According to Historical Records, Shun's father's surname is Gui, and his wife said his surname is Deng. Seeing the great flood, he was born in the ruins of Yao, so his surname is Yao. " Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty said in Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Yao and Yu Shun lived in the ruins of Yao because they thought they were surnames." Jin Huangfu Mi's "Emperor Century" also contains: "Born in the ruins of Yao." The chronicles of bamboo books also say: "Born in the ruins of Yao." The above three documents all say that Yao site was born in Shun.
Archaeologists believe that the Yao site should be located in today's Heze, Shandong, because Shun mainly lives in Heze.
Argument 2: Zhu Feng-one is Zhucheng, Shandong Province, according to Textual Research on Yanhuang Clan Culture, Mencius Li Lou, Ming Zhang Tu, Textual Research on Historic Sites in Zhucheng County of Qingganlong, Outline of General History of China (Fan Wenlan), Historical Draft of China (Guo Moruo) and Records of Chinese Emperors (Qingganlong), and the other is Linfen, Shanxi Province. According to A Qing Gu Zuyu's Reading Historical Records of Pingyang Mansion in Sanjin: "There are also many peaks, 40 miles northeast of the county, and Mencius said: Shun gave birth to various peaks, which is also covered." The existing Shunmiao Temple was destroyed by flood in 1974, and then moved to the west bank of Weihe River. Argument 1: Puban, the capital of Shundu-Pingyang, Shanxi,
Zhou Pu Hedong County in the Tang Dynasty: Pubancheng in the south of Hedong County is the capital of Shun. There is a Shun Temple in the city and an altar outside the city.
Song Yongchu's "Li Shanji" also said: There are Shun Temple in Puban City, Shun House and Fei 'er Altar outside the city. "
Gu's History of Jingfang said: "Puban, the capital of Shun, is now Pingyang County, Shanxi Province (now Zhou Pu, yongji city, Shanxi Province)."
According to Shi Mao Justice written by Confucius in the Tang Dynasty, Huangfu Mi said; "Shunying Capital, or Yunpu Sakamoto." Puban was Hedong County in the Tang Dynasty, which is now Yongji County, Shanxi Province.
Argument 2: Shundu Pancheng-Hebei Zhuolu.
"Water Classic Note" says: "Luoshui passes through the ancient city of Panxian or the capital of Yunshun." According to the "Geographical Expansion", "Shun is in the county, Shun Temple is in the north, and Jing Shun is in the outer city." "Historical Records" also said: "Shun was born in Jizhou and lived in Jizhou." Argument 1: Qianfo Mountain, Jinan City
Jinan, known as Lixia in ancient times, was named after Lishan. It is found in Spring and Autumn Annals, and its origin is the earliest. In addition, the cultivation of Shungeng in Lishan, Jinan, has been widely rumored and recorded in past dynasties. Wei Shou, a historian of the Northern Wei Dynasty, once served as the satrap of qi zhou, and wrote a poem "Climbing Zhou Qishun Mountain", which has been passed down to this day. Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Mirrors and Waters in the Northern Wei Dynasty records: "There is a mountain in the south of Licheng, and there is a temple on the mountain ... The book should be cultivated on the mountain, and the cloud is here ..." Ceng Gong, a famous scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, was appointed as the ruler of qi zhou in the fifth year of Xining (1072) and wrote two chapters of qi zhou. Ceng Gong thinks this is credible. However, some people think that although Lishan is in Jinan, it is not the Qianfo Mountain in the south of the city. There are eight notes in the performance of Feng Shiwen Ji Jian in the Tang Dynasty: "There are solitary stones in the east of qi zhou City, which are commonly known as Mount Li; There is spring in the north, but there is no Jing Shun; There is a small street in the east, and there are endless stone wells. Cloud is the well of Shun Dongjia. " Jing Shun was originally in the East Hall of a residential courtyard. There is a well under the wide table at the door, and a hill less than one meter is exposed on the water. 1976 During the dormitory construction of Jinan Metallurgical Bureau, this historic site was annihilated. During the period of 1976, there were still many place names and shop names in Jinan named after Shun. Shungeng Primary School, Shungeng Middle School, Shungeng Road, Jing Shun Street and Jing Shun can all be studied, which shows the profound influence of Shun.
Controversy 2: Lishan, Juancheng County, Heze City, Shandong Province
Juancheng County has a long history and is one of the areas where the Chinese nation developed earlier. It is called "the ancient cave". The recorded history can be traced back to the Five Emperors. "Taiping Universe" contains: "Zhou Pu now governs Juancheng County. Ancient Kunwu is old-fashioned, and Zhuan Xu is a relic. " "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" contains: "Yao buried the ancient forest, plowed in Lishan, pottery in the river, and fished. Gulin, Binjiang, Leize and Lishan are all in Heze. " "Zuo Zhuan" contains: a vast remnant, painted as Kyushu. Xia and Shang dynasties, the world was divided into Kyushu. Juancheng belongs to the territory of ancient Yanzhou.
Argument 3: Zhongtiaoshan, yongji city, Shanxi.
Lishan, south of Puban, the capital of Shun, is located at the western end of Nanzhongtiao Mountain in yongji city (Gupuzhou), Shanxi Province, where Shun cultivated, and now Lishan Village is located (now under Ruicheng County). Yongji Mount Li is the earliest recorded mount Li in ancient books, and there is a "Second Princess Altar" in the north of the mountain, also known as Empress, E Huang and Nv Ying.
"Historical Records of the Five Emperors" said: "Shun Li Gengshan, Lishan people all give way." Zheng Xuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty said that Lishan was in the east of the river. This Hedong is Shanxi Yongji (Gupuzhou), which was ruled by Hedong County in Han Dynasty, and Zheng Xuan was from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Historians believe that this is the Hedong described by Zheng Xuan. Yongji Lishan was first seen in historical records. "Shan Hai Jing Zhongshan Jing" records: "The head of the thin mountain is called Xiang jujube hill. ..... and twenty miles east, called Li Ershan. Bi Yuan said: "This thin mountain is the Zhou Pu of Shaanxi." . "Li Ershan is Li Ershan in southern Zhou Pu today. People who pass through the clouds speak slowly. Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics simply states that there is a Lishan Mountain in the south of the county seat, which is called the calendar view. Shun Geng Chu also. Li Daoyuan commented on Li Shanyun in other places: "In other cases, this ambition is unreasonable, and it is ok to spread doubts and prove mistakes. Anke has a different name, attached to the mountain, which strongly attracts Dashun, that is, winning Ningrang. "
Argument 4: Lishan, Qinshui County, Shanxi Province
According to historical records, "Shun was born in Puban (now yongji city), fished in Huoze (now Yangcheng County) and cultivated in Lishan." With a total area of 4000 mu, it is extremely flat and natural green grass is like a carpet. On the top of the mountain are the relics of Shungeng Lishan, ancient temple inscriptions, Nantianmen, Zhanlongtai and other scenic spots. Standing in Nantianmen, the highest peak of Shunwangping, you can watch the sunrise, the sunset and the Yellow River. Climbing the plateau at night, you can see the stars, like hundreds of millions of pearls covering the earth. In the mountain road, birds are stirring, flowers are intoxicating and fun is endless. There are scenery in all seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and scenic spots such as savage villas and yurts have been built, which makes tourists linger on the top of the mountain. The Qing county annals once recorded: "The ancient emperor devoted himself to farming, and the trace of a hundred years has been lost. Looking up at the mountain, the peak is low. Flowers bloom and smell the secluded path, and spring water flows over the far stream. The Yellow River is far away, and the sky is red and neon. "
Controversy 5: Lishan, Chizhou City, Anhui Province
The mountain is not high, but the fairy is famous. It is said that in ancient times, Shun Di first cultivated here, and his reputation spread far and wide. Emperor Yao came to visit and asked Shun to go down the mountain to help the court. Shun refused at first, but later he left angrily. Later, Emperor Yao pleaded repeatedly, and Shun felt sincere and went out to govern. Later generations commemorated the two emperors Yao and Shun's pursuit of talents. This mountain was named "Shungeng Mountain", and the place where Yao Di crossed the river was named "Du Yao" (Duyao Town). "Lishan Yize" has been one of the eight scenic spots in the county since Dongjiang County was established. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Taoists and Buddhists came here to build temples and shrines, and countless literati came here to visit, compose poems and express their feelings. Among thousands of poems, the poem Shun Temple written by Fan Zhongyan, a politician and literary farmer in the Northern Song Dynasty, is well written: "The ages are like the sun, majestic and good; Yu finally calmed down the water and Shun fumigated it. Outside the river and the sea, Gan Kun gave in; The villagers don't know about this, and Xiao Gu is grateful for the New Year. " Later generations named the stone pool that dried up all the year round after the heavy rain before Daozhen View as "Shunchi; With the change of the stars in the first thousand years, the concept of seeking truth, the temple of grass rules and the temple of shun have long been abandoned, but Yaochi and Shunchi are still the features recorded in historical materials.
Controversy 6: Lishan, Yongkang City, Zhejiang Province
There are related landscapes such as Shunchi in the mountains, and no historical materials have been found yet.
Argument 7: Lishan, Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province
Shangyu in Yuyao is one of the most controversial areas in Shun Di: the northeast of Heze.
In the northeast of Heze City, Shandong Province, it is also called Lei. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was more than twenty miles from east to west and fifteen miles from north to south. Because the Yellow River often burst in Cao and Pu areas in Song Dynasty, it was silted by the Yellow River under thunder. Lei Ze: In the 16th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (596). According to the Records of Jinshi Geography, in the second year of Zhenyuan (1 154), Leize was reduced to a town. From then on, Leize County will no longer be established. Also known as Lei, it was first seen in Shangshu Gong Yu: "Lei Xia is a Ze, and harmony will be the same." Geographically, "in the northwest of Chengyang County, Yin Ji." "Broad ambition" said: "Leixiaze is in the northwest of Guowai, Leize County, Zhou Pu, and the water of harmony and ju is in the northwest of Leize." Records of the Five Emperors says: "Shun Li Gengshan, Lei Yuze." Chengyang County was established in Han Dynasty, renamed Chengyang in Jin Dynasty and Leize County in Sui Dynasty. "Leize County is in Juancheng County, Shandong Province today, and its land is in the old urban and rural areas today. Leize County belongs to Zhou Pu in ancient times, and the former site of Puxian County is in Pucheng Town, Fanxian County, Henan Province. The ancient Leize County lies between the old urban and rural areas and Zhou Pu. It is now located in Ji Hu, Mudan District, Heze City, and is now a prefecture-level city in Shandong Province. " Heze was originally a natural ancient ze, which is the abbreviation of Heshan and Leize, hence the name Heze.
According to research, this statement is the most correct. Shun mainly lives in Heze area.
Controversy 2: South of yongji city.
Razer said that in today's Jinyong, Shaanxi, it originated in Lei Shou. Puze is in Lishan, that is, east of Wu Shan, not west. There is a mountain, but there is no river under it. As a result, Lei She's Shanxi theory has lost the support of factual basis.
Controversy 3: Pingliang District, Gansu Province
Razer is Guanshan Tianchi. Longshan mountain range. Liupanshan, also known as Liupanshan, is the source of backwater, which flows into Weihe River. So the ancients also called Longshan "Yishan" or "Yishan". He also wrote about mountains, mistaking them for mountains. Guanshan was called Wu Shan and wuyue in ancient times. In Wild East longitude, it is said that Razer is in Wuxi, which should be to the west of wuyue. According to this, the archaeologist Mr. Fan Sanwei verified that the western foot of Taomu Mountain in Zhuanglang, Pingliang, Gansu Province is now facing Na Ba, that is, Razer. In addition, Zhuanglang County is adjacent to Fuxi, Nuwa Activity Area (Qin 'an County, Tianshui City) and Dadiwan Site (Qin 'an County) of Paleogene. There are many mysteries in Chaona Lake, for example, there are many boulders scattered around, artificial water diversion causes the water level to drop, there are no birds in the sky, and technicians infer that there is no depth. During the Qin Dynasty, among the seven famous mountains and four famous rivers west of Huashan Mountain, wuyue was a famous mountain and Chaona was a famous river. Chaona is the representative of Zhuo Yuan, and its position is tied with the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, which shows the importance of Chaona.
Controversy 4: Taihu Lake