1. Sequential list (serial number/title/name//number of years in office and time in power):
Qin Xianggong (? - 766 BC), surnamed Qin, Qinzhuang Ming Kai, the second son of the Duke, was the first Qin monarch to be officially listed as a prince during the Spring and Autumn Period. He reigned from 778 BC to 766 BC.
In 778 BC, Duke Zhuang of Qin was killed by Yinjiang. His eldest son Shifu led the army to fight against the Indians and gave up his position as king to Qin Xianggong. At that time, Qin's national power was weak and the emperor's army was almost destroyed. When Qin Xianggong ascended the throne, his sister Miao Ying married Ren Rong and Wang Feng to divide Ren Rong. In 776 BC, Qin Xianggong moved the capital to Huyi (now Longxian County, Shaanxi Province) and marched eastward.
In 771 BC, Marquis Shen and Quan Rong attacked Haojiang, killed him at the foot of Lishan Mountain, and led his troops to rescue Zhou. When Zhou Ping moved eastward, Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort him and grant him the title of feudal lord. After moving eastward, the land west of Qishan was given to Qin, which was beyond the control of the royal family. From then on, the Qin State became a vassal state in the Western Zhou Dynasty, laying the foundation for the future strength of the Qin State.
In 766 BC, Qin Xianggong died on the way to conquer Xirong and was buried in his hometown (Dabaozi Mountain, Li County, Gansu Province). His son Qin Wengong succeeded him.
Qin Degong (710 BC - 676 ??BC), whose surname is Qin, has his name on the family tree. He is the second son, the younger brother of Duke Wu of Qin, and the younger brother of Qin, the monarch of Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period. , reigned from 677 BC to 676 BC.
In 678 BC, Duke Wu of Qin died, and his son Bai was sealed in Pingyang (southwest of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province today). He failed, but his brother Qin Degong succeeded.
In 677 BC, Qin Degong moved the capital of the Qin State to Yongcheng (today's Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), and sacrificed three hundred cattle, sheep, and pigs to heaven and earth to divine whether Yongcheng was suitable for living. The result of divination is that future generations drink horses by the Yellow River. In the same year, the monarch of Liang Herui came to the court.
In 676 BC, dogs were first sacrificed at four gates of the city to ward off the scorching heat that spread disease.
Qin Degong had three sons, the eldest son Qin, the second son Qin Chenggong, the youngest son. 676 years ago, Duke De of Qin died and was buried in Yang. The eldest son Qin Gongxuan succeeded to the throne.
Qin Gong Hui (? - 387 BC), whose surname was Zhao, has his name on his genealogy to distinguish him from Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Generally speaking, it is also known as Hou, Qin's son Qin, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States period, who reigned for 13 years (399-387 BC).
During the reign of Gong Hui, the "Four Generations of Rebellion" in Qin ended. Qin lost the territory in Hexi, but also captured Nanzheng (today's Hanzhong) of Shu. Qin died after completing his great feats in Hanzhong, leaving behind a son who was born for Qin.
Qin Xiangong (424 BC - 362 BC), the king of Qin during the Warring States Period, with the surname Ying and the Qin family name. The "Shiben" is Qin Yuangong, and the "Yue Jueshu" is Qin. King Yuan. 103010 Records of Famous Teachers (x). The son of Qin Linggong, he reigned for 23 years (384 BC - 362 BC).
He went into exile in Wei State in his early years. After returning to China and succeeding to the throne, he implemented reforms in Qin State, including abolishing martyrdom, moving the capital, expanding commercial activities, compiling household registration, implementing the county system, and launching several wars to regain the lost land in Hexi. Although the reforms during the Qin Xiangong period were not thorough, they laid the foundation for Shang Yang's reform during the Qin Xiaogong period.
King Huiwen of Qin (356-311 BC) was born in Xianyang (now Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province). His surname was Yi, Qin or Zhao. During the Warring States Period, the monarch of Qin (reigned from 337 BC to 311 BC) was the son of Duke Xiao of Qin.
He ascended the throne at the age of nineteen and became King Hui of Qin. Because the clan had many complaints, the clan destroyed Shang Yang and did not abolish his method. In 325 BC, he proclaimed himself King of Qin and became the first King of Qin.
During his reign, Zhang Yi and Lian Heng were in power, Gongsun Yan, Xun Lizi and Sima Cuo were in power. Yiqu led the Northern Expedition, Bashu was in the west, Hangu was in the east, and Shang Yang was in the south. This laid the foundation for Qin to unify China. A solid foundation.
He died in 311 BC at the age of 46. His posthumous name was Huiwen and he was buried in Gongling.
There are 37 monarch butterflies in total. List of Qin monarchs 1: Qin Feizi (900 BC-846 BC) About 900 years ago, Wang Xiao of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty captured his concubine and established the Qin State in Qin Yi (now northeast of Qingshui County, Gansu Province). 2. Qin Hou (reigned from 857 to 848)3. Qin Gongbo (846-844) There are very few records about Qin Gongbo in history books. It is generally known that he is chasing Qin Hou and Qin Feizi. 4. Qin Zhong (845 BC - 822 BC) In the fifth year of King Zhou Xuan (823 BC), Qin Zhong was appointed as a high official, so he attacked Xirong. Qin Zhong was defeated and died the next year. His eldest son won and succeeded. 5. Duke Zhuang of Qin won (44 years from 821 to 778 BC). In the seventh year of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty (821), Qin Zhuanggong led 7,000 soldiers and horses of the five brothers of the Zhou Dynasty to defeat the Xirong. He appointed Zhuanggong as the chief official and granted him the title of Daluoquan Mountain (in Li County, southwest of Tianshui City, Gansu Province). 6. Qin Xianggong reigned for 12 years (777-766). Qin was listed as the first generation monarch of the princes. When King Wei of Qi was in chaos, Kenrong attacked Haojing and led his troops to rescue Zhou. Wang Ping, Dong Qian, and Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort him, together with his meritorious vassals. In 766 BC, Qin Xianggong was killed in the war and buried in his hometown of Xizhi. 7. Qin Wen Gong (765 BC-716 BC) ruled for 50 years. Build a new capital.
In the 16th year (750 BC), Duke Wen sent troops to attack Xirong. Xirong was defeated and fled, and its territory expanded to Qishan. In the fiftieth year (716 BC), Duke Wen died and was buried in Xishan. 8: The son of Duke Wen of Qin, King of Qin. In the forty-eighth year of Duke Wen (718 BC), the prince died and was given the posthumous title of King of Qin. 9: Qin Ning Gong Li (715-704 years ago) reigned for 12 years. In the second year of Gongning (714 BC), the capital was moved from Fengyi (northeast of Fei County, Shaanxi Province) to Pingyang (Mei County, Shaanxi Province). In the same year, troops were sent to capture the Borong Party Society (Xi'an, Shaanxi) tribe. He died after reigning for twelve years and was buried at the foot of Xishan Mountain. His ministers deposed the prince (later Duke Wu of Qin) and established the youngest son Qin. 10: Qin (703 BC-698 BC) ascended the throne at the age of 5 and was killed after reigning for 6 years. Qin is the youngest son of Duke Ning of Qin. 11. Qin Wugong (697 BC-678 BC) reigned for 20 years. 12: Qin Degong (677 BC-676 BC) reigned for 2 years. After he ascended the throne, the capital was moved to today's Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. From then on, the capital of Qin State was stable for hundreds of years. During the periods of Qin Wugong and Qin Degong, various systems of the Qin State had taken shape, and the national power began to develop rapidly. This laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of Qin during the Qin Mugong period and its struggle for hegemony with other countries in the Central Plains. 13. Qin Gongxuan (675 BC - 664 BC), the eldest son of Duke De of Qin, the eldest brother of Duke Cheng of Qin and Duke Mu of Qin, died after reigning for twelve years and was buried in Pingyang Cemetery (Dongyang Ping Town, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province) ). There were nine sons, who were not yet established, but were passed down to his younger brother Qin.
Cheng Gong. 14: Qin Chenggong (663 BC-660 BC) reigned for 4 years. 15: Qin Mugong Ying Renhao (659 BC - 621 BC) reigned for 39 years. One of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. Duke Mu of Qin had great ambitions and attached great importance to talents. During his tenure, he was assisted by virtuous ministers such as Baili Xi, Uncle Jian, Pi Bao, and Gongsun Zhi. He once assisted Duke Wen of Jin in returning to Jin to seize the throne. When King Xiang of Zhou sent troops to attack Shu and other countries west of Hangu Pass, he opened up thousands of miles of territory. Therefore, King Xiang of Zhou appointed him as the uncle of the western princes, and he dominated Xirong. 16: Qin Kanggong Yingying (620 BC-609 BC) reigned for 12 years. The son of Qin Mu Gong and his wife Mu Ji was the nephew of Jin Wen Gong. Kang Gong sent Chong'er back to his country and sent him to Weiyang. He wrote a poem: "I will send my uncle off, and he will arrive in Weiyang in the future." Later generations used Weiyang to refer to his nephew. relation. 17: Duke Yinghe of Qin (608 BC - 604 BC) reigned for 5 years. The so-called Sangong of Qin in "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" refers to the three Dukes of Qin Mu, Duke Kang of Qin, and Duke *** of Qin. 18: Duke Huan of Qin Yingrong (603 BC - 577 BC) reigned for 27 years. In July 594 BC, Duke Huan of Qin sent troops to attack Jin. The two armies fought fiercely in Fushi (now Dali County, Shaanxi) in Jin. 19: During the 40 years of Qin Jinggong Ying Shi's reign (576 BC - 537 BC), he continued to push Qin's power into the Central Plains. 20: Duke Ai of Qin (536 BC - 501 BC) reigned for 36 years. 21: Qin Yigong never became the official monarch of Qin. 22: Duke Hui of Qin (500 BC-491 BC) reigned for 10 years. 23: Qin Daogong (490 BC-477 BC) reigned for 14 years. At that time, the Qin State was in great chaos. Later, the general Wu Feng defeated the allied forces of Qin, Ba, and Shu, put down the chaos in the Qin State, and established Qin Ligong to make a profit. 24: Duke Li of Qin made money (476 BC - 443 BC) and reigned for 34 years. 25: Duke Cao of Qin (442 BC-429 BC) reigned for 14 years. The Xirong nationality Yiqu launched a large-scale attack on Qin, reaching the Weishui River Artemisia [hāo] region, but was repelled by the Qin army. The next year, Duke Cao died, and his younger brother came back from Jin and ascended the throne. He was Duke Huai. 26: Duke Huai of Qin (428 BC - 425 BC) reigned for 4 years. When he succeeded to the throne, the state affairs were controlled by the old aristocracy. In the fourth year of Qin Huaigong's reign (425 BC), Qin's concubine Chang Chao united with other nobles to force Qin Huaigong to commit suicide. Because Prince Zhao died early, the next year the ministers appointed Duke Huai's grandson as king, who was Duke Linggong of Qin. 27: Qin Linggong (424 BC-415 BC) reigned for 10 years. When Qin Linggong passed away, his legitimate son Ying Shixi was only five years old. Linggong's uncle Ying Maozi took over the throne as his legitimate son when he was young, and established himself as the king of the country, namely Duke Jian of Qin. Ying Shixi was exiled to the Longxi Valley. 28: Qin Jiangong Ying Mou (414 BC - 400 BC) reigned for 15 years. The son of Qin Huaigong. He seized the throne from his nephew Ying Shixi and established himself as King of Qin. During his reign, he built the Great Wall on the west bank of Luoshui River for self-defense, which was known as the "Qianluo Great Wall" in history. 29: Duke Hui of Qin (399 BC-387 BC) reigned for 13 years. In the thirteenth year of his reign, he launched an attack on Shu and captured Nanzheng. He died of illness and his son Qin Chugong succeeded to the throne. 30: Qin Chugong (386 BC - 385 BC) reigned for 2 years. When he came to the throne, he was two years old. His mother presided over the government, and used eunuchs and relatives in high positions. "The sages did not hide themselves, and the people were full of resentment." In the second year (385 BC), Zuo Shuchang Yinggai launched a coup, and the ministers and ministers were transferred to the throne. The Queen Mother sank to the Wei River to welcome Ying Shixi, who had been exiled by Yingmo, back to the capital Yongcheng. It is for the public good. 31: Qin Xiangong Ying Shixi (384 BC - 362 BC) reigned for 23 years. 32: Qin Xiaogong Ying Quliang (361 BC - 338 BC) reigned for 24 years. A famous monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period. Shang Yang strengthened Qin Jiu Lun. 33: King Huiwen of Qin Ying Si (337 BC - 311 BC) reigned for 27 years. 34: King Wu of Qin Yingdang (310 BC-307 BC) reigned for 4 years. The biggest wish is to see Jiuding, which is the symbol of the world. So he sent troops to attack Luoyang, the weak capital of Emperor Zhou. In the Ancestral Temple of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu lifted the Zhou tripod, but could not hold it and was injured and died. 35: King Zhaoxiang of Qin Yingji (306 BC-251 BC) reigned for 56 years.
36: King Xiaowen of Qin Yingzhu (250 BC - 250 BC) reigned for 1 year. (There is a legend that he died suddenly after taking wine from Prince Chu after only three days in office). For the first time, he was granted the title of Crown Prince and was named An Guojun. 37: King Zhuangxiang of Qin Ying Yiren, also known as Zichu (249 BC-247 BC), reigned for 3 years and was the father of Qin King Ying Zheng. 38: Qin Shi Huang Ying Zheng (246 BC - 222 BC) was the first founding emperor of the Qin Dynasty to complete the unification of China. List of Emperors of the Qin Dynasty: The first emperor of Qin, Ying Zheng (221 BC - 210 BC), and the second emperor of Qin, Hu Hai (209 BC - 207 BC), reigned for 3 years. The youngest son of Qin Shihuang. At the end of Qin Dynasty, King Ying Ziying (207 BC) reigned for 47 days.
The names of the kings of the Qin Dynasty are Ying Fei, Ying Hou, Ying Bo, Ying Zhong, Ying Qi, Ying Kai, Ying Kang, Ying Ding, Ying Li, Ying Man, Ying Shuo, Ying Jia , Yingtian, Yingzai, Yingrenhao, Ying_, Yingdao/Ying_, Yingrong.
Win stone, win Ji, win expansion, win Ning, win plate, win thorn, win Xin, win seal, win su, Qin mourn, win benevolence, win Chang, win master Xi/win Lian, Ying Quliang, Ying Si, Ying Dang, Ying Ze/Ying Ji, Ying Zhu, Ying Zichu (Ying Chu), Ying Zheng.
As the latest prince to enfeoff, Qin was also the prince on the western border of the Zhou Dynasty. It faced a different situation from the princes in Guandong. First of all, Qin State should implement the system of prefectures and counties to deal with powerful external threats. For a long period of time after the founding of the Qin State, it had been at war with nomadic peoples such as the Quanrong.
Secondly, the Qin State should implement the system of prefectures and counties to resolve the frequent political crises of "rebellious monarchs and ministers" within the Qin State. After the death of Duke Ning of Qin, the powerful ministers of Qin, the three fathers of the concubines, and the three fathers deposed the king, assassinated him, and established a new king, which caused turmoil in the Qin State. Under this situation, Qin had to find a way out of the system of prefectures and counties. Thirdly, Qin State wanted to implement the system of prefectures and counties to safeguard the interests of the emerging landlord class.