However, since the concept of independent words is naturally the reason for the narrowing of the concept of poetry and the finer classification.
Formal difference
Generally speaking, in addition to epigrams, China's ancient poems are divided into ancient poems and modern poems, which are distinguished by whether they abide by the rules of flat and even tones. Those who abide by the rules of flat and even tones (modern poems) and those who do not are ancient poems (ancient poems).
The requirements of the flat and even meter for poetry are: the sentences are of the same length (37 words), arranged neatly (all flat and even sentences), the flat and even relationship (substitution, opposition and adhesion), the sound and rhyme should be flat (one rhyme to the end), and the poetry antithesis should be appropriate (the two couplets and all the intermediate couplets in the meter should be arranged well).
What can't meet the above requirements is ancient poetry, and the first thing is the works with uneven sentence length, that is, miscellaneous poems.
Miscellaneous poems are actually "long and short sentences"-the predecessor of epigrams.
However, epigraph was produced in the early Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty, and its production itself had its metrical influence. After the appearance of metrical poems, many poets still insist on the creation of miscellaneous poems. Although their works are ancient poems, they are inevitably influenced by the metrical relationship in sentences. For this ancient poem with certain metrical factors, we have another name-"Lu Gu".
However, there is little difference between the law and the inscription. If a melody is used to sing, but other poets think it sounds good and write another melody according to the level and hierarchical relationship of this melody, then the music attached to this melody becomes the "epigraph name" of these works, and these melodies attached to this "epigraph name" become epigraph names.
This is the origin of epigraph-an ancient poem, whose relationship between meter and level is locked by music.
Metric poems also lock a flat relationship, but the length of poems is limited, so they must be equal in length and arranged in an orderly way. Metric relations are locked into four basic formats: flat set, flat set, flat set and flat set.
Therefore, the difference between epigraph and classical poetry is that epigraph should abide by the hierarchical relationship under the name of epigraph (music), and appropriate changes will not affect the singing, which is called "variation".
The difference between epigrams and metrical poems is that epigrams are long and short sentences, while metrical poems are five words, four sentences, eight sentences, seven words, four sentences and eight sentences, and the arrangement is (five words or more than seven words and ten sentences).
Differences in content
There is no difference in content, and the so-called "poetry is homologous."
But poetry is the product of music. The early Central Plains music was dignified and elegant, and was called "elegant music", so the four-character poem was the theme of Central Plains poetry, which was steady and magnificent. With the Han Dynasty, southern Chu music documents spread all over the world, and miscellaneous words of Chu ci structure became popular, such as Liu Bang's Wind Song and Xiang Yu's Gaixia Song. Coupled with the integration of ethnic minorities, music has changed a lot, and the lyrics under Yayue can no longer adapt to singing, resulting in five-character poems and seven-character poems.
In the early Tang Dynasty, all countries came to Korea, and the fusion of national culture and music was unprecedented, especially western music such as Le Hu, because the instruments and tunes were novel.
With the change of music, the lyrics are facing great reform. However, in the early Han Dynasty, poetry, a well-organized form, gradually developed into a "disciple's song" because music could not keep up-recitation literature began to appear. Music is no longer important to poetry. The development of Chinese phonology in the late Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties gave wings to poetry. Poetry began to part ways with music. Although there are still old Yuefu poems sung in the Tang Dynasty, many works in the Seven Wonders, such as Liangzhou Ci, are actually lyrics, but in addition to singing, these works also follow the level tone and even the meter, which is powerful and touching to recite.
Poetry, as a style of chanting, has become a special tool for high-level literati to express their feelings, which is the popularity brought by chanting, because not everyone is a musician, and everyone will regard small poems as words.
At this time, there is an urgent need for another form to supplement the entertainment between ordinary people and officials. Due to the complexity of music development, long and short sentences came into being, from being called "poems" (fragments of words left after writing poems) to becoming the main body of lyrics.
Inscriptions were born from this, so in Goulan restaurant, flowers before and after the moon, entertaining and popular, which is obviously different from the elegant and dignified, allegorical exhortation inherited by poetry-known as "poetry diversion."
Although Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty and Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty both tried their best to create the bold school on the epigraph, raising the pattern of ci to the realm of poetry and realizing a "confluence of poetry", the inherent genes of epigraph were not very suitable for the expression of heroism, so after Xin Qiji's death, epigraph immediately returned to the realm of grace and restraint-in Li Qingzhao's words, "ci is not one".
In the next thousand years, the basic literary division of "expressing ambition with poetry and expressing emotion with words" was fixed among China literati, and it was not until the appearance of modern great poets and revolutionaries that "poetry and poetry merged" again.
Today, both verse and epigraph are historical traces of poetry. The proliferation of modern poetry is both a future and a joke.
However, when we look back and appreciate the classic works of these ancient poems, we can still understand the different cultural trends of these poems.
The purpose of studying history is of course to see the present situation clearly and predict the future.
Only in this way can we have a clear understanding of the chaos in current poetry, let him cross mountains and mountains, and I will look at the moon river myself.