Original text of magnolia·beginning of spring:
Spring ox and spring stick, infinite spring breeze comes to the sea. Then and spring work, it was dyed peach red like flesh red. Spring flags are victorious, and a spring breeze wakes me up. Unlike the end of the world, the poplar flowers rolled up are like snowflakes. Translation and annotation of magnolia·beginning of spring
Translation The clay sculptured plowman is holding the spring ox and pulling up the spring clay plow stick. The clay sculptured plowman stands near the two. The spring breeze is infinite, coming from the sea. So he invited the God of Spring to use his magic power to dye the peach blossoms red like flesh. Erect the green banners of spring and cut them into colorful flowers of spring. A gust of spring breeze blew me awake. This place is not like the ends of the earth. The rolled poplar flowers look like snowflakes.
Note 1: Reduced characters for "Magnolia": The original Tang Jiaofang song has 44 characters in double tone. Compared with "Magnolia", three characters have been removed from the first and third sentences of the front and back parts and changed to flat and oblique. The rhymes are interchangeable, each piece has two oblique rhymes and two flat rhymes. 2Jimao: the second year of Yuanfu (1099), the reign of Emperor Zhezong of the Song Dynasty. Dan'er: An ancient place name, in present-day Hainan. The governance is located in the northwest of Danzhou City, Hainan Province. 3. Spring Ox: The Earth Ox. In ancient times, the Earth Ox was excavated in the twelfth month of the lunar calendar to send away the cold air. In the second year, the Earth Ox was recreated at the beginning of spring to encourage farming and symbolize the beginning of spring plowing. Spring stick: The plowman stands with a plow stick in his hand and whips the native ox with the stick. It is also called spring. 4 beggar: begging. Spring workers: The spring breeze warms the earth and revives living things. People compare spring to agricultural workers that promote the growth of crops. 5. Flesh red: The peach blossoms are as bright as flesh and blood. 6 Spring Flag (fān): Spring Flag. On the first day of spring, every farm household hangs spring flags to mark the arrival of spring. There are also cut into small colorful flags and stuck on the head or branches. Chun Sheng: A kind of paper-cut cut into patterns or words, also called Chun Sheng, to welcome the spring. 7 Tianya: mostly refers to the horizon. This refers to Hainan Island where the author was relegated. 8 Yanghua: catkins. Appreciation of "Magnolia"·The Beginning of Spring
This poem was written when the author was demoted to Hainan. It is a Wing Chun poem. The author describes the gorgeous spring scenery of Hainan in a cheerful way, expressing his optimistic thoughts of being content with the situation.
The sentence structure of the upper and lower parts of this word is exactly the same, and the first sentence of each part starts from the custom of the beginning of spring. In ancient times, at the beginning of spring, "green flags were set up, and soil and oxen were placed outside the door to show the people." The spring cow is the clay cow. The spring stick refers to the plowman standing with a plow bat; later there was also the custom of "beating the spring", where people pretended to be the "goumang god" and whipped the native cattle. Spring banner, that is, "green banner", refers to the flag. Chun Sheng, a kind of paper-cut, is cut into patterns or words, also known as Jian Sheng or Cai Sheng, which also means welcoming the spring. The second sentence of both pieces is written "spring breeze". The first film says: "The infinite spring breeze comes to the sea." The author's poem "Dan'er" also said: "The sky is full of neon clouds, and the happy wind is rising from the sea." The wind comes from the sea not only describes the characteristics of the island, but also the magnificent realm, which makes people feel comfortable. The next film says: "A gust of spring breeze wakes up the drunkenness", which points out that the spring wine at the banquet of the Spring Welcome Ceremony is intoxicating, full of interest and full of fun. Writing "spring breeze" in both places effectively strengthens the cheerful tone of the whole word. Then the upper and lower pieces focus on describing the scenery accordingly. The upper part depicts peach blossoms, while the lower part depicts poplar flowers. The contrast between red and white is particularly enchanting. The main idea of ??writing a peach blossom sentence is to beg for the power of the Spring God to dye the peach blossoms like flesh and blood. Beggar, beg. Here, the God of Spring is personified, showing the kindness of the Creator in nurturing all things in the world. The sentence "Not like the end of the world, rolled up poplar flowers like snowflakes" is the finishing touch of the whole poem. The ground in Hainan is warm, and poplar flowers have already been seen at that time; in the Central Plains, swallows begin to arrive around the vernal equinox, about the same time as willows fly. The author compares the snowflakes that are not found in Hainan to the poplar flowers that have been seen in Hainan for a long time, saying that the scenery in Hainan and the Central Plains are similar, so he sighs that "it is not like the end of the world."
This word praises the spring in Hainan, and has pioneering significance in the theme of ancient poetry. At the same time, the poem expresses the author's broad-mindedness and has a profound influence on the intellectuals of the old era in my country. This is where Su Shi's words stand out from ordinary people. This poem uses a lot of the same words. The repeated use of the same word at intervals is called "quasi-word" in some rhetoric books. Originally, words and sentences should generally be chosen to avoid repetition. One of the four requirements for calligraphy practice put forward in "Wen Xin Diao Long·Chinese Calligraphy Practice Thirty-Nine" is to "give weight to the weight" and to "offend with the same character" as a warning. However, the author chose to use "the same word", which resulted in a strange artistic effect. Not only did the tone become more beautiful, but the main idea was emphasized and exaggerated. This is where Su Ci stands above others. There are eight sentences in the whole poem, and seven "spring" characters are used (two of them are "spring breeze"), but they are not evenly arranged. Some sentences have two sentences, some have one sentence, and three sentences do not use them, which looks patchy; Sentences that do not use the word "spring", such as "dyed pink like flesh red" and "rolled poplar flowers like snowflakes", use two words for "red" and two words for "flower" respectively. In fact, the author may not have intended to make such a complicated change. He was just inspired by the spring scenery of Hainan and wrote this poem with great concentration. Therefore, it is natural, true, simple and touching, without any disadvantages of playing tricks. This is also where Su Ci differs from popular customs. Reduced Words Magnolia · Beginning of Spring Appreciation 2
In the Song Dynasty, Hainan Island was regarded as a barbaric and remote place "at the ends of the earth". Some people in the past have chanted about it, mostly in the face of the desolate scenery of a foreign land, and the rise of The feeling of wandering and wandering. Su Shi's poem uses cheerful and jumping strokes to highlight the gorgeous spring scenery in the border areas and the vibrant nature. In the history of Chinese poetry, this is the first passionate hymn to Hainan Spring. Su Shi was different from other tourists in that he did not reject or be hostile to the scenery of a foreign place, but he sincerely recognized it.
In his poem "Walking Alone to the House of Ziyun Weihui Xianjue Sili" written by him at that time, he also said, "Don't think about the world thousands of miles away. There is a dancing wind by the stream." He wrote that the gentle breeze in the stream made him forget that he was at the end of the world. , has the same meaning as this word. Su Shi traveled throughout most of China throughout his life, either as an official or as an exile, but he always had a feeling of his second hometown for the places he visited, which reflected his open-minded and happy-go-lucky outlook on life.
The sentence pattern of the upper and lower parts of "Reduced Words Mulan" is exactly the same. The first sentence of this poem and the first sentence of the second part both originate from the custom of the beginning of spring. In ancient times, on the first day of spring, "green flags were set up, and soil and cattle were placed outside the door to show signs of the people" (Book of the Later Han: Etiquette Chronicles 1). After the first sentences of the first and second parts of the film explain the customs of the beginning of spring, the second sentences both write about "spring breeze": one says "The infinite spring breeze comes to the sea." The author of the poem "Dan'er" also said: "The sky is full of neon clouds, and the happy and majestic wind comes from the sea." The wind comes from the sea, which not only describes the characteristics of the island, but also the magnificent realm, which makes people feel comfortable. The second one is "A gust of spring breeze wakes up the wine", which points out that the spring wine at the banquet of the Spring Welcome Ceremony is intoxicating, full of interest and full of fun. Writing "spring breeze" in both places effectively strengthens the cheerful tone of the whole word. From now on, all the paintings are based on scenery: peach blossoms are written in the upper part, poplar flowers are written in the lower part, the contrast between red and white is particularly enchanting. Write a peach blossom sentence, to the effect of begging for the power of the Spring God to dye the peach blossoms pink. Here, the God of Spring is personified, showing the kindness of the Creator in nurturing all things in the world. The Yanghua sentence is the finishing touch of the whole poem. The ground in Hainan is warm and poplar flowers are already visible. The author wrote a poem in the following year, "When the swallows come to the nest in the new nest, they still peek at the inkstone." Fang Hui commented on this poem in "Ying Kui Lv Sui": "On the day of Hainan, the swallows have come to the nest, and there are strange things." It turns out that in the Central Plains, The swallows arrive around the vernal equinox, about the same time as the willows will fly and their flowers will fly. From this, we can know the differences in Hainan’s phenology. Poplar flowers, new swallows and early spring can be seen. In early spring, snow may fall in the Central Plains. The author uses the snowflakes that are not found in Hainan to compare the poplar flowers that have been seen in Hainan. Then, Hainan has the same scenery as the Central Plains. So I sighed, "It's not like the end of the world." ——This is the main idea of ??the whole word.
As mentioned above, the content of this poem is to firstly praise the spring of Hainan, which has pioneering significance in the theme of ancient Chinese poetry; secondly, to express the author's broad-mindedness, it has a profound influence on the intellectuals of the old era in China. This is where Su Shi's words stand out from ordinary people. Let’s read two poems by Zhu Dunru at the turn of the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties. Zhu’s "Reporting Heartfelt Feelings" also writes about the beginning of spring: "The green flags are colorful and welcome the spring, and the warm rhythm corresponds to the auspicious clouds. There is lettuce in the golden plate, and the palace is full of kindness." The season is good, the orchestra is new, and the weather is peaceful. The sun is shining brightly, and the willow eyes and plum blossoms are in the heart. There are also "green flags", "caisheng", "huifeng", "willow eyes" and "zui Zun". Readers who understand the political situation at the turn of the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties will naturally feel regret and disappointment in this word because of the prosperity and prosperity of the palace. Compared with the real natural scenery of Su Ci, it is much inferior. Another poem by Zhu Dunru, "Sha Sai Zi", said: "Thousands of miles drifting in South Vietnam, the mountains bring tears, and the wine adds to sorrow. The absence of the Phoenix Tower and the Dragon Palace makes me startled by autumn. I look at the river pavilion for nine days, surrounded by wild trees, and miasmatic clouds float. Red banana flowers with broken hearts. "Evening water flows westward." This is written about the Double Ninth Festival in South Vietnam. But what you see are "barbaric trees" and "miasma clouds", and those who are attracted by the scenery are "mountains bring tears, and wine adds sorrow". What stands out is the sadness of being in a foreign land when "the Phoenix Tower and Dragon Tower are missing". Zhu Dunru composed this poem after his journey to the south. His homesickness contained the pain of home and country, and his thoughts and art have merits. Volume 17 of Wu Zeng's "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" states, "Yan Chiyue's poems do not reduce the Chinese language of the Tang Dynasty." He also praised this word as "not diminishing the Chinese language". However, it is not difficult to find lyrics with this kind of content among the poets at that time. Compared with Su's lyrics, they are very different in interest. Comparing the two poems, there is a difference between rejection and recognition of the scenery of a foreign place, which further reveals the unique personality of Su's poems.
The writing technique of this poem is characterized by the extensive use of the same words. The repeated use of the same word at intervals is called "quasi-word" in some rhetoric books. (If used consecutively, it is called "duplicate", such as in Li Qingzhao's "Slow Voice" "Searching and searching, deserted, miserable and miserable.") Xu Angxiao, a Qing Dynasty man, said in his "Ci Zong Ou Commentary": ""New Odes of Yutai" The poem "Spring Day" written by Emperor Yuan of Liang Dynasty used twenty-three "spring" characters, and Bao Quan Fenghe used thirty "new" characters... I said that this style actually originated from Yuanming's poem "Zhijiu", so it deserves its name. It's called "Stop Drinking Poetry". "Originally, words and sentences should generally be chosen to avoid repetition. One of the four requirements for calligraphy practice put forward in "Wen Xin Diao Long·Chinese Calligraphy Practice Thirty-Nine" is "weighting out" and taking "the same character offends each other" as a warning. However, some authors prefer to use "the same word" to achieve another artistic effect: the tone is more beautiful, and the main idea is emphasized and exaggerated. There are many changes in usage, and there are still differences between them. Tao Yuanming's poem "Stop Drinking" uses the word "stop" twenty times in each sentence. It may have been influenced by folk songs. After all, it is a game. The poem "Spring Day" written by Emperor Yuan of Liang Dynasty said: "Spring brings beauty to the Spring Festival, and the spring breeze passes by. The heart of spring changes day by day, and the feeling of spring is abundant everywhere. The fragrance of spring is everywhere, and the birds of spring change day by day. The feeling of spring has become numerous, and the spring people are gone. The spring people are not seen. , Just look forward to the new scenery of spring. Spring brings sorrow to spring. Who can express the joy of spring garden? Where are the people in spring? When I think about the spring flowers alone, it is still like the past spring. "***The eighteenth sentence actually uses twenty-three words for "spring", plus "every day", "everywhere", "miss", etc. are used twice. The wording is overlapping and seems to be stacked. Another example is Ouyang Jiong's "Qing Ping Le" in the Five Dynasties: "Spring comes, and the spring rain is as thin as silk. The spring ground is full of red apricot stalks, and the spring swallows dance with the wind. The spring streamers are thin spring silk ribbons, and the spring boudoir is lit by spring lanterns, which is the heart of spring. Dazzling, nothing but spring dreams.
"This poem also writes about the beginning of spring. In order to highlight the feeling of hurting spring, ten "spring" characters are used in a row. Every sentence uses "spring", and two sentences use two "spring" characters. It also has a slight sense of stacking. . This is not the case with Su Shi's words. There are eight sentences in the whole poem, and seven "spring" characters are used (two of them are "spring breeze"), but they are not evenly arranged. Some sentences have two sentences, some have one sentence, and three sentences do not use them, which looks patchy; Sentences that do not use the word "spring", such as "dyed pink like flesh red" and "rolled poplar flowers like snowflakes", use two words for "red" and two words for "flower" respectively. In fact, when Su Shi wrote this poem, he did not intend to make such complicated changes. He was just inspired by the spring scenery of Hainan and wrote this poem with great concentration. Therefore, it is natural, true, simple and touching, without any disadvantages of playing tricks. There are many poets in later generations who are good at this method. The second part of "Butterfly Love Flower" by Zhou Zizhi of the Southern Song Dynasty: "Spring has gone, but people have gone too. The branches are still red, and I can't bear to look up. If the spring is willing to stay, who can I call? "Stay together with spring." The four words "spring" are used before and after, emphasizing the loneliness of "when spring goes, people also go." The second film of Cai Shen's "Traveling on the Sand" "There are hundreds of ways to keep you, but you can't stay. If you can't stay, you have to go. I hope you will come to me frequently in my dreams, so as not to be heartbroken by Wushan Rain", *** using five The word "jun" highlights the difficulty of retaining the monarch. These are all good examples. The creative background of the subtitle Mulan Hua·The Beginning of Spring
This poem was written in the second year of Yuanfu (1099). When Su Shi was demoted to Huizhou, he was ordered to give Qiongzhou a special command to the Changhua Army and was not allowed to sign official documents. He left Huizhou on April 19, the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097), and went to Changhua Army (today's Hainan) on July 2. Danzhou City) was demoted. This poem is a spring poem written at the beginning of spring in the second year of Yuanfu.
Poetry works: Reduced Words Magnolia · Beginning of Spring Poetry author: Su Shi of the Song Dynasty Poetry classification: spring, customs, scene descriptions, expressing feelings