(2) Full of age: the number of Yuan Jie.
(3) I can't stand it.
(4) Arrival: Arrival.
5] In the play: interjections.
[6] Note: All.
(7) What do you want? What do you want? Escape from crime: escape from crime; Avoid guilt.
(8) Crime: Crime.
(9) Obedience of officials: stick to the duties of officials.
(lé i): I am still lonely and weak.
⑾ Postal kiosk: In ancient times, people who delivered documents rested along the way.
(y): sell, sell.
[13] expulsion: still persecution.
[14] Jeff: The documents and signs that the ancient imperial court authorized officials to exercise military and political functions (or to patrol and hunt on behalf of the emperor).
⒂ Delay: Default, delay. Imperial edict: the general name of orders and announcements issued by ancient emperors, queens or queens.
[14] Stick to your duties.
⒄ Weakness: emaciated; Weakness.
⒅ National Style: As an important part of The Book of Songs, it is probably the folk poems of various vassal states from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. A Journey to the Mausoleum is one of Yuan Jie's representative works, which is deeply appreciated by Du Fu. The whole poem is divided into three parts.
The first four sentences are the first part, which describes feelings and summarizes the complicated taxation and severe punishment of officials. "The army needs more" is the root of people's suffering. The poet felt the heavy tax, so he cut to the chase from the beginning. Then leads to the following. The use of thimble sentence "the responsibility lies in the company, and the company is in the county" has caused a sense of urgency in form, indicating the urgency of the higher authorities. In just a few words, an eerie atmosphere is rendered.
"Don't worry about supply" to "The current situation is a whip" is the second part, writing down feelings and describing the plight of the people in detail. The first two sentences of "worry" and "sadness" are opposite. Through the change of rhetorical question and sigh tone, the ambivalence of a kind official in a feudal era is portrayed: he is worried about the supply of militarists and pities the people under heavy expropriation. This poem is full of disgust at sudden expropriation and deep sympathy for the people. In this era of repeated chaos, the people have a heavy burden and are extremely tired. "Big countries" and "big families" still feed on grass roots and bark, and the plight of small families in small towns is even more unimaginable. "Only two poems describe the weak image of the people exploited by the ruling class. The poet's sympathy and emotion caused by this, "I can't bear to call it, but the situation whips it", which lays the foundation for the description of the third part.
The first two parts outline the broad social background, and the latter part draws out the details and draws out the specific scene of rent collection for detailed description. The following is the third part, which tells about the poet's ideological activities when he argued for tax collection.
The poet first explained the urgency of urging the levy with the word "urgent symbol", and then supplemented it with the word "mutual pursuit", which vividly showed the urgency. The poet is deeply tired of this. In the preface of this poem, he said: "Less than 50 days after he became an official, he received more than 200 letters from envoys asking for instructions, all of which said,' Those who fail to meet their limits will be investigated.' He was extremely dissatisfied with this and explicitly accused this "urging" of being "lenient".
Then focus on revealing the poet's inner world with pen and ink, and describe the poet's emotional changes euphemistically and delicately. At first, the poet thought of various ways to urge them to pay the rent: let them sell their children and girls-that would force them to take risks; Property to pay the rent-they have no source of livelihood. At this point, the poet made a bold move to express the people's complaints through the "road talk" he heard. The word "heavy expulsion" shows the corrupt political reality that officials are fiercer than thieves and shows strong resentment. This prompted the poet's thought to change: the poet decided to stick to the upright way of loving the people, instead of trying to collect them, or even decided to postpone the rent despite his belief in resisting the imperial edict. I hope my opinion can reach the king and ask the supreme ruler to observe the situation and change the status quo.
In this part, the poet made many comments. This is the expression of his fierce ideological struggle, and it is also the natural expression of his heart. Through these comments, the poet profoundly demonstrated the changes in his thoughts and feelings.
This poem wins with emotion, and the poet pours out the true feelings in his heart with simple pen and ink, which has a touching power. The psychological description in the poem is tortuous and meticulous, which truly and meticulously shows the poet, as a feudal official, from worrying about supply to sighing about collecting taxes, from urging taxes to caring for the people, and finally dedicating himself to writing books, determined to "keep the official", "wait for the crime" (see preface) and "slightly frustrated" (Preface to the Tomb of Tongjun by Du Fu). This poem is not about rhetoric, but about sculpture. It uses sketch to express facts and express feelings directly. As Yuan Haowen said, "Lang Weng's water music is naturally the voice of Yunshan without a palace sign" ("On Poetry"), which has a natural beauty and true beauty. Du Fu: I have read two poems, The Journey of Grave Robbery and The Thief Retired as an Official, which were written by the envoys of the Yuan Dynasty in Daozhou. The ambition is that children can share their worries and serve the officials and good officials of the Han Dynasty. Today's thieves have not stopped, and they know the sufferings of the people. I have a generation of more than a dozen men, but I am bumbo in a wrong world. Everything exhales, and the world is more unsafe, so I can stay. I don't expect to see Bixing's system again, slightly depressed words. Love and poetry, increase the picture. If you only knew me, you wouldn't have to send Yuan. (Preface to the Tomb of the Same Emperor)
G: Yuan Jie stabbed Daozhou to death. After taking over as a soldier thief, the levy rate was too heavy and the people were miserable. He wrote a "Journey to the Tomb". At the end of the cloud: "Who adopts the national style? I want to dedicate this poem. " In order to pass the exam, the conclusion is that people are too sleepy to pay more. They tried to play130,000 yuan rent-free and miscellaneous things in the city, and played10,000 yuan rent-free. When they were sleepy, they went into exile. It is the existence of wise men, not special empty talk. ("Autumn Rhyme")
Tang Ruxun: Yuan poetry is characterized by wind and ballads, so it is called a solo poem. (Ten Poems of Tang Dynasty)
Zhang Qianyi: If you read Gao Jian's poems, you must look around. If you are short of breath, you can't express them. A Journey to the Mausoleum is calm and sincere, and it is a family of its own. If Chai Sanggong brushes and dyes lightly for this reason, it will not be touching. The world should know. ("On the Poems of Jian Zhai")