1. Classification of ancient poetry
Ancient poetry includes poems, lyrics and music.
1. From the form of poetry, it can be divided into:
①Ancient poetry, including ancient poetry (poetry before the Tang Dynasty), Chu Ci, and Yuefu poetry. Note that poems in ancient poetry genres such as "ge", "gexing", "yin", "qu", and "瀬" also belong to ancient poetry. Ancient poetry does not focus on antithesis and rhymes more freely. The development trajectory of ancient poetry: "The Book of Songs" → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties folk songs → Jian'an poetry → Tao Shi and other literati five-character poems → the ancient style and new Yuefu of the Tang Dynasty.
② Modern poetry, including verses and quatrains.
③Ci, also known as poetry, long and short sentences, tunes, tunes, music, etc. Its characteristics: the tune has a definite pattern, the sentences have a definite number, and the words have a definite tone. Depending on the number of words, it can be divided into long tune (more than 91 words), middle tune (59-90 words), and small tune (within 58 words). Words can be divided into monotonic and bimodal. Bimodal is divided into two paragraphs. The two paragraphs are equal or roughly equal in number of words. Monotonal only has one paragraph. A section of a word is called a que or a piece. The first section is called the front que, the upper que, and the upper piece. The second section is called the back que, the lower que, and the lower piece.
④Qu, also known as Ciyu and Yuefu. Yuan opera includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu originated in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style is similar to the lyrics. Features: You can add lining words to the fixed number of words, and mostly use spoken language. Sanqu includes two types: Xiaoling and Taoshu (set songs). A set is a continuous set of tunes, at least two tunes, and as many as dozens of tunes. Each set uses the tune of the first song as the name of the complete set, and the whole set must be of the same tune. It has no guest introduction and is only for a cappella singing.
2. From the subject matter of poetry, it can be divided into:
①Lyric poems about scenery, lyric poems that sing about landscapes and scenic spots, and describe natural scenery. In ancient times, some poets were dissatisfied with reality and often expressed their feelings in mountains and rivers. They expressed their thoughts and feelings by describing rivers, lakes and natural scenery. This type of poetry often embodies the emotions to be expressed in the scenery described later. This is what people often call embedding emotions in the scenery. Its style is fresh and natural.
② In poems about objects, the poet describes the appearance, characteristics, charm, and character of the object he is chanting, so as to express the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality, or ideals.
③Poems about the immediate situation cause the poet to feel emotional due to a certain reason, such as missing relatives, homesickness, missing friends, etc.
④ Nostalgia for the past and chanting epic poems use historical allusions as themes to express one's own opinions, use the past to satirize the present, or express feelings about the vicissitudes of life.
⑤ Frontier fortress poems describe the scenery of the frontier fortress and the military life of the soldiers guarding the border, or express their optimism and heroism or their feelings of longing and separation. The style is tragic and grand, and the writing style is bold and unrestrained.
Liu Zongyuan's "The Fisherman" belongs to the seven-character style of ancient poetry.
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Classification of ancient poetry: Ancient poetry includes poems, lyrics, and music.
From the form of poetry, it can be divided into:
1 Ancient poetry, including ancient poetry (poetry before the Tang Dynasty), Chu Ci, and Yuefu poetry. The poetry styles of ancient poetry can be divided into Yuefu, Zayan, four-character, five-character, seven-character, etc. Note that poems in ancient poetry genres such as "ge", "gexing", "yin", "qu", and "瀬" also belong to ancient poetry. Ancient poetry does not focus on antithesis and rhymes more freely. The development trajectory of ancient poetry: "The Book of Songs" → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties folk songs → Jian'an poetry → Tao Shi and other literati five-character poems → the ancient style and new Yuefu of the Tang Dynasty.
2 Modern poetry, including verses and quatrains. Poetry styles are divided into five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhymed poems, and seven-character rhymed poems.
3 Ci, also known as poetry, long and short sentences, tunes, tune lyrics, Yuefu, etc. Its characteristics: the tune has a definite pattern, the sentences have a definite number, and the words have a definite tone. Depending on the number of words, it can be divided into long tune (more than 91 words), middle tune (59-90 words), and small tune (within 58 words). Words can be divided into monotonic and bimodal. Bimodal is divided into two paragraphs. The two paragraphs are equal or roughly equal in number of words. Monotonal only has one paragraph. A section of a word is called a que or a piece. The first section is called the front que, the upper que, and the upper piece. The second section is called the back que, the lower que, and the lower piece.
4 Qu, also known as Ciyu and Yuefu. Yuan opera includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu originated in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style is similar to the lyrics. Features: You can add lining words to the fixed number of words, and mostly use spoken language. Sanqu includes two types: Xiaoling and Taoshu. A set is a continuous set of tunes, at least two tunes, and as many as dozens of tunes. Each set uses the tune of the first song as the name of the complete set, and the whole set must be of the same tune. It has no guest introduction and is only for a cappella singing.
5 New poetry (or vernacular poetry)
2. The subject matter of poetry can be divided into:
1 Scenery lyric poetry, singing about landscapes and scenic spots, describing natural scenery of lyrical poetry. In ancient times, some poets were dissatisfied with reality and often expressed their feelings in mountains and rivers. They expressed their thoughts and feelings by describing rivers, lakes and natural scenery. This type of poetry often embodies the emotions to be expressed in the scenery described later. This is what people often call embedding emotions in the scenery. Its style is fresh and natural.
2 In poetry that chants about objects and expresses ambition, the poet describes the appearance, characteristics, charm, and character of the object he is chanting, so as to express the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality, or ideals.
3 Poems about the immediate situation cause the poet to feel emotional due to a certain reason, such as missing relatives, homesickness, missing friends, etc.
4 Nostalgia for the past and chanting epic poems use historical allusions as themes to express one's own opinions, use the past to satirize the present, or express feelings about the vicissitudes of life.
5 Border fortress poems describe the scenery of the frontier fortress and the military life of the soldiers guarding the border, or express their optimism and heroism or their feelings of longing and separation. The style is tragic and grand, and the writing style is bold and unrestrained.