First, the original text of "error"
I walked through Jiangnan.
The appearance in the season is like the opening and falling of lotus flowers.
If the east wind does not come, catkins will not fly in March.
Your heart is like a little lonely city.
Like a bluestone street facing the night.
Without a sound, the spring curtain in March can't be lifted.
Your heart is a small closed window.
My dada horseshoe is a beautiful mistake.
I am not a returnee, I am a passer-by. ...
Written in 1954
Second, the appreciation of "mistakes":
Zheng Chouyu's poem "Mistakes" can be said to be the most popular modern poem in recent fifty years, and he is willing to read it. Many classical images are accurately used in the poem to express the thoughts and feelings of women and prodigal children. This paper will analyze "mistakes" from the perspective of composition. This paper starts with understanding the background of Zheng Chouyu's creation of this poem, sorts out the materials and events selected by the author, and then analyzes its structure, so as to have a further understanding of the style and theme of this poem.
Yu Guangzhong, a poet, called Zheng Chouyu a prodigal son. And Mistake is also one of the representative works of the author with the most prodigal consciousness. Although it describes the old theme of "in my heart forever" in China's classical poems, the author is original, describing the expectation and loneliness of "in my heart forever" from the perspective of a prodigal son, and on the other hand showing considerate care. Many words in classical poetry, such as Jiangnan, Lotus, Dongfeng, Catkin, Spring Curtain, Dusk, Horseshoe and other images, are used in poetry, which skillfully integrates classical and modern.
Among the classical poems, there are 19 ancient poems that have the deepest influence on Zheng Chouyu. He thinks that the impermanence of life in poetry is actually the greatest vagrancy. The poems of He Qifang and Fei Ming (Feng Wenbing) also have a certain influence on Zheng Chouyu in symbolism and language style. Therefore, Zheng Chouyu's early poems are graceful and touching, inheriting the sense of rhyme and rhyme of traditional poems, and integrating classical images into modern situations, often with some sadness of parting. The works of this period include the poems of Long song, Zheng Chouyu and Zheng Chouyu.
Writers often produce works because of some life experiences. Someone once asked Zheng Chouyu if this poem was the poet's experience. The poet replied:
This poem is similar to some traditional poems in content. It can be seen that the content of the poem has not changed since ancient times, but the expression is different. In terms of language, it has broken through the restrictions of Chinese dialects. When we recite this poem in Cantonese, it certainly tastes different from Mandarin, but it has a sense of beauty. Why did you write this poem? Some people think that this is some kind of experience of the poet's wandering life, which is also correct. This is not a matter of recording a time, but sorting out the fragments of life experiences and finally writing these works. I said that I have been to many places to avoid the enemy, and I have seen many different scenes, such as waiting women. My mother is a good example. At that time, my father was fighting at the front, and she and I lived alone, which became the most fundamental factor of this poem.
Therefore, when appreciating Error, it is more important to understand the relationship between its theme and content structure.
(a) The purpose of this article is placed at the end of this article:
The theme of the article appears at the end of the article, which can not only take the full text in one stroke, but also deepen the theme and achieve the finishing touch. This work reveals the theme "error" in the title of the poem, and leads to the clue in the preface of the poem that "the season looks like a lotus". At the end of the poem, I pointed out that "my horseshoe is a beautiful mistake" and expressed the enlightenment of unusual harmony with the method of "contrast". It can be seen that this poem has always been based on the theme of "error", and so is the ideological context.
(2) There are implied meanings in the article:
Chen Shiren Ceng Ming Yun:
When dealing with the theme of a poem, the author sometimes hides the surface part in a deeper layer or a real part, although it is clearly expressed. If we want to master this obvious and hidden theme, we must make some efforts to judge it.
At first glance, the poem "mistake" is ostensibly about a beautiful mistake made by a woman because of disappointed expectations. But if we carefully explore the whole poem, we will observe the mood changes of Sifu (you) from the perspective of a passerby (me). The reason why thinking about women's mood will change greatly and cause beautiful mistakes is mainly because women are eager to return to the depth of others. It can also be said that women are unswervingly looking forward to the return of their loved ones, causing great loneliness and loss. The so-called "the greater the hope, the deeper the disappointment". So, on the surface, the author writes about the beautiful mistakes made by women when they find their expectations failed, but in fact, the deep theme is to express women's incomparable loyalty and endless loneliness. This coincides with the theme of traditional in my heart forever's poems.
Materials:
1. The prodigal son returns-the cross
The prodigal consciousness has always been the theme of Zheng Chouyu's works. For example, his poem "The Wild Goose Flying Alone is a Meteor of Love", "The Visitor at Dusk" and "The Day of Parting" are carved into a facade, and my sadness of parting has been revealed. ”。 The prodigal son gives the impression that he is undisciplined and full of wandering feeling. Passers-by may stop for some people, but it is usually a short stop, or even "passing by without stopping." In this poem, the author clearly points out that "I have walked through the south of the Yangtze River" and "I am not a returnee, but a passer-by." So the "I" in the poem is a homeless prodigal son. He is in a hurry.
2. Thinking about women's waiting for return
The theme of "always in my heart" can be seen everywhere, such as the Taiwanese folk song "Looking at the Spring Breeze": "I heard someone coming outside/opening the door to look for it/Yueniang laughing silly/being cheated by the wind". It describes the disappointment of spoony women with expectations.
The woman (you) in the poem is in a state of long waiting. Mistress is comparable to another poem by Zheng Chouyu. "I think loneliness and waiting are good for women/so I always wear a blue shirt when I go/I want her to feel that it is the season, or/the arrival of migratory birds/because I am not the kind of person who often goes home." This is a loyal and lonely traditional female image, and this kind of female thinking image is also very common in China's classical poems, such as Wen's Looking South.
Wash and dress, lean on Wangjianglou alone, and cross Qian Fan. Twilight, my heart is broken.
The woman in the poem "leans on the watchtower alone", facing the loneliness of time and space alone, and constantly looking forward to "the return of my lover". The deepest state of missing is "heartbroken Baipingzhou".
Another example is Li Bai's Bodhisattva Man? Leisure >
Flat forest mist, cold mountain sad blue, color into high-rise, upstairs someone worried. The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly home in a hurry. Where to return, the pavilion is shorter
Through the text, women's worries about in my heart forever are presented in a scene-blending way, and at the end, the melancholy of the whole poem is pushed to the highest point with "Birds Return to People".
In in my heart forever's Poems, it is very common for the author to arrange "return" and "no return". In mistakes, "return" (a woman's thinking hope) is a subordinate line of poetry, which forms a complex structure with another main line "crossing" (the unruly prodigal son), and also forms a harmonious beauty of comparative beauty and abnormality.
(2) Materials:
1.
Thinking about women is the main image of China's "funeral march Poems". Such as Wang Changling's in my heart forever.
A young woman in the boudoir will never be sad; Spring came dressed up and boarded Chui Building alone. Suddenly I saw the green willows, and I felt uncomfortable; Oh, I regret that I shouldn't have asked my husband to find Hou Feng.
In spring, willows and green flowers set off the young woman's unaccompanied sadness and point out the illusion of fame and fortune. Only two people can be together is the most real existence.
Another example is Li Bai's Jade Family.
Her jade-white stairs are cold with dew, and her silk soles are wet. She stayed there for so long, behind her closed window, why is she still waiting, looking at the glory of the autumn moon through its crystal glass?
It implies the pain of "being alone" in the middle of the night, and implies the loneliness of no one accompanying the moon with others.
In short, the pattern of in my heart forever's poems can be summarized as: separation-hope-loneliness. Parting may be because the lover goes out to do business, may be fighting for the country, or it may be because the lover has another place to go and has been ruthlessly abandoned. Hope is because you really believe that your lover will come back, and loneliness is because of the disappointment and loneliness brought by high hopes.