The ancient poems in primary school Chinese textbooks are rich and colorful, some depict beautiful and charming natural scenery, some describe the sadness of friends leaving, some express the poet's patriotic feelings, and some carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture ... Different poems often reflect a variety of social life, which is the condensation of social life. Pupils can not only expand their knowledge and broaden their horizons, but also receive ideological and moral education, which is conducive to the formation and shaping of students' good personality. For example, by studying the poem "Mohe", students can deeply understand the hardships of farmers' uncles in farming and the hard-won food, so as to achieve the educational purpose of letting students cherish food from an early age. Another example is Meng Jiao's Ode to a Wanderer, which describes a touching scene of a mother sewing clothes for her son who is about to travel far away. By learning this poem, students really feel the greatness and selflessness of maternal love, thus arousing students' respect, gratitude and filial piety to their parents. For another example, the immortal phrase "Young people don't work hard, but old people are sad" in a long song line always warns students to cherish time and not to waste it.
2. Accumulate good words and sentences and develop language ability.
The basic task of Chinese teaching in primary schools is to cultivate students' ability to understand and use Chinese correctly. Literature is the art of language. Learning excellent literary works can effectively improve students' language ability. The language of poetry is concise and implicit, which is a model of using language and an excellent material for students to learn language. Different dynasties, different poets, different language styles: plain and simple, gorgeous and gorgeous, euphemistic and implicit, tragic and generous, magnificent and bold, or depressed and frustrated. No matter which style, it can infect and edify students. For example, in Qing Ping Le Cun Ju, the poet focuses on his naughty and lovely little son, who likes the death of his child the most, and the lotus leaves are peeled at the head of the stream. Among them, the word "death" is skillfully used with derogatory meaning, which describes the naughty children, while "favorite" expresses the poet's love for children, which is due to the childish state of children. For another example, in Li Bai's To Wang Lun, the poem "The Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, so it is better for Wang Lun to give it to me", the poet uses the method of contrast to turn the intangible friendship into the tangible thousands of feet Pond, vividly expressing Wang Lun's sincere and profound friendship for Li Bai. For students, it is undoubtedly very important to read more such poems to imitate and learn from beautiful literary language and improve their language expression ability.
3. Cultivate imagination and expand thinking.
Many inventions and creations of mankind are inseparable from imagination. It can be said that human beings have no imagination, just like birds have lost their wings, and human society cannot progress. Einstein emphasized: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world and promotes progress." Einstein's words remind us that we must attach great importance to the cultivation of students' imagination in teaching. Famous poems and sentences profoundly reflect social life, express emotions in refined language, and are highly generalized and leaping, leaving students with huge space for thinking and imagination. Therefore, ancient poetry is a good material to cultivate students' imagination and expand their thinking. As a Chinese teacher, we should seize every opportunity in the teaching of ancient poetry and take various forms to give students the wings of imagination and let them appreciate the beautiful taste or profound thoughts and feelings in poetry. Through years of exploration, I have summed up the following methods for your reference: observing illustrations and expanding imagination; You can tell stories and enrich your imagination; Can grasp the blank and guide the imagination; You can also draw pictures according to the text to expand your imagination; It can also play a role in creating imagination.
4. Cultivate sentiment and improve aesthetic ability
Literature education is a kind of aesthetic education, which casts an aesthetic mind through literary accomplishment. China's classical poetry is an elegant spiritual culture, which is of great significance to purify students' minds, improve their quality and cultivate their aesthetic ability. For primary school students, because they are still young and have not formed a complete aesthetic system, sometimes they can't make correct judgments about good and bad, right and wrong, good and evil, beauty and ugliness, and the teaching of ancient poetry just makes up for this. Ancient poetry is a combination of beauty of color, beauty of picture, beauty of phonology, beauty of artistic conception, beauty of writing and beauty of philosophy, which has special aesthetic functions. In fact, the teaching process of ancient poetry in primary schools is the process of students' aesthetic appreciation and self-improvement. "Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets soaring into the sky" endows this poem with rich painting meaning through the combination of various colors. The four colors of yellow, emerald, white and cyan are patchy, and students really feel the bright and beautiful pictures in the process of chanting. "Friends and relatives in Luoyang ask each other, and there is a piece of ice in the jade pot" writes the poet's simple, honest, pure and selfless character. "I am not afraid of being crushed to pieces, but I want to remain innocent in the world" expresses the poet's determination to be loyal to the country, not afraid of sacrifice and stick to purity. The students' analysis of these famous sentences through the ages in the ocean of poetry has undoubtedly injected a clear spring into their spiritual world, which not only cultivated their sentiment, but also infiltrated their character and invisibly improved their aesthetic ability.
In a word, excellent ancient poetry is a treasure in chinese heritage, an important resource for primary education and an inexhaustible wealth for us. As a Chinese teacher, we should constantly enrich ourselves, strive to improve our literary accomplishment, adopt scientific and effective means to lead students into the sacred temple of ancient poetry, let students know the infinite charm of China's ancient poetry, enhance national pride, and thus stimulate students' infinite enthusiasm for learning classical poetry.