all the important poems he wrote in his life.
This man, the ecstatic prophet,
Singing by the fallen wall,
The wind of God swallowed his voice.
Ah, the happiness of death. ''
-Trakel
& lt& lt blade of grass >>
Walt whitman (18 19- 1892) is an epoch-making American poet. Leaves of Grass is the only collection of poems in walt whitman's life, and it is also a classic in the history of American poetry. The first edition of Leaves of Grass is very thin, only 95 pages, including a preface and 12 poems. There is a bronze statue of Whitman at the front of the scroll: an ordinary young worker, wearing a flannel open shirt, wearing a wide-brimmed hat and a short beard on his mouth, with his right hand in his waist and his left hand in his trouser pocket, standing there casually (today).
The first edition of Leaves of Grass printed 1000 copies, and none of them were sold. Whitman gave them all away. However, few people seem willing to accept his kindness. The book he sent to John Greenleaf Whittier was simply thrown into the fire, and Longfellow, Lowell, Holmes and others also dismissed it. These accomplished poets obviously think that the carpenter's son, who looks as rough as his poems, is not qualified to be their peers at all.
. Freedom is a major feature of Leaves of Grass. Whitman argues that in order to describe the laws of the universe and its creativity and richness, traditional poetic conventions, such as rhyme and meter, must be avoided. Therefore, his poems are uninhibited, unrestrained and uninhibited, and are completely free from the limitations of traditional poetic methods. His poems are very close to spoken and prose poems, with no rhythm, no regular stress and rhythm. He regards American language as the raw material of a brand-new poetic form. The purpose of his poetry writing is to express his thoughts and feelings, not the beauty of the form of poetry. In his view, "the best poetry is the most perfect thing-the beauty of ears, brain, soul, time and place."
"Reading Life" Author: Teng Hao Life is a process, life is an experience, and human beings lament from generation to generation that life is short and fleeting. "Why people live" and "how to live" are the themes that human beings will always think about. Wise predecessors often leave to future generations not property or money, but the truth of life, so human understanding of life is accumulated and enriched from generation to generation. Today, although social changes are changing with each passing day, the way of thinking and the concept system of human beings are constantly being updated, but for us, these principles of life are valuable spiritual wealth accumulated in the process of constant self-understanding. This book is a collection of essays and essays about life by dozens of famous philosophers, thinkers, writers and artists. These cultural masters are knowledgeable, combine Chinese and western cultures, have rich and profound life experiences, and have many incisive opinions on life issues. Masters discussed life and humanity in detail from two aspects of life experience and philosophy, emphasizing self-cultivation and recalling the realm of life. This book reproduces the brave struggle, self-improvement and positive outlook on life of the masters; And love for life, sincere pursuit of life goals, unique insights and profound understanding of life. We are in an era of too much desire, too much information and too many theories. What we lack is a thorough understanding of the mind and spirit. By reading these works full of philosophy of life, we will get real enlightenment and simple shock; The meaning of life lies not in what you have, but in what you experience from it. In this way, we can forge our emotions and hearts between the brevity of life and the eternity of existence, and have real value and real happiness.
Essays on Paris Author: Liu Ming Nine Books Content: On the second day of our arrival in Paris, Mr. Mathieu, the head of the reception desk of the Department of Culture and Science of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, told us that in addition to the schedule we hoped to arrange, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs would also entertain us for some tours, including visiting the old castle on the Loire River.
There are many castles on the Loire, which I have known for a long time. They are the oldest cultural relics in France. They not only attract tourists from France and all over the world with their beautiful scenery and ancient buildings, but also arouse people's thinking with their colorful history and legends. ……