2009 version of the exam description:
1, appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works.
2. Evaluate the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes.
Poetry appreciation includes two aspects:
1. Appreciate its formal image, language and expression skills.
2. Analyze their thoughts and feelings in content.
Classification and analysis of the answer mode of poetry appreciation in college entrance examination
1. The first mode: artistic conception analysis.
2. The second mode: analytical skill type
3. The third mode: language feature analysis.
4. The fourth mode: refining fonts
5. The fifth mode: one word leads the whole poem.
The first mode: artistic conception analysis
1. Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
2. Question variation: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
3. Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
Images in poetry
1. Character image:
First, the poet image "I" in poetry generally refers to the lyric hero, that is, the author himself.
B, other characters in the work.
2. Picture:
Image is an objective image that affects the author's subjective feelings in poetry and is the carrier of the poet's feelings.
4. Answer steps:
(1) describe the picture in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
Exercise 1
Two quatrains (Part I)
Du Fu
Jiangshan bathed in spring, how beautiful, flowers send flowers.
Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach.
(Note: This poem was written by the poet when he temporarily stayed in Chengdu Caotang after "four tours at one year old". )
What kind of scenery does this poem depict? What kind of feelings did the poet express? Please analyze it briefly.
The second mode: analytical skill type
1. Q: What kind of expression is used in this poem?
2. Title change: Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique, or technique) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect?
3. Solution analysis: Expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must be familiar with some common expressions. Expression techniques can be divided into three categories: lyric techniques, descriptive techniques and rhetorical techniques.
Lyricism can be divided into direct lyricism (expressing one's feelings directly) and indirect lyricism, and indirect lyricism can be divided into lyricism by borrowing scenes (blending scenes, blending feelings with scenes), lyricism by holding things, lyricism by remembering the past and hurting the present, and instant lyricism. Description methods include frontal description and profile description, as well as line drawing, contrast and rendering. The common expression techniques of landscape poetry are the combination of reality and reality, the combination of movement and static, the combination of song and sadness, and the combination of up and down (or distance, intonation, time and space, melody, audio-visual). Other expressive skills include intonation, antithesis and so on.
4. Answer steps:
(1) Accurately point out the technology used. (2) Explain why this technique is combined with poetry. (3) This technique effectively conveys the poet's feelings.
Exercise 2
(1) Go early
the Chen Dynasty
Dewdrops invaded the camel's brown, Han Xiao was bright, and the stars were dry and bright.
Lonely bridges and dreams, grass insects singing in the depths of rice fields.
■ What does this poem mainly express? What's the effect?
(2) Read the following two ancient poems and then answer this question. (6 points)
Du Mu, a title of Qi 'an County, China.
On the bridge of Erji Sunset Creek, half a ray of light smoke is in the willow shadow. How many violets depend on each other and hate each other, looking back at the west wind for a while.
Yang Wanli on the lotus pond at dusk
The grass shook its head and suddenly reported Nong, and the shawl stopped a westerly wind. The lotus is still hot at dusk, and its lower face is hidden in a blue umbrella.
(1) These two poems describe the scenery at the moment of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the lotus and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the main images of the poems. (2 points)
(2) What expressions are used in these two poems to depict the image of "He"? Please point out the different emotional characteristics of "Lian" in the two poems and make a brief analysis. (4 points)
The third mode: analyzing language features.
1. Q: What are the linguistic features of this poem?
2. Question variation: Please analyze the language style of this poem. On the language art of this poem.
3. Solution analysis: This question type does not require trying to figure out the clever use of individual words, but to taste the language style expressed by the whole poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous, easy to understand, colloquial, euphemistic, uninhibited, graceful, concise and vivid. ...
4. Answer steps:
(1) Use one or two words to accurately point out language features.
(2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem.
(3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
Exercise 3
Resentment in spring
Get rid of the oriole, get rid of all the music on the tree.
They woke her up when she dreamed that she went to meet him in Liaoxi camp.
Please analyze the linguistic features of this poem.
The fourth mode: refining fonts
1. Q: What is the most vivid word in this couplet? Why?
2. Problem variant: One sentence has always been praised. What do you think of it?
3. Answer analysis: The ancients paid attention to refining words in poetry, that is, they asked to taste the beauty of these refined words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
4. Answer steps:
(1) Explain the meaning of this word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association and put the word in the original sentence to describe the scene.
(3) point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of feelings it expresses.
Exercise 4
Nanpubie
Bai Juyi
In the bleak drudgery of Nanpu, the autumn wind is bleak.
Turn back immediately, my heart is broken, so I can leave and don't look back.
People used to think that the word "Kan" seemed ordinary, but it was actually very vivid. Do you agree with this statement? Why?
The fifth mode: one-word collar full poem style.
1. Q: One word is the key to the whole poem. Why?
2. Solution analysis: Ancient poetry is very particular about conception, and often a word or a word constitutes the clue of the whole poem, which constitutes the emotional tone and thought of the whole poem. Grasping this word proposition can often be used to test the examinee's grasp of the whole poem.
3. Answer steps: The role of the word (1) in highlighting the main idea. (2) Consider the role of words in the structure of poetry.
Exercise 5
On a spring night, I smell the flute in Los Angeles.
Lipper
Yu Di's dark flying sound scattered into the spring breeze in Los Angeles.
Who can't get homesick when they hear that there is another village in the serenade?
Some people think that the word "folding willow" is the key to the whole poem. What does "broken willow" mean? Do you agree with "key"? Why? (2002 college entrance examination questions)
Training after class
1: Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question. (8 points)
Hearing the wind from the bamboo window, he sent a wonderful method to find Uncle Sikong.
Yili
Sitting alone by the breezy window at dusk, meditating on leisurely thoughts far away from the sky.
The breeze opened the door, stirred the bamboo forest and doubted the arrival of old friends.
Dewdrops on the branches and leaves fall from time to time because of the wind, which gradually moistens the dark green moss under the steps.
When the wind blows open the curtains in the room, it wipes away the dust accumulated for a long time for me.
(Note: Miao Fa and Si Kongshu are Li Yi's poetry friends. )
(1) The poem begins with "breeze" and runs through the whole article. Please specify.
(2) What kind of atmosphere does the phrase "the branches are slightly dyed" render? What kind of mood did the author express?
(3) Which sentence in the poem can remind people of the story of "bosom friend"?
2: Read the following words and then answer the questions. (6 points) Bodhisattva White
The flat forest is misty, and the cold mountain area is compassionate. When the color enters a tall building, someone upstairs is worried.
The jade steps stand empty, and the birds fly quickly. Where is the return trip? The long pavilion is shorter.
(1) Classical poetry pays special attention to the refinement of words. Please briefly analyze the role of the word "empty" in expression. (2 points)
(2) Regarding the content expressed in this poem, some people think that it is "wandering home", some people think that it is "thinking about women and people", and some people think that it is both. What's your opinion? Please briefly explain the reasons. (4 points)
3. Read the following Song Ci, and then answer this question.
Gu Gu Tian Yan Dao Ji
Shili terraces lean on green, and cuckoos crow in the depths of flowers. Talking to pedestrians diligently is not like a songbird flying for the second time.
Sleep in a dream, when it clears up that day. It's better to return than to return. Is it true that the end of the world has not returned, and it is impossible to strive for a return date?
Why does the author describe the cuckoo's cry in this poem? What do the last two sentences mean? What thoughts and feelings did the author express?
The answer can be found online.