No matter in school or in society, you must be familiar with all kinds of ancient poems, including those before the formation of the Tang law and those written in ancient style after the Tang Dynasty. What ancient poems are widely used? The following is a small collection of answering skills of China's ancient poetry appreciation in the college entrance examination, which is for reference only and I hope it will help you.
The first mode: artistic conception analysis
1, question:
What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
2. Problem variants:
What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
3. Answer analysis:
This is one of the most common problems. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
4. Answer steps:
1 depicts the picture displayed in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
3 analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
Sample answer 1:
Spring outing improvisation
Li Hua
At the gate of Yiyang, the grass grows and the warbler flies, and the water flows from east to west.
Fragrant trees have no flowers, and birds are singing all the way to the spring mountain.
When it comes to poetry creation, the ancients once said, "Poetry is not only sentimental, but also beautiful." Please appreciate this poem from the perspectives of "scenery" and "emotion".
[Reference Answer] This poem describes what the author saw and heard during his "spring outing": there are grass and water, trees and mountains, flowers and birds, which can be described as a scene, and each painting has its own characteristics (step 1). However, poetry is not pure scenery, but full of feelings and scenes (step 2). The scenery of "falling flowers" and "singing birds" in the poem shows the tranquility in the mountains, from which a trace of sadness is revealed (step 3).
Example 2:
Youyue cup
Song? Hao Cheng
On the moon, there are four wandering dams, and in the north, there is a platform of 100 feet in the sky.
Everything changed with the breath of autumn, and the chat in one night was very cool.
The clouds in Shui Xin are shining leisurely, and the springs under the forest are flowing quietly.
There is no reason in this world, but every good thing saves money and keeps company.
(1) What artistic conception does this poem create, and what emotions does the poet show? Please analyze the content of this poem. (3 points)
[Reference Answer] The poet wrote about a 100-foot-high platform, beautiful moonlight, Woods and springs, (1) creating a kind of tranquility (or quietness, quietness, etc. ) artistic conception (1), expressing the poet's leisurely (or quiet and comfortable) mood (1).
(2) What does the poem "Spring comes quietly under the forest" express? Please analyze its effect? (3 points)
[Reference Answer] Contrast (pen is static, voice is silent) (1). The murmur of the spring highlights the silence of the moonlit night. (2 points)
The second pattern analysis skill type
1 Question method:
What kind of expression is used in this poem?
2 question variables:
Please analyze the expression (or artistic technique or skill) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect?
3 solution analysis:
Expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must be familiar with some common expressions.
4 answering steps:
(1) Accurately point out the technology used.
(2) Explain why this technique is combined with poetry.
(3) This technique effectively conveys the poet's feelings.
Sample answer 1:
Climb Yueyang Tower with Xia Twelve.
Lipper
Climb the Yueyang Tower and overlook the Yangtze River until you reach the open Dongting Lake. It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month.
On the upper floor of the sky, stay in the chair and upload a glass of wine from the sky. The cool breeze rising after drunkenness, blowing the sleeves with the wind, we will return.
This paper makes a brief analysis of the artistic expression techniques used in the third joint "Holding a Cloud to Meet the Sky Cup".
[Reference Answer] The third part uses exaggeration (the first step) to write the scene of Yueyang Tower towering into the sky. At the same time, these two poems imagine magic, connecting the couch on the cloud with the "walking cup" in the sky (step 2), and writing the scene that the poet seems to be in a fairyland (step 3).
Example 2:
Drunk and collapsed? Yingyong
[Qing] Chen Weisong
A few blocks in Hanshan 1, the wind is low, and Zhongyuan Road 2 is crushed. There is no such thing as blue sky in autumn. Drunk streaking, write down the paging station.
Who is this man betting on to win? Old age is fierce and angry. I am still angry in my later years, because there are still many foxes and rabbits! When the dark day of the month comes, it is the time for eagles to hunt. At such a moment, I miss you very much!
[Note] 1 block: block. 2. split the central plains road: describe the eagle flying over. 3 Xuanju: High spirits.
(1) What expression was used to describe the eagle in the first movie of this word? Please analyze it briefly.
[Reference Answer] 1 mainly adopts the method of setting off. The image of the eagle is set off by scenes such as cold mountains standing on the wall, empty land and clear sky in autumn. (It is also correct to answer "contrast" as "contrast")
(2) Combined with the next sentence, analyze what thoughts and feelings the poet expressed.
[Reference Answer] 1 "Who is that man betting on?" When you are old, you will be angry and show off, expressing your anger and strong feelings. "There are many idle foxes and rabbits in the world. The moon is black and yellow, I miss you at this moment and express my ambition to display my ambition and make contributions.
The third mode analyzes language features.
1 Question method:
What are the linguistic features of this poem?
2 question variables:
Please analyze the language style of this poem. On the language art of this poem.
3 solution analysis
This kind of question type does not need to ponder over the clever use of individual words, but tastes the language style of the whole poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous, clear and fluent, multi-spoken, euphemistic and implicit, bold and unconstrained, graceful and graceful, concise and vivid answer steps:
(1) Use one or two words to accurately point out language features.
(2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem.
(3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
Sample answer 1:
Jiangcun village
Du Fu
The clear river winds around the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.
Since I left, I have come to Liang, and I am very close to seagulls in the water.
The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection.
As long as some old friends give me some money, what do I ask?
Please briefly analyze the outstanding linguistic features of this poem.
[Reference Answer] Fresh, natural and simple (the first step), the Qingjiang River, the beam and the gulls in the water constitute an elegant' natural pastoral scenery'; The old lady painted paper for the infatuation and innocence of chess, looking cute; The child knocks the needle as a hook, which is really cute (step 2). Without carving, nature is interesting and life is full of meaning (step 3).
The fourth mode of font refining
1 Question method:
What is the most vivid sentence in this couplet? Why?
2 question variables:
There is a saying that has always been praised. What do you think of it?
3 solution analysis:
The ancients paid attention to the refinement of words in poetry, that is, they asked to taste the beauty of these refinement words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
4 answering steps:
(1) Explain the meaning of this word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association and put the word in the original sentence to describe the scene.
(3) point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of feelings it expresses.
Sample answer 1:
Huazigang
Pei Di
When the sun sets, the clouds are surging, and the grass falls at home? .
Cloud light invades shoes, and mountain green clothes brush people's clothes.
Please talk about the beauty of the words "invasion" and "stroke".
[Reference Answer] The word "invasion" describes the process that the afterglow of the sunset gradually fades away (the first step), and shows the vivid scene that the poet goes down the mountain step by step in the sunset (the second step). The personification of the word "fu" enhances the sense of movement (step 1) and makes people want to see green, lovely and soft mountains (step 2). These two verbs describe Guang Yun Cui Shan's attachment to the poet and reflect the poet's love and nostalgia for Hua Zigang (the third step).
Example 2:
Foreign night
Du Fu
The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast.
The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
Q: A brief analysis of the beauty of the use of two function words "qi" and "ying" in the trilogy One Night Abroad.
[Reference Answer] "If only my art could bring me fame and free me from the office in my sick old age!" Where is my reputation famous for this article? (My) official position should really retire, because I am old and sick. " (Step 2) The poet is conceited about his poems, but the word "taste" expresses his inner resentment. The poet originally wanted to make contributions, but the word "should" was used backwards, expressing the helplessness of being excluded and dismissed from office. The words "qi" and "English" are quite accurate, concise and vivid, which show the psychology of an unsuccessful person. (Step 3)
Example 3:
Ge xiyi
Wang Anshi
The moon is faint and leaking, and the autumn bed is illuminated by Yi Deng. Feel the wind and dew early when you are sick, and I don't know how long the mountains and rivers are.
I feel generous when I am old, but I feel sad when I look at the world. Cicada is even more confusing to pedestrians' ears, holding semi-yellow sparse tung leaves.
(1) The first section of this poem depicts a picture. Please give this painting a subtitle. (2 points)
[Reference Answer] No sleep in the autumn night at the post office
② The poet's mood is reflected in the word "chaos". How is the whole poem expressed? Please analyze it briefly. (6 points)
[Reference Answer] This poem takes "chaos" as the poetic eye, blending scenes and expressing the poet's thoughts on home and country. The first couplet secretly writes poems with the waning moon, dripping water and dim light, which is annoying. Zhuan Xu directly wrote about physical illness, it is hard to go and homesickness, and pointed out some reasons of "chaos" in order to gain motivation for further writing "chaos". Neck couplets use foil technique to render the poet's troubles to the extreme by cicada singing.
Example 4:
Xiting
Lin Jingxi
There are thoughts in clear autumn, and the sunset glow is still pavilion. At the beginning of the month, the trees are tall and white, and the breeze is half awake.
A person walks the fallen leaves and sits idly counting fireflies. Where is the fishing song? Lonely lights are far apart.
(1) What time-varying images did the poet use to express his feelings? (2 points)
【 Reference Answer 】 The two images of "sunset" and "white at the beginning of the month" are used to express the time change from dusk to the beginning of the month and express the author's lonely feelings.
(2) Please comment on the artistic effect of the word "wear" and "number" in the third part of the poem. (4 points)
[Reference Answer] The word "wear" in the sentence "wear fallen leaves alone and sit idly and count fireflies" describes the loneliness of walking among rustling leaves without company. Sitting alone is boring, and the word "number" shows the protagonist's attitude towards action, and even shows boring loneliness.
The fifth mode is full of poetry.
1 Question method:
One word is the key to the whole poem. Why?
2 solution analysis:
Ancient poetry is very particular about conception, and often a word or a word constitutes the clue of the whole poem. Grasping this word proposition can often test the examinee's grasp of the whole poem.
3 answering steps:
The role of the word (1) in highlighting the main idea.
(2) Consider the role of words in the structure of poetry.
Sample answer 1:
On a spring night, I smell the flute in Los Angeles.
Lipper
Yu Di's dark flying sound scattered into the spring breeze in Los Angeles.
Who can't get homesick when they hear that there is another village in the serenade?
The word "folding willow" is the key to the whole poem. What is the moral of "breaking willow"? Do you agree with "key"? Why?
[Reference Answer] "Folding willow" means "Farewell to homesickness", and the theme of the poem is homesickness (the first step). This homesickness is caused by hearing the flute sound of the song "Broken Willow" (the second step). It can be seen that "folding willow" is the key to the whole poem.
Example 2:
Jiangyin fuyuantang
Dai Fugu
Overlooking the Yokooka River, far away in front of Wan Li Sorrow Hall.
The most bitter thing is that there is no mountain to cover your eyes. Huainan is the best in China.
[Note] Dai Fugu was a poet in the late Southern Song Dynasty.
According to the predecessors, "the most bitter thing is that there is no mountain to cover your eyes" is the most expressive in this poem. What do you think of this? Please analyze it briefly.
[Reference Answer] When the author of this poem went to Fuyuan Hall in Jiangyin to overlook the Central Plains, the sadness and pain brought by the fall of the country was the strongest, which was concentrated in the sentence "The most bitter thing is that there is no mountain to cover your eyes" (the first step). This sentence is written in another way, contrary to the psychology that people usually want to see far when climbing mountains. Through the poet's ambivalence of looking at it, he can't bear to look at it, and fully expresses the extreme grief and indignation of not reporting national humiliation and revenge for serving the country (step 2).
Example 3:
Mountain climbing is a matter of course.
Wang Zhi
Clouds are floating in the sky, and the wind is sunny. The shower drenched the clothes. O 1 wind blows the sleeves clear.