Yucheng Wang
Series: 300 ancient poems
Cunhang
The horse crossed the chrysanthemum and crossed the mountain road, leaving the horse to walk freely.
Every valley (he) has a sound with dusk, and several peaks have a silent sunset.
The leaves of huanghuali are as red as rouge, and the fragrance of buckwheat flowers is as white as snow.
Why are you so melancholy? The original tree of the village bridge looks like my hometown.
translate
The horse was walking on the mountain road, and the chrysanthemums were slightly yellow, which made the horse walk freely with a particularly long interest.
Thousands of valleys echoed with voices, quietly listening to the night and watching several peaks stand quietly in the sunset.
The red leaves in Li Tang are as red as rouge, and the fragrant buckwheat flowers are as white as snow.
What makes me suddenly feel blue when I recite poems? The small bridge in the country is very much like my hometown!
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Village Trip is a seven-character poem written by Wang Yucheng when he was demoted as the envoy of Shangzhou in the second year of Chunhua (99 1). It's about the night view of the mountain village, and the season is autumn. The content of the poem is probably that the poet is riding a horse, enjoying the scenery along the way and listening to the sound of the valley at dusk.
While enjoying the scenery and reciting poems, the author suddenly found that the bridges in the village and the trees on the Yuan Ye are very similar to those in his hometown, which led to homesickness.
The poem first describes autumn scenery in detail, and then expresses the author's love for the countryside and nostalgia for his hometown by using the small bridge in the village and the trees on the Yuan Ye in front of him. This touching way of writing, first describing the immediate scenery, and then expressing your thoughts and feelings arising from these scenery, can make the structure of the full text more organized and arouse readers' interest in reading.
The first paragraph of this poem is about the writer riding a horse to enjoy the autumn scenery. It was fun, but later, because he saw bridges and trees, he remembered his hometown. In this way, the first paragraph and the last paragraph of the poem can be compared, so that readers can better understand the author's nostalgia for his hometown.
"Several peaks gather in the sunset without words" is a famous sentence in this poem. Mr. Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty: "Logically speaking," negation "first includes" affirmation ",and the proposition of negation is always based on the proposition of affirmation. Poets often use this truth. The mountain peaks were originally silent, but Wang Yucheng said that they were silent, or as Gong Zizhen said in "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems", "I was sent to the east with a whip, and this mountain was speechless to see the Central Plains", which did not go against the facts. But at the same time, it seems that they used to speak, have language and desire language, but now they are suddenly "speechless." From this point of view, "several peaks are silent" and "this mountain is silent" is not meaningless nonsense. ..... If you use positive expressions, such as "when the peaks are quiet", the meaning will be reduced unless positive words strongly imply that the peaks also have life or soul, just like Li Shangyin's Chu Palace: "When the rain falls, quietly return to the mountains". 」
Season (early autumn)
This poem "Going to the Village" is one of the representative works of Wang Yucheng's lyric poems in the Northern Song Dynasty. The first two sentences explain the time, place, people and things. The season is autumn, which is indirectly explained by "the chrysanthemum is beginning to yellow"; The location is a mountain road, directly pointed out by the "mountain road"; The character is the author himself, which is the conclusion drawn from the word "I" in the conclusion of the poem; The thing is, the author rode through the mountain road and enjoyed the beautiful scenery of Shan Ye, which was revealed from the poem. These two sentences highlight the author's carefree manner and strong wanderlust.
The third and fourth sentences are written from the aspects of hearing and vision respectively. The first sentence is written in the evening, and autumn sounds are heard; Several peaks stand quietly in the sunset, which is a witness. Here, "sound" and "silence" are two completely different realms, which set each other off and show the silence of the mountain village in the evening. It is particularly worth mentioning that the sentence "Count the Peaks" is very quiet, not from the front, but from the back, which is very interesting to read. This is just as Mr. Qian Zhongshu said in Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty that "the peaks were originally speechless", and Wang Yucheng said that they were speechless, or as Gong Zizhen said in Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems, "Send me to the east, this mountain is speechless and see the Central Plains", which is not contrary to the facts; But at the same time, it seems that they used to be able to speak, with language and desire, but now they are suddenly "speechless". From this point of view, "several peaks are silent" and "this mountain is silent" is not meaningless nonsense ... "
The fifth and sixth sentences further describe the scenery of Yuan Ye, a mountain village. The author chooses "Li Tang" and "Buckwheat" which are two things with mountain village characteristics in autumn to describe, and uses "rouge" and "snow" to compare the red of "Li Tang leaves" and the white of "Buckwheat flowers" respectively, which makes the mountain village Yuan Ye colorful.
After reading these six poems, we will naturally feel like this:
In the early yellow season of chrysanthemum, a middle-aged poet rode through a path in Mazai Mountain. He looked carefree, let the horse walk freely, and enjoyed the scenery of Shan Ye in autumn night: sometimes listening to the sound of autumn echoing in the ravine, sometimes watching several peaks stand quietly in the sunset, and sometimes turning his attention to the fallen leaves of pear flowers as red as rouge and buckwheat flowers as white as snow. ...
In these six poems, the author painted us a colorful and poetic picture of the sunset in the autumn mountain village, which better reflected the characteristics of the Song people's "painting into poetry".
The last two sentences of the poem changed from scenery description to lyricism. The first sentence asked, the poet suddenly felt depressed after reciting the poem; It turned out that the poet was homesick because he suddenly found that the trees on the leaves of the village bridge were like the scenery of his hometown. In this way, the description of the above scenery is settled, which vividly reflects the change of the author's mood from carefree to disappointed and deepens his poetry.
In a word, the poem "A Journey to the Country" vividly depicts the charming scenery of Shan Ye with the clue of rural behavior, and truly expresses the poet's homesickness with implicit poetic language. In poetry, scenery description is combined with lyricism. Scenery writing is the foreshadowing of lyricism, and lyricism is the end of scenery writing. The changing process of the poet's mood from carefree to disappointed is vividly reflected in this "two combination". This is a picturesque poem by autumn scenery, and it is also a touching homesick song. From this, we can get a glimpse of the freshness and simplicity of Wang's poems.