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Wen Guanjun took over Henan and Hebei
Du Fu [Tang Dynasty]
Jianwai suddenly announced that he had taken over Jibei , the first time I heard it, my clothes were filled with tears.
But seeing where his wife was worried, she was filled with poems and books filled with joy.
You have to indulge in drinking while singing in the daytime. Youth is a companion for returning home.
That is, pass through Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge, then go down to Xiangyang towards Luoyang.
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Translation and annotations
Translation
Suddenly, news of Jibei's collection came from outside the sword. I just heard it Sometimes my clothes are filled with tears.
Looking back, I saw that my wife and children were still a little bit sad, and I rolled up a book of poems and was ecstatic.
When the sun shines, I sing loudly and drink wine. I take advantage of the bright spring light to return to my hometown with my wife and children.
With this in mind, I passed through Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge, passed Xiangyang and then went straight to Luoyang.
Notes
Wen: Hearing and hearing. Official army: refers to the army of the Tang Dynasty.
Jianwai: South of Jianmenguan, this refers to Sichuan.
Jibei: Generally refers to the area of ??Youzhou and Jizhou in the Tang Dynasty. It is the northern part of Hebei today and is the base area of ??the Anshi rebels.
Tears: tears.
Look back: look back.
Wife: Wife and children.
Where is the sorrow: Where is there any sadness? The sorrow has disappeared.
Manjuan (juǎn) poems and books rolled up in ecstasy: rolled up randomly. It means that Du Fu can't wait to pack his bags and prepare to go back to his hometown.
Ecstatic: almost crazy with joy.
Sing loudly: Sing loudly.
Must: Should.
Indulgence: drinking to one’s heart’s content.
Youth: refers to the beautiful spring scenery.
Company: with wife and children.
Wu Gorge: one of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, named after it passes through Wushan Mountain.
Bian: means just.
Xiangyang: Today it belongs to Hubei.
Luoyang: Now part of Henan, an ancient city. ▲
Reference materials: perfect
1. Haibing. Detailed annotations of Du Fu's complete poems. Urumqi: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 2000: 219-1202, Yu Haidi et al. A complete collection of appreciation of Tang poetry. Beijing: China Overseas Chinese Publishing House, 2010: 182
Creative background
"Hearing the Official Army Takes Henan and Hebei" was written in the spring of 763 AD (the first year of Guangde), when Du Fu 52 years old. In the winter of the first year of Baoying (AD 762), the Tang army fought a great victory at Hengshui near Luoyang. Rebel leaders Xue Song, Zhang Zhongzhi and others surrendered one after another. The author was ecstatic after hearing the news and wrote this poem.
Reference materials: Perfect
1. Cheng Qianfan, etc. A Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1983: 542-544
Appreciation
This poem was written in the spring of the first year of Guangde reign of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (763 AD). In the first month of that year, Shi Chaoyi hanged himself, ending the Anshi Rebellion. When Du Fu heard the news, he couldn't help but be wild with joy. He danced and sang this seven-melody song. The first half of the poem describes the surprise of hearing the good news for the first time; the second half describes the poet's preparation for returning home while dancing, highlighting the joy of eagerness to return to his hometown. The whole poem is full of unrestrained emotions, with the word "happy" permeating everywhere, vividly expressing the author's infinite joy and excitement. Therefore, it is called Du Fu's "first quick poem in his life". Except for the narrative point of the first sentence, the rest of the sentences express the poet's surprise after hearing the news of victory. The poet's thoughts and feelings come from his heart and surge forward. The last six sentences are all parallels, but they understand that nature is like speaking, and it is wonderful that everything comes naturally.
The first sentence starts quickly and violently, which accurately expresses the suddenness of the victory. The poet has been wandering "Jianwai" for many years and has experienced hardships. It is impossible to return to his hometown because "Jibei" has not been captured and the Anshi Rebellion has not been settled. Now "Suddenly Chuan Jibei", the torrent of surprise suddenly opened the long-simmering emotional floodgates, causing the poet's heart to surge. "When I first heard it, my clothes were filled with tears." "First heard" closely follows "Suddenly". "Suddenly" means that the good news came too suddenly. "When I first heard it, my clothes were full of tears." The wave of emotions aroused by the moment is a true expression of joy and sorrow, a mixture of sorrow and joy. "Jibei" has been conquered, the war will end, the world is devastated, and the people are suffering, all will be cured. The poet has finally survived the miserable days of being displaced and feeling sorry for others. However, after learning from the pain, the poet recalled the many hardships he had endured in the past eight years, and he couldn't help but feel sad and unable to suppress it. However, this catastrophe finally passed like a nightmare, and the poet could return to his hometown, and people would start a new life, so his sadness turned into joy, and he was overjoyed. The psychological changes and complex emotions when "first hearing" the good news require a lot of pen and ink if written in prose, but the poet only used five words to describe it vividly: "the clothes are full of tears", which is enough to summarize it all.
The second couplet is based on Zhuan and settles on "ecstasy", which is a higher peak of surprise. "Looking at my wife" and "managing poems and books" are two consecutive actions with a certain causal relationship. When the poet was filled with sorrow and joy, and his clothes were filled with tears, he naturally thought of his wife and children who had suffered together for many years. "Looking back" means "looking back".
The action of "looking back" is very meaningful. The poet seems to want to say something to his family, but he doesn't know where to start. In fact, there is no need to say anything else. The sorrow that has enveloped the family for many years has disappeared. This sentence uses the joy of his wife and children to set off the poet's joy.
"To sing during the day, you need to indulge in alcohol, and to have youth as a companion to return home." Following the first couplet, the poet's ecstasy is described in detail from the details of life. "Day" refers to a sunny day, indicating that a person has reached old age. It is rare for the elderly to "sing" and it is not appropriate for them to "indulge in drinking"; now they have to "sing" as well as "indulge in drinking", which is a concrete manifestation of "ecstasy". This sentence is about "crazy" attitude, and the next sentence is about "crazy" thoughts. "Youth" refers to the scenery of spring. Spring has arrived. "Youth" with your wife and children amidst the singing of birds and the fragrance of flowers is a good time to "return to your hometown". When the poet thinks of this, he will naturally become "ecstatic".
"That's from Ba Gorge to Wu Gorge, then down to Xiangyang to Luoyang." This is the poet's association. When he is in Zizhou, he has returned to his hometown in an instant. The poet's surprise reaches its climax, and the poem ends here. This couplet contains four place names. "Baxia" and "Wuxia", "Xiangyang" and "Luoyang" are not only opposites (intra-sentence pairs) but also before and after, forming a neat pair of place names; they are combined with "Ji Cong" and "Bian Xia" , two sentences closely connected, concentrated in one breath, and a lively flowing pair. Coupled with the dynamics of "through" and "direction" and the repetition of two "xia" and two "yang", the style and tone are as fast as lightning, accurately expressing the poet's imagination. "Baxia", "Wuxia", "Xiangyang" and "Luoyang" are all very far away from each other, and when using "jicong", "chuan", "bianxia", "xiangxia" ” When connected together, the scene of “passing from Ba Gorge to Wu Gorge, then descending from Xiangyang to Luoyang” flashes past the readers’ eyes one after another. What needs to be pointed out here is that the poet not only displays imagination but also depicts reality. From "Ba Gorge" to "Wu Gorge", the gorge is dangerous and narrow, and the boat travels like a shuttle, so "chuan" is used; from "Wu Gorge" to "Xiangyang", one has to drive quickly along the current, so "xia" is used; from "Xiangyang" "To "Luoyang", we have changed the land route, so we use "xiang", which is highly accurate.
This poem mainly describes how the poet was very happy after hearing the news that the army had regained the lost land, and packed his bags and returned home immediately. It expresses the poet's uncontrollable joy of victory and joy of returning home, expresses the poet's sincere patriotic feelings, and expresses the poet's broad patriotic mind and noble spiritual realm. ▲
Reference materials: Perfect
1. Cheng Qianfan, etc. A Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1983: 542-544
Du Fu
Du Fu
Du Fu (712-770), also named Zimei, named himself Shaoling Ye Lao, known as "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world, Han nationality, native of Fugong County, Henan Province (now Gongyi City, Henan Province), a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu is respected by the world as the "Sage of Poetry", and his poems It is called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du". He was concerned about the country and the people, and had a noble personality. About 1,400 of his poems have been preserved. His poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and is commemorated by Du Fu thatched cottage in later generations.