Natural, mellow and meaningful artistic style. The theme and content of Tao Yuanming's poems are close to ordinary daily life, and the images of poems often take things that are often heard in self-study, express their feelings directly, sculpt them honestly, and use good words. The profound meaning of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems is only to express the artistic image and artistic conception of the poems with faint sketches and true feelings, but it is magic in plain and beautiful in simplicity. Zhu said: "Yuan and Ming's poems are plain, out of nature." (Zhuzi School) Su Shi said that his poems are: "Quality and reality, but richness and reality." ("Book with Su Zhe") also said: "Dry outside and paste inside, which seems light and beautiful." (Comment on Liu Han's Poem on Dongpo Inscription and Postscript) Yuan Hao asked about his poem: "A word is natural and eternal, and luxury is exhausted." In addition to this basic style, there are some poems called "King Kong's Glaring Style" by Lu Xun ("Two Essays on Jie Ting", the title of which is undetermined). Zhu also talked about his uninhibited side: "Everyone says that Tao Yuanming's poems are unremarkable. According to some people, he is proud of it, but he is bold. " The person who shows his true colors is an essay "Jing Ke Fu". How can ordinary people say such a thing? "(Zhuzi school)
2. Sublime, unconventional and natural artistic realm. The images in Tao Yuanming's poems seem unremarkable, but they create a lofty and unconventional artistic realm. The main idea of his poems lies in freehand brushwork, in expressing his mind, interest and understanding of life, while the description and narration of scenery is only for meaning. Many of Tao's poems have reached the natural artistic realm of the unity of things and me, subject and object, emotion, scenery and reason.
3. The colors are natural and the language is concise and vivid. Tao Yuanming's poems are not just ornamentation, but use simple and natural language and sparse brushwork to concisely outline vivid images and convey profound meanings, so as to achieve the artistic effect of freehand brushwork and vivid expression. He is good at refining the spoken language in daily life into poetry, which is full of strong flavor of life. He often uses metaphors, symbols, sustenance and other techniques, even if he uses allusions, it is colloquial.
Tao Yuanming has the largest number of pastoral poems and the highest achievements. This kind of poetry fully shows the poet's lofty interest in disdaining fame and fortune and his noble integrity in keeping his ambition; It fully shows the poet's extreme hatred and complete break with the dark officialdom; It fully shows the poet's love for simple pastoral life, his understanding of labor and his friendly feelings for working people. It fully shows the poet's pursuit and yearning for the ideal world. As a scholar-bureaucrat, such thoughts, feelings and contents are unprecedented in the history of literature, especially in a society with strict gate system and concept. Some of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems also reflect his predicament in his later years, which can help us indirectly understand the miserable life of the peasant class at that time. Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden was written in the early Song Dynasty. It depicts a utopian ideal society. It shows the poet's complete denial of the existing social system and infinite admiration for the ideal world. It marks that Tao Yuanming's thought has reached a new height. Tao Yuanming is the pioneer of pastoral poetry. With its simple and natural language and lofty artistic conception, it opened up a new world for China's poetry circle and directly influenced the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty.
Gui Xi Ci is a political declaration that Tao Yuanming publicly broke with the upper class when he resigned and retired. The article uses a lot of space to write about his infinite joy of leaving the officialdom, imagine his infinite joy after retiring to the countryside, and show the author's yearning and love for nature and seclusion. The article skillfully integrates narrative, discussion and lyricism to create a vivid, natural and fascinating artistic realm; The language is natural and simple, washing away the strong local flavor. When he resigned, he wrote a deeper reason: "Go home, come to Xi, please rest and give me a farewell trip. The world is against me, I can't ask any more! " Tao Yuanming thoroughly realized that secularism was contrary to his nature of advocating nature, and he could not change his nature to adapt to secularism. Coupled with his disappointment with the political situation, he resolutely resigned and lived in seclusion.
Nobuyuki Nobuyuki
Wang Wei
After the rain, the new clear sky is particularly open, and the vision is open without any fog and dust.
The gatehouse of the outer city is close to the ferry pier, and the trees at the edge of the village connect the stream and the estuary.
The silvery white river is shining in the fields, especially bright, and the green mountains stand behind the ridge.
It is the busy farming season, there are no idle people, and farmers are busy going to the fields.
Appreciate:
This poem describes the beautiful scenery in the wild after the rain. The first two sentences briefly describe the scenic atmosphere of Xin Qing. The air in Chu Qing is fresh after the rain, and the sky seems spotless. It seems that vilen is more open than usual, highlighting the characteristics after the rain. The following is a detailed description of the scenery. In front of the poet is a small mountain village near the water. The village is near the ferry of a stream. The village is surrounded by green trees and extends to the stream. Looking down the stream again, the fields in the distance are full of water, and the water is shining in the sun. There is a mountain behind the village, and there is Qingfeng behind the mountain. Because of the rain, there is water in the field, because the air is fresh, and the distant peaks that are usually blurred are clearly visible. The long article here once again depicts the characteristics of "new sunny" and responds to one or two sentences. The last two sentences respond to three or four sentences, and then write the mountain village. All the farmers have been sent to the fields to work nervously, which shows that it is a busy season for agriculture, and it can also be seen that farmers intend to seize the favorable opportunity after the rain clears to rush to cultivate. This description combines the new sunshine scene with the farmers' labor, forming a picture with beautiful scenery and full of life breath.
After the rain, the new clear sky is particularly open, and the vision is open without any fog and dust.
"Extreme eye" exhausts vision. "Magnificent atmosphere", dust "After a storm comes a calm, the poet stands on a high place and looks from a distance, only to see that Yuan Ye is particularly empty and open, with fresh air and no dust at all.
The first two sentences sum up the poet's feelings about "new sunny wild hope": after being washed by rain, the air is particularly fresh and clean, spotless; Looking around, the fields after the rain are not only open but also bright, which makes people look far away, as if they can feast their eyes.
The poet used only ten words to firmly grasp the characteristics of the sunny new scenery after the rain. Readers are also suddenly introduced into this specific situation to watch with the poet.
The national gate is near the ferry, and the village tree is connected with the Xikou.
"National Gate", outer city gate, also refers to the city gate.
In the distance, the gate at the entrance of the village stands beside the river ferry, and the trees in the village are closely connected and extend to the stream. Most ancient cities in China have artificial moats, with high walls next to them. However, there are also some cities that rely on rivers and take natural rivers as moats according to local conditions, forming a situation of "crossing the country gate and crossing the river". This village near the water in the poem is like this.
A mountain village facing the stream, the gate house of the village is close to the ferry, surrounded by green trees, and extends to the stream. The white of the stream, the gray of the gate and the green of the village trees complement each other in the sun. What a charming scenery it is! In normal times, it is impossible to see so clearly. It's not just these that have changed since the rain cleared-
White water shines outside the field, and Qingfeng comes out of the mountain.
Outside the wheat field, the silver river is sparkling, and the blue peaks stand proudly behind the rolling mountains. A summer rain changed the sky, the village, the mountains and the water. Because the water rises after the rain, the river outside the field is particularly bright in the sunny sun; Behind the nearby ridge, the distant peaks, which are usually blurred, also appear clearly, in contrast to each other and richer than usual.
These two poems are neat and rhyme beautifully, and the words "Ming" and "Chu" are especially clever. "Ming" is an adjective and is used as a verb here. Under the sunshine after the rain, the stream is bright and dazzling. Chu, which corresponds to Ming, personifies the mountain peak: the blue mountain peak in the distance, like a naughty child, suddenly appears behind the mountain, which is amazing.
After reading this, a wonderful picture appears: open Yuan Ye, quiet villages, clear streams and towering peaks, which are one of the new scenes washed by rain. They are patchy, layered, with clear patterns, colors, light and dark, and beautiful artistic conception. However, such a painting, although beautiful, always looks empty and lifeless. So, in the last two sentences, the poet added dynamic characters to this static picture:
There are no idle people in the farming month, and family affairs are in the south.
"Nanmu" and "Nanmu" in the Book of Songs refer to ploughing and sowing in the fields in the south, and later Nanmu became synonymous with farmland.
Early summer is a busy farming season, and it is the time to harvest wheat and sow seedlings. At this time, after the rain clears, farmers naturally have to seize this favorable opportunity to go out and work in the fields. The busy figure of the farmer suddenly added infinite business opportunities to the fields.
This ending, a virtual stroke, makes the whole picture vivid. The pastoral scenery described by the poet is not only beautiful, but also full of life, poetic, quiet and happy.
Comments and explanations
The poet's keen sense of nature enables him to see the most beautiful scenery and vivid scenes in summer. This poem is like a pale ink painting. Not deliberately carved, rich in color, but understated, natural and simple, but elegant and meaningful, intriguing. From this poem, we can easily feel the poet's love for nature and attachment to the countryside. Pure scenery writing, without a word of love, is full of feelings, which is also the superb art of Wang Wei's poetry scenery writing.
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07 China National Volume
(1) What is the most concise and vivid word in the upper and lower sentences of the third joint? Please analyze it briefly.
(2) What kind of picture does the tail couplet describe? What are the advantages of writing like this?
A: (1) are "Ming" and "Chu" respectively. The poet used the words "Ming" and "Chu" here, which fully showed the "new sunshine" after the rain. The scenery he longed for was: the river outside the field rose, and the "white water" sparkled under the sunshine, brighter than usual; After the rain washed away, the "blue peaks" of the mountains appeared in the sun, which was more layered.
(2) During the busy farming season, the tail couplet wrote about the busy situation of peasant families in the farmland. The advantage of the author's writing in this way is that he once again highlights the poem "Xin Qing", because "Xin Qing" makes the poet see the scene of farmers "turning their families to the south". Add infinite vitality to a static picture drawn in front, and make the whole picture come alive.
Translation:
After the rain, the sunny Yuan Ye is particularly empty, and there is no fog and dust. The gatehouse of the outer city is next to the ferry pier, and the green trees on the edge of the village are connected to the mouth of the stream. The silvery white river sparkled, making the outside of the field particularly bright, and green peaks suddenly appeared behind the ridge. It is the busy farming season, and there are no leisurely people. All the farmers are busy in the fields.
Thoughts and feelings:
The tone of this poem is clear and healthy, which shows the poet's thoughts and feelings of loving nature, countryside and life. The poet has a keen sense of natural beauty. He is good at grasping the characteristics of scenery, paying attention to the combination of dynamic and static, and describing clearly, giving readers beautiful artistic enjoyment.