In Gothic art, church architecture is regarded as the highest achievement of medieval culture in the Christian world. It is different from the gothic art style of the stained glass window of Chatel classroom in ancient architecture and modern architecture. If Romanesque architecture is mainly represented by the cathedral of monasteries, then Gothic architecture is represented by the central cathedral of urban citizens. As the other two forms of Gothic art, sculpture and painting are produced and developed with the church as the axis.
Gothic painting is mainly colored glass window painting, which is abstract and decorative. Because the big windows of Gothic architecture occupy almost the whole wall, the usual method in the church-mural painting has no place. So the glass window painting developed.
There are two kinds of Gothic glass window paintings, one is mosaic glass window painting, and the other is stained glass window painting. The mosaic glass window painting is the original window painting, which is made by weaving the outlines of various objects with lead strips and then mosaic them with colored glass. The combination of single-line pattern and colored glass is its main feature. The mosaic window painting of Amiens Cathedral in France can be represented.
At the end of 13th century, stained glass paintings became popular due to the large demand of churches. Dyed glass painting is rich in colors, but its basic colors are red, yellow and purple. The stained glass windows of Chatel Church and Shirge Church are quite perfect works of art.. The sun shone into the church through the wide window. The light and color fills the air, making the church more magnificent, mysterious and full of wonderful religious atmosphere.
besides stained glass paintings, Romanesque paintings also include manuscripts. The manuscript painting is also the main aspect of Gothic painting art, which inherited Romanesque and developed in important cities such as Paris, and Paris University was once the center of book publishing.
The manuscripts in this issue are mainly for monks or priests and people of higher social classes, so the illustrations in the books are very elaborate. Compared with the works of the Romanesque period, the manuscript paintings of this period are mainly figure paintings, which are obviously influenced by the color art of stained glass, and also use the peculiar and vivid Gothic architectural style in the illustrations. Gothic style
Gothic art, also translated as Gothic art (French: Artgothique), is an artistic style originating from France, which started in the 12th century and prevailed in the 13th century. By the end of the 14th century, its style gradually became popular and naturalized, forming international Gothic art, until the 15th century, when the European Renaissance came, it declined rapidly. However, in northern Europe, this style still lasts for quite a long time. This style was reconfirmed in the 18th century, and the "Gothic Renaissance" movement praised the gloomy mood of the Middle Ages. It was still used occasionally after the 19th century. Early Gothic sculpture and painting are all part of huge buildings, while late Gothic sculpture pursues flat decorative effect instead of solid and concise treatment. This art form was considered as barbaric as the Goths by artists in the literary age, so it was named.
Style features
The main features of Gothic style are towering, gloomy, weird, mysterious, scary, etc. (attention should be paid to these features when rendering). Gothic painting is dominated by dark tones, full of blood, death, despair and strange breath. Painted characters are usually pale and bloody, and their postures are twisted, weird and scary. It often acts on elements such as broken wings, feathers and chains. And buildings are mostly churches, and other things with religious mystery. It is widely used in architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, clothing, fonts and other artistic fields.
Gothic art is exaggerated, asymmetrical, peculiar, light, complex and multi-decorative, characterized by frequent use of longitudinally extending lines. Its main representative elements include black dress, bat, rose, lonely castle, crow, cross, blood donation, white wings symbolizing angels, black wings symbolizing demons, roses, skeletons, butterflies and spiders. Other elements include vampires, blood stains, scars, churches, clock towers and antique dolls. There are black cats, bats, cemeteries, the moon, Frankenstein and Halloween in America.
Clothing features
Gothic clothing is characterized by dark, metallic, sharp black and dark clothes, silver ornaments, black hair, red hair or light blond hair, pale skin, black lipstick and eye shadow. Accessories include cross, pentagram, cross, cloak, shawl, etc.
There is also a special kind mixed in it (Gothic Loli). In fact, Gothic Loli is not a kind of Gothic, but a fusion of Gothic and Loli. The main clothes are usually black, white, red and pink. Usually it is dark, but there are also "white Goth" which is mainly white.
unlike gothic culture, which is dominated by darkness and pallor, there are no hard and fast rules on hair color and makeup. But usually black hair, blonde hair, pink hair, silvery white hair, and scar or extremely delicate makeup are the biggest. Among them, blond hair and pink hair run counter to the black hair of Gothic culture after punk. In addition, I often wear silver ornaments and accessories with special meanings (the accessories are consistent with the Gothic elements mentioned above).
Gothic fonts
There are many kinds of Gothic fonts, which are thin, slender, weird, retro and gorgeous, with a little dark and sacred colors, and clear black and white. Used in scripture transcription, ancient book covers and tattoos, Gothic fonts complement each other with other Gothic art forms. Gothic fonts are mainly used in Latin alphabet (such as English, German, Russian, French, etc.)
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is an architectural style that originated in France in the second half of the 11th century and was popular in Europe from 13th to 15th century, and is often used in European cathedrals, monasteries, castles and palaces. The basic construction of Gothic architecture is pointed arch and ribbed vault. The overall style is tall and thin, showing mysterious, sad and lofty strong feelings. Milan Cathedral and Siena Cathedral are both typical Gothic buildings. At the same time, Cologne Cathedral in Germany is one of the highest churches in the world that perfectly combines medieval Gothic architecture and decorative elements.
However, apart from these well-known details in architecture, there are some small details that are the essence of Gothic architecture.
Gothic music
Gothic music is characterized by sadness, depression, profundity and touching people's hearts. In the romantic movement, Goth is considered to be connected with darkness, ghosts and strangeness, and obsessed with the expression of the dark side of human beings.
The early days were full of depression and world-weariness, and the music was both icy and exquisite, which was an extreme contempt for all traditional music. The later period is the pursuit of darkness repression, death aesthetics, religious complex and aestheticism. It excavates the space that magnifies human feelings, arouses aesthetics and thinking, raises the artistic appreciation caused by music to philosophical thinking, and then affects people's value system. What is Gothic Style? What are the characteristics of Gothic Style?
Gothic, also translated as "Goethe", originally refers to Goths, belonging to a Germanic tribe in Western Europe. It was first used in the Renaissance to distinguish the artistic styles of the Middle Ages (5th-15th centuries). Its origin came from the German Goths who invaded Italy in the 3rd-5th century and disintegrated the Roman Empire. In the 15th century, Italians had the idea of rejuvenating ancient Roman culture, which led to a splendid Renaissance. Because Italians could never let go of their historical enmity over the destruction of the Roman Empire by the Goths, in order to distinguish themselves from this period, they called the artistic style of the Middle Ages "gothic", which means "barbarism". Although the word "Goth" has a somewhat negative meaning, in fact, a large number of Gothic-style works are artistic.
Gothic, as an artistic style, is characterized by towering, gloomy, weird, mysterious, scary, etc. It is widely used in architecture, sculpture, painting, literature, music, clothing, fonts and other artistic fields. Gothic art is exaggerated, asymmetrical, peculiar, light, complex and multi-decorative, characterized by frequent use of vertically extending lines, which mainly represents elements.