Four kinds of songs in the river (3) Pan Dalin (1)
Xishan Tonghu Point ②, Chibi Hidden Dragon Palace. The shape wins three countries, and the waves flow all over the world.
Shaming boxing keeps herons, and the sea is wide and the sky is wide. I admire the fisherman most, returning to the boat in the rain.
(Note) ① Pan Dalin (about 1057- 1 106): a native of Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei), he is good at poetry. I used to travel in Chibi with Su Shi. ② Xishan: in the west of Ezhou, Hubei, the mountains are deep and secluded. 3 boxing egret: refers to the appearance of an egret curled up while sleeping.
(l) One word in each of the three sentences is very vivid. Please find it and talk about the benefits of this kind of writing.
A:
The answers are "fist" and "retreat". The word "fist" vividly shows the posture of heron perching on the beach. The word "retreat" is used to vividly express the state of birds in the sky. This kind of writing constitutes a picture of the combination of static and dynamic that the author saw by the river.
(2) From the whole poem, what kind of life does the author yearn for? Please analyze it briefly.
A:
The answer is longing for seclusion. (1) the first two couplets of this poem, the author from the immediate situation, into nostalgia, thinking about Battle of Red Cliffs's personnel, now in? So he sighed that "waves and currents can do a lot". (2) In the last two couplets of the poem, the author admires the leisure of Sulu and Hong Fei, and then seems to see a fishing boat, which is related to the sigh of "the waves are exhausted", so he puts forward "I admire fishing boats most" and wants to drive a boat home in misty rain!
Second, (National Volume II) Read the following song poem and then answer this question. (8 points)
Li Mi in spring-Xun (1).
Light rain is looking forward to spring, and falling flowers are near dusk.
The car dust can't reach the ground, and the door is full of birds singing.
[Note] ① Li Mi-xun (1085- 1 153), a native of Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), has served as a Sheren official of Zhongshu and assistant minister of the household department. He was dismissed because he strongly opposed Qin Gui's surrender policy. (2) Layout: refers to the empty place at the door.
(1) Please appreciate the word "net" in the first sentence.
The author thought of a silk net from the light rain; From silk screen printing and late spring, I thought of catching spring, that is, keeping it. This kind of imagination and metaphor is very vivid and novel.
(2) How does this poem express the author's feelings? Please analyze it briefly.
The answer shows the author's loneliness after political frustration, and his feeling of lamenting the coldness of the world. The first or second sentence of the poem describes the evening in late spring, when the rain is falling and the flowers are falling, and it is in ruins. From these bleak scenery, we can see the author's political frustration and loneliness. There are some birds in front of the poet's house, and he wants to be in the cry of returning birds. He closed his door, from which we can see the poet's sigh about the changes in the world.
Third, (National New Curriculum Standard Volume) Read the following Song poems and complete 8 ~ 9 questions.
Title Li Shinan painting fans ①.
Cai Zhao ②
The wild water gurgles down the stream, and the autumn wind blows the forest.
Everyone knows that the village is close to holding urns, and Zhongjue Temple is close to the pier.
[Note] ① Li Shinan: a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, who is good at painting landscapes. 2 Cai Wei (? A 1 1 19): the word apocalypse Danyang, (now Jiangsu) people. He used to be an official minister, a calligrapher in China and so on. ③ Urn: This refers to the water urn. (4) Dock: a place with high terrain and a concave center, which refers to the mountain dock here.
Please briefly describe the scenery in the fan painted by Li Shinan. What kind of atmosphere does this format present? (5 points)
Answer: the picture is probably; There is a stream flowing between two mountains, leaves falling in the Woods, a man holding an urn on the road (or by the stream), and the temple is faintly exposed in the valley. This painting shows the quiet and peaceful atmosphere in the countryside.
There should be six kinds of scenery in the picture: streams, mountains (mountain piers), Woods (fallen leaves), people, urns and temples. If one or two scenes are described, give 1 point; Three or four kinds of scenery, give 2 points; Five or six kinds of scenery, give 3 points. Answer what kind of atmosphere the picture presents and give 2 points. Just answer the meaning correctly.
9. Inscribed poems often illustrate the interest outside the painting. What descriptions do you think of this poem show the scenery and interest outside the picture? What are the advantages of writing like this? (6 points)
Answer: ① The description of "gurgling water", ② the description of "rustling autumn wind", ③ the description of a nearby village and ④ the description of the "bell" coming from a distant temple all show the scenery and interest outside the picture.
The advantages of this writing method are as follows: (1) it makes the still scene on the screen move and become colorful; ② Expand the picture to make it more colorful.
It can be answered that the author added the sound of "water murmuring" and "autumn wind rustling". If the sounds of "Zhong" are parallel and there is a village nearby, give 4 points, and give 1 point for each correct answer; If you can answer the question of benefits, give 2 points.
4. (Beijing Volume) Read the following poem and complete 1-3 questions. (10)
Chu Shi, the king of rewards, saw his work on the 9th.
Gu Yanwu
It was the day when we were scared to death, and we looked at each other. If you leave your arm, you will see yellow flowers.
Heaven and earth are magnificent, and mountains and rivers read temple flowers. Thousands of miles away, eviction becomes homeless.
Note: Gu was a famous scholar and poet during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the late Ming Dynasty, he joined the struggle against eunuchs and powerful people. Qing soldiers went south to participate in the people's anti-Qing uprising. After entering the Qing Dynasty, he refused to be recruited by the Qing court many times and went into exile in the north to inspect the situation of mountains and rivers and restore his ambition.
(1) The following understanding of this poem is incorrect: (2 points) (a)
A. It is the autumn sun that scares the old: it is the ruthless sun and moon that send autumn, which makes people aging and shocking.
B. Looking at each other, we are far apart and face each other from a distance.
C. selling turbid wine and leaving your arms: the feeling of parting can only be eliminated by turbidity.
D. expelling guests and becoming homeless: people who lose their motherland become homeless.
② What do you mean by "courage" and "reading" here? How do these two poems express the author's thoughts and feelings? (4 points)
Answer: Courage refers to one's patriotism or sincere loyalty to one's old country. Read: witness. It shows the author's determination to persevere and stick to the end, even though he is old and knows that there is no hope of restoring the country.
It means close.
It is generally believed that Gu's poetic style is similar to Du Fu's. Please point out the style characteristics of Gu's poem and make a brief analysis. (4 points)
Answer: (1) Style characteristics: melancholy or deep and dignified. (2) Brief analysis: This poem closely combines deep patriotic feelings with one's own life experience and immediate specific situation, and melts into a simple and pure poem, forming a gloomy and dignified style.
Verb (short for verb) (Shanghai Volume) Read the following poem. Complete the question 14- 16. (8 points)
Renchen Cold Food ① Wang Anshi
The guest thinks like a willow, and the spring breeze is thousands.
It's even colder to eat tears, but I remember smelling the 2 tides in the city.
The towel is covered with snow, and the mirror face is faded early.
I don't know about Xuan Ming, but I want to be an old fisherman.
Precautions ① Cold food: the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day (two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day). (2) Yecheng: an ancient place name, west of Nanjing today, near the Yangtze River.
14. "The fantastic and magnificent world outlook often exists in danger" comes from Wang Anshi's _ (topic). ( 1)
A: "the journey of baochan"
15. Those suitable for appreciating works are (3 points) and (b).
A. The first couplet is written by willow and spring breeze, which vividly depicts the beauty of spring.
B couplets use "inclination" and "rising" to exaggerate the author's grief.
C. The tail couplet wrote the author's regret that he had to resign and retire because of premature aging.
D poem runs through the whole article with "homesickness", which shows the sadness of being in a foreign country.
16. Appreciate the expressive effect of "snow" and "Zhu" in combination with the whole poem. (4 points)
A: "Snow" is a metaphor for white hair (1 min), which is in strong contrast with "Zhu" (1 min). It means the poet's sigh about aging before he is old (1). This kind of lamentation, which combines the sadness of thinking about guests, the sadness of cold food and the pain of being an official, makes the poet lament aging more deeply (1).
(Tianjin Volume) Read the following poem and answer this question. (5 points)
Wang Wei, living in the mountains is a good thing.
The door of the hedge is closed, looking at the oblique sunlight in the evening. Crane perches on the surrounding pine trees, and tourists are left in cold and sparse places.
The bamboo knot has added a new layer of powder, and the old lotus leaf is red and red. Fishing boats on the ferry are shuttling little by little, and there are people coming and going everywhere.
(1) Analysis of the expression effect of the word "bian" in parallelism sentences.
A: Yes.
Answer: The word "bian" means that there are many pine trees and cranes, and the word "sparse" means that there are few tourists. The contrast between these two figures shows the quiet environment of the mountain residence.
(2) What kind of scenery and feelings are written in the last four sentences of the poem?
A:
A: I wrote a picture of the sunset, the smoke curling up, the tender bamboo lotus flowers fresh and lovely, and people coming home with diamonds. Show the author's carefree mood.
Read the following Yuan Sanqu and then answer this question. (8 points)
[Main Palace] Sai Qiu Hong
Xunyang scenery Zhou Deqing (1)
Wanli Yangtze River is as white as practice, and Hu Aishan Mountain is as green as a lake.
Fan Jiang is like an arrow, and the mountain spring thousands of feet flies like electricity.
The sunset dew, the new moon is a beginner, and the word "rainbow" comes like a line.
(Note) ① Zhou Deqing (1277- 1365) was born in Gao 'an (now Jiangxi). ② Lake: indigo, blue dye.
(1) Please illustrate three rhetorical methods used in this Sanqu.
(1) Metaphor, such as comparing the Yangtze River to practice in vain, comparing the sails on the river to sharp arrows, comparing the descending mountain springs to lightning, and comparing the Hong Fei lined up in the sky to a line. ② Duality, such as one or two sentences, three or four sentences, five or six sentences, etc. 3 comparison, such as the new moon "Xue Ji" in the fan.
If you can answer a rhetorical method and illustrate it with examples, give 1 point; If the answer is "parallelism", take the first four sentences as an example, and you can also give 1 point.
(2) One sentence and one scene of this Sanqu together constitute a colorful landscape map of Xunyang. Please make a brief appreciation of this Sanqu from the perspective of the sequence of scenery writing and the combination of static and dynamic.
(1) In terms of the order of scenery writing, one or two sentences are written about the Wan Li of the Yangtze River, with many distant mountains, and it is written about the big place and the future; Three or four sentences are written about the light sails and mountain springs flowing on the river, which are personal and close-up views; Turn from day to night, and then from the ground to the sky. ② From the dynamic and static point of view: the first sentence and the second sentence focus on the magnificence of rivers and mountains, which is static; Three or four sentences focus on the swiftness of the river sail and the rapidity of the mountain spring, which are dynamic.
Give 2 points in the order of far and near answers; Answer the order of day and night, and give 1 minute; Answer the angle of motion and static to give 2 points.
Just answer the meaning correctly.
8. (Shandong Volume) Read the following Song Ci and answer this question.
Huatangchun
Qin Guan
Falling red paved the horizontal pool, and it was clear and drizzling. The apricot orchard is withered, the cuckoo is crying, but it is helpless to return to spring.
Draw a building outside the willow, lean against the railing and twist 1 flower branches, and the flowers are silent to the oblique glow. Who knows this?
Note: 1 knob (ni ǐ n): press and hold the knob.
(1) How does the description of the scenery of Shangque express helplessness? Please analyze it briefly. (4 points)
A: Shangque expresses the helplessness of hurting (cherishing) the spring by describing the scenes of last spring, such as the falling of paved paths, clear light rain, lazy apricot orchards and crying cuckoos.
(2) What expressions are mainly used in the sentences such as "Twisting branches by hand on the railing" and "Flowers are silent for the oblique light"? What kind of emotional changes do the characters in the text show? (4 points)
A: The main expressions of these two words are: description of details. You can also write action descriptions. Two details (movements) are used to express the emotional changes of the characters in the words from loving spring, hurting spring (cherishing spring) to helpless spring return. If we analyze it sentence by sentence, as long as we can answer the emotional changes from loving spring, hurting spring (cherishing spring) to helplessness
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Climb the Phoenix Terrace from Nanjing.
li po
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned.
Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
Three mountains and a half fall outside the blue sky, and Egret Island is wet.
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
Note ① Yishui: also known as "Ershui".
(1) Summarize the contents of the couplets and necklaces of this poem respectively, and talk about what emotions the poet embodies in them. (4 points)
Answer: (1) The couplet is about the historical sites of the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, and the couplet is about the beautiful natural scenery of Jinling. It embodies the vicissitudes of personnel, the eternity of nature and the feelings of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties.
(2) What rhetorical devices are used in the sentence "A cloud rises between the light of heaven and me"? What thoughts and feelings do couplets express?
A: (2) Metaphor. (1) worried that the king was blinded by evil and worried about evil; (2) The worries of the sages include those who are not allowed to be appointed and those who are concerned about the country and the people.
(Zhejiang Volume) Read the following poem and then answer this question. (6 points)
Leaning on a staff by the water at dusk (1)
Wang Ji
The west wind of the water country is shaking down a little bit, which makes people feel a little bit.
When the doctor was in Zepan, Sima said goodbye to his head.
Only he knows how my generation hurt me.
Cang Yanhua gets dressed too late.
Note (1) This poem was written when Wang Ji demoted Cai Zhou.
(1) This poem is an accurate and neat couplet of two ancient people who were exiled in a foreign land. (2 points)
A: Qu Juyi
⑵ Point out the specific content of "Xu Ji" in the whole poem, and briefly appreciate the writing characteristics of the first couplet. (4 points)
Answer: Content: ① Wandering thoughts; (2) The melancholy of the fallen officials; (3) Straight faith and inner anguish that is not understood; ④ The sadness of fleeting time; (5) The ups and downs of boring officialdom.
Features: ① Touching the scene, causing the poet's confusion and anxiety with the bleak and sad scene; ② The whole article begins with "Xu Ji".
Read the following poem and then answer this question. (6 points)
Four quatrains first appeared in the Huaihe River (3)
Yang Wanli
Ships on both sides of the strait are running backwards, drifting with the flow, and it is difficult to negotiate. Only the Oulu in the sky can be seen freely, flying freely between the north and south shores.
Note: In December of 16th year, Jin people sent envoys to the Southern Song Dynasty to pay New Year greetings, and Yang Wanli was ordered to send Jin envoys on his way back to the North. When he came to the Huaihe River, once the hinterland of the Northern Song Dynasty and now the border of Song and Jin Dynasties, he was filled with emotion and wrote poems to express his feelings.
Please appreciate this poem from the perspective of the relationship between reality and reality.
A: In the first two sentences, it is difficult to write that the ships on both sides of the Huaihe River are moving against the current, touching the waves, and the fictional writer's pain and helplessness about the split between the north and the south; The last two sentences actually describe that seagulls can fly freely from north to south, and the writer's strong desire for national unity and people's free exchange is empty.
Read the following poem and then answer this question. (8 points)
Xiaogushan ①
[Song] Xie Fangde (2)
People say this is Haimen Pass, with boundless sea eyes and shocking people. Heaven and earth occasionally leave a column of incense, and Jiangshan has this obstacle.
As powerful as a warrior's enemy battlefield and as dangerous as a lonely priest's last days. Tomorrow I will climb to the top, and I will look at the universe with a broad mind.
(Note) ① Xiaogushan: Located on the Yangtze River, 65km south of susong county, Anhui Province, it was a military stronghold in the Southern Song Dynasty.
(2) Xie Fangde: A native of Yiyang (present-day Jiangxi) in Song Dynasty, who took loyalty and righteousness as his own duty, once led the army against Yuan. After the defeat, he lived in seclusion in Fujian, was threatened by Yuan people to Yanjing, and died of hunger strike. ③ Seaeye: Vortex formed by jet blocking.
(1) What thoughts and feelings does the image of Xiaogushan in the poem entrust to the author?
A: This poem expresses Xiao Gushan's ambition, the poet's heroic feelings of courage and perseverance, killing the enemy and serving the country, and his firm belief that he can turn the tide and win the victory against the yuan, even though he is an orphan.
Analyze and investigate the understanding of poetic images and emotions. If you can read poetry, combined with Note 2, the answer to this question should not be difficult.
(2) A brief analysis of the beauty of the word "lonely" in "Danger is like a lonely minister in the last days".
A: ① Xiao Gushan's "solitude" is literally corresponding to the "solitude" of an orphan minister, and naturally associates with it. ② The geographical features of the mainstay of Xiaogushan correspond to the poet's heroic feelings. (3) The occasional solitary mountain corresponds to the only solitary minister left in the last days, suggesting that there was a serious shortage of anti-Yuan generals in the last years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the metaphor is appropriate.
13. (Hubei Volume) Read the following Song Ci, contact its writing background and answer the questions. (8 points)
Linjiangxian
[Song] Hou Meng
Who will believe you if you don't meet the loose-packed, but I can't find your name now. A good craftsman will paint a description for no reason. When the wind is gently borrowed, it will go to heaven in one fell swoop.
I have to boast that I am making steady progress. I just doubt that I will go to the moon. The sunset after the rain is red. A few people on the ground looked at me in the blue sky.
[Writing background] According to the record of Jian Yizhi by Hong Mai, a Song Dynasty man, he was ugly, old and versatile, and was repeatedly laughed at. Some frivolous teenagers drew their shapes on kites. Hou Meng laughed when he saw them, and wrote the words "Linjiang Xianzi" on the kites. After that, he reached the top in one fell swoop, and the official was the prime minister.
What kind of attitude towards life does the word (1) reflect? Please make a brief analysis with words. (4 points)
Answer: ① Hou Meng is very humorous. For example, people who paint their own appearance are "good artists" and respond to others' ridicule tactfully. ② Hou Meng is optimistic and confident. Others painted his appearance on a kite and sent it to the sky. He doesn't feel inferior, but imagines that he is going to "themoon" to win the championship. Hou Mengzhi is ambitious. Significance of conclusion: Successful career, "See how I can gallop freely in the blue sky"!
(2) At the beginning of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lin Jiangxian wrote: "The Yangtze River is rolling eastward, and the waves are scouring the heroes. Whether it is right and wrong or failure, it is empty now and has disappeared with the passage of time. The green hills are still there, and the setting sun is a few degrees red. Like Hou Meng's ci, they all use the image of "sunset red", but their symbolic meanings are different. Please compare it briefly. (4 points)
Answer: ① The "sunset red" in "Hou Ci" symbolizes a person's fortune. ② The "sunset red" in the opening words of Romance of the Three Kingdoms symbolizes the vicissitudes of history.
Read the following two Tang poems and then answer this question. (5 points)
I heard that Wang Changling left Longbiao Yao and sent this Longbiao picnic.
Li Bai Wang Changling
Flowers bloom and fall, children cry, and Wen Daolong crosses five streams. Yuanxi is cool in summer and cool in the evening, and spring wine carries bamboo bushes.
I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang. Don't worry about string songs, mountains and bright moons will never be empty.
Note Dragon Label: An ancient place name, which belongs to Qianyang, Hunan.
Both poems have a word "worry", but its meaning and function in the poems are different. Please analyze it briefly.
A: The "worry" in Li Bai's poems is the worry of others; It is the "poetic eye" of the whole poem, and the author uses it to control the whole poem. The "worry" in Wang Changling's poems is the worry of falling far away; The author sets off himself with "worry" instead of thinking about the distant future, expressing his broad-minded feelings.
Read the following Yuan Sanqu and then answer this question. (8 points)
[Double Tone] Wild geese defeat Wu (1)
Spring flowers smell azaleas, autumn months see geese. Human feelings are as thin as clouds, and scenery is as sick as an arrow. Stay and buy money and enter the mulberry garden.
Mao Shan San Zhai (3) has several hectares of seedling fertilizer. Bedside, put a cold and profound biography; In front of the window, the banknotes are some fresh Du Fu articles.
[Note] ① Wu: His life experience is unknown. He once worked as a small official, and finally retired after seeing through the world of mortals. This song was written before and after he retired. ②: Hurry up. ③ Cover with grass.
(1) From the perspective of seclusion, how many levels has this meta-Sanqu been written? Please analyze it briefly.
Answer: (4 points) Write two levels. The first four sentences are the first level, mainly writing the reasons for longing for seclusion. It is caused by spring flowers and autumn moon, and the first sigh of Yin is like an arrow. Birds sing and geese return, and human feelings are light.
The last few sentences are the second level, mainly about the seclusion life in yearning. It is divided into two layers. The first layer is a sentence from "stay" to "seedling fat", which describes the material life after retirement; The second layer is the sentence after "bedside", which is about the spiritual life after retirement.
(2) What rhetorical devices are mainly used in this Yuan Sanqu? Try to appreciate it.
Answer: (4 points) ① Duality, such as "autumn moon" sentence versus "spring flower" sentence; ② Metaphor, such as comparing "human feelings" to "clouds" and "scenery" to "arrows"; 3 exaggeration, compare "scenery" to "arrow" and use exaggerated methods at the same time.
(Chongqing Volume) Read the following Song Ci and then answer this question. (6 points)
Operator Bu sent Bao Haoran to Wangguan in East Zhejiang.
Water looks like a beautiful woman's eyes, like a beautiful frown. Where are you going? To the intersection of mountains and rivers. Take the spring water and send you back. If you go to the south, you can catch up with spring, and you must keep the scenery of spring.
What are the upper and lower parts of the word (1)? Please make a brief summary. (2 points)
A: The first part is about the beauty of mountains and rivers in eastern Zhejiang. The following film expresses the author's feelings of farewell.
(2) Wang Zhuo, a poet in the Song Dynasty, commented that Wang Yin's ci was "both novel and frivolous" in Biji Manzhi. What are the characteristics of the word "Xinli"? Please analyze it briefly. (4 points)
A: The rhetoric is clever and the language is beautiful, such as "the water color is dazzling, and the mountain color gathers eyebrows." Sending Spring Home and Living in Spring are unique in imagination and vivid in meaning. For example, "Where the eyebrows shine" and "When Jiangnan catches up with spring, it is necessary to live with spring".
17. (Fujian Volume) Read the following Tang poem and answer the questions as required. (6 points)
Nine quatrains (the third)
Du Fu
What I am familiar with is that Maozhai is extremely low and small, and swallows come frequently on the river.
Dead ends, piano books are polluted, and flying insects hit people.
[Note] This poem was written when Du Fu lived in Chengdu Caotang for two years (AD 76 1).
Please make a simple appreciation of this poem from the perspective of expression.
A: This poem is full of emotion. The poet set pen to paper from swallows and described their frequent activities such as flying into the study of the thatched cottage, "soiling the piano book" and "beating people" with delicate and realistic methods. These descriptions not only highlight the lovely state of swallows, but also vividly show their love for the study in the thatched cottage and their close relationship with poets. The whole poem is permeated with a strong flavor of life, giving people a natural and cordial feeling, and at the same time revealing the poet's joy and long-term leisure in the thatched cottage.
It can also be understood as the poet's vivid description of the scene that swallows frequently fly into the study room of the thatched cottage to disturb the people. The feeling that swallows attract birds seems to deceive people shows the poet's many troubles and restlessness when he is far away from home.
Read the following poem and then answer this question. (7 points)
Mu Furong is at the window.
Lu Benzhong Fan Chengda
The hibiscus flowers on the south bank of Xiaochi are red before frost after rain. Hard and lonely flowers break the slight cold, and the flower heart should be as sad as a guest.
It is better than a silent old peach and plum, and it blooms like the east wind all its life. What's more, I stay with girls (1) and don't look at red and green.
[Note] ① Qing female: the legendary goddess in charge of frost and snow.
(1) What are the natural attributes of hibiscus mutabilis described in these two poems? What rhetorical devices are used? (2 points)
Answer: Describe the natural properties of hibiscus hibiscus flowering. Use anthropomorphic technology.
⑵ What is the difference between the images of hibiscus flowers in the two poems? (5 points)
A: Lu Shi focuses on the carefree image, letting the wind and rain beat; Fan Shi's hibiscus is lonely, sad and desolate, but the author does not regard this flower as sadness. The former is the heroic and generous image of a leisurely person, while the latter is the image of an optimist in a miserable and lonely environment.