Students, do you know what a will is?
What do wills usually write?
I collected the wills of some famous people. Let's read it.
Show students the wills of Lu Xun, Sun Yat-sen and Zhou Enlai.
Second, look at the questions to solve problems and understand the background.
1, Teacher: Students, 12 10 years ago, an 85-year-old man was about to die, and he also left his children a special will, which was a poem-Xiuer (blackboard writing);
2. Reading problems
3, guide to talk about the meaning of the problem.
○ "Show" puts things out to let people know. "Show it to your son" can be said to tell your son, and here it is an account for your descendants, which is equivalent to a will.
4. Who is this old man? How much do you know about Lu You?
○ Information presentation:
Lu You's Life Experience
1 Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Born into a noble family, he has little talent.
Filial piety acceded to the throne, especially given Jinshi origin.
3. Avenue for two years (1 166), was dismissed for advocating anti-gold.
He entered Shu at the age of 4.46, and successively joined Wang Yan and Fan Chengda Shogunate to help military affairs.
After the age of 5.66, he was illegally removed from office and retired to live in Yinshan for 20 years.
5. Transition: The 85-year-old poet is about to finish a bumpy and difficult life journey. He had given up everything, but he was dissatisfied with one thing when he died. He was so worried that he left this poem sadly and died.
What made Lu You worry about it and told his son before he died? Please read this poem twice and tell me.
Third, experience poetry and understand emotions.
1. After the students read this poem, the whole class communicates.
2. What is this poem about?
"When you die, everything is empty", and "Yuan Zhi" has learned that "everything is empty" is meaningless. To straighten out this sentence, we need to add the "I" that was originally omitted in the poem, and we need to change the word order in the poem according to our language habits today. "But I'm sorry I can't see Kyushu" and "but". "Jiuzhou Tong" refers to national unity. "Julian Waghann decides the Central Plains in the north" and "Julian Waghann" refer to the troops of the Southern Song Dynasty. [Set] Pacify and restore. The "Central Plains" area occupied by nomads from the north of Huaihe River. "Family sacrifices are not forgotten", and "family sacrifices" worship ancestors. No, don't. Naion, your father.
□ Let students talk about poetry fully.
□ Teaching knowledge points of ancient poetry with camera
(1) interchangeable words, Tong Yuan; Nothing. Pass it on.
(2) The meanings of ancient and modern words are different, but only.
Please read this will again loudly. Can you understand how the poet wrote this poem at this moment?
4. Students read poems and feel the author's feelings.
5. Communicate with the whole class. (sadness, grief, indignation, sympathy ...)
(1, the great rivers and mountains fell under the iron body of the nomads from the army.
2, the sadness that you can't wear military uniforms to kill the enemy yourself.
3. I am partial to the Southern Song regime, and don't think about the grief and indignation of recovering the homeland of the Central Plains.
4. Sympathize with the adherents of the Central Plains who have become conquered people and drag out an ignoble existence. )
Display materials:
Social reality at that time
In 1 126, nomads from the north invaded repeatedly, and Song Jun was losing ground. Finally, Bianjing (Kaifeng) was occupied by the capital Jinbing, and the mountains and rivers were broken and never unified. The Southern Song Dynasty imperial court fled south and settled in Lin 'an (Hangzhou). They lived in peace and did not want to defend their country. This situation lasted for 95 years.
Three years after the proposal was made (1 129), the army of nomads from the Golden Army invaded Yangzhou, and Zhao Gou, Song Gaozong, took Yangzhou as its temporary capital and fled in a hurry.
In the autumn of the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1 16 1), nomadic people invaded the south again, and Yangzhou fell and was plundered again.
6. Feel the patriotism of Lu You.
The purpose is to make students feel the main points of the material:
○ "Patriotism is the core of Lu You's poems".
As a singer of the times, Lu You naturally takes resisting the enemy and rejuvenating the country as the most important theme.
○ Lu You's patriotic feelings remain unchanged throughout his life. He has been looking forward to the opportunity to kill the enemy and serve the country and recover the Central Plains. On his deathbed, he was still inculcating his descendants in his last poem "Show Your Son".
Lu You lived in a war since he was a child. When he was only three years old, Bianjing was occupied by nomadic people. Since he was a child, he has made an ambition to resist gold and save the country. When he grew up, he personally went to the battlefield to fight against gold ... until the last moment of his life.
Lu You's strong desire to recover lost territory and reunify the motherland has never been realized. He can only use poetry to express his love for the motherland and his worries about the nation.
Show the following materials:
At the age of 20, he wrote in a poem, "Get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, dismount the grass army", hoping to go to the battlefield in person one day and kill the enemy to serve the country. It was not until he was in his forties that he had the opportunity to be an officer in the army and realized his wish for many years.
1, "The tears of the adherents are all in the dust, and Julian Waghann will look south for another year!"
("The Feeling of Going Out of the Hedge Door at Dawn in Autumn Night to Meet the Cold")
He wrote about the expectations of the people in the enemy-occupied areas for teachers in the old country.
2. "Although the three Chu clans can destroy Qin, how can they spare China!"
(A trip to Jin Cuodao)
He wrote the indomitable spirit of the soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty.
3. "Sleeping at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream."
("1 1 Storm on the 4th of the month")
Sick and stiff, I went to the front line in my dream, beheaded and seized the customs, and returned to my hometown in Han and Tang Dynasties.
4. The adherents are dying and looking forward to resurrection. Today, they are crying!
(Guan Shanyue)
He wrote about the deep sorrow and great pain of the imperial court's unwillingness to recover lost territory.
When I was a child, I knew that the world was unbearable and the Central Plains looked like a mountain.
It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. ……
(book rage)
He wrote more works to express his ambition to serve the country and his deep thinking about the country.
7. How do you feel after reading these poems? Read the whole poem "Shower" again with emotion.
8. Summary: Lu You has always longed for the north and south to split and unify the motherland. Kyushu Datong is the ideal for which the poet struggled all his life. He waited and hoped, so he got the poem "Looking south at Julian Waghann for another year". I have been looking forward to this day year after year and looking at the south year after year. I have been looking forward to it for sixty years. He is eighty-five years old, and there is no good news in the north. The determined poet once again sent out his inner sadness. When he "talked about unfinished worries and endless hopes for the last time", his mood was so sad and indignant. How can all patriots not cry when they read such a poem?
9, emotional reading poetry.
Fourth, combine reading and writing to experience emotion.
1 Students, let's cross time tunnel and come to the deathbed of this great poet more than 700 years ago. If you are Lu You's son, now look at your father. Although he has been ill for a long time and will die soon, his heart is more painful because the Central Plains cannot be recovered and the motherland cannot be unified. His face is thin, but his eyes are full of expectations and beliefs. He expressed death in a slow and deep tone.
What would you say to such a father? Please write it down!
2, the whole class communication, evaluation.
3. Teacher's summary: Yes, while Lu You was dying, he still remembered the territory and people of the Central Plains occupied by Jurchen nobles and eagerly looked forward to the reunification of the motherland. From here, we can realize how persistent, deep, warm and sincere the patriotic passion of the poet is, and how sad and indignant it is!
Students, let's pay tribute to this patriotic poet by reading!
Go back to the text and release the accumulated feelings again by reading aloud. )
Fifth, extend and internalize emotions.
1. A patriotic old man left with hope. Did his last wish come true?
2. Students discuss and answer.
2. Display materials:
○ Twenty-four years after Lu You's death, Song Meng joined hands to destroy the gold.
"It is better to see LuWuSheng before, irritable and open;
Knowing from a distance that Xiao Lu was ashamed, he recommended Julian Waghann to Luoyang. "
(Liu Kezhuang's Complete Works of Houcun University, Volume 11, Duanjia Miscellaneous Poems, Part 4)
Sixty-six years after Lu You's death, Yuan destroyed the Song Dynasty.
"Castle Peak is full of sorrow, full of war;
When I came to Sun, I saw Kyushu Tong. How can I tell the Nai Weng family about the sacrifice? "
(Lin Jingxi's Collected Works of Mr. Ji Shan, Volume III, after Lu Fangweng's edition)
○ 79 years after Lu You's death, he was defeated by Song Yushan and died in Song Dynasty.
Yuan Ting, the grandson of Lu You, heard about the changes in the mountains and died of grief and indignation.
Lu You's great-grandson heard about the change of Lushan Mountain and died without food.
Vernon, the great-grandson of Lu You, jumped into the sea and died in the battle against Yuan in Yishan.
……
These are not the results of Lu You's patriotic poetry teaching.
4. The teacher's statement: In the face of the invasion of a strong enemy, the occupied homeland and the crying of the people, one patriot after another stood up, and Lu You was one of them; One national hero was born, and Yue Fei was one of the most famous patriotic generals and national heroes in the history of the Southern Song Dynasty. His anti-gold deeds, together with his eternal swan song "Man Jiang Hong", will remain immortal and inspire generation after generation.
5. End of the course:
○ Question: What is the significance of learning the poem Shizi today?
○ Statement: Therefore, today's responsibility lies not with others, but with my youth. The wisdom of young people is the wisdom of the country, the wealth of young people is the wealth of the country, the strength of young people is the independence of the country, the freedom of young people is the freedom of the country, and the progress of young people is excessive progress. Young people are stronger than Europe and young people are stronger than the earth. The red sun rises, its bright road. ...
○ Only as Mr. Liang Qichao said, our country has a future, and the tragedy of Lu You will not happen. Students, let's use Lu You's patriotic heart to express the voice of our teenagers!
Some netizens commented:
Let me talk about my opinion, which may not be appropriate, for reference only:
1. A very important method in the teaching of ancient poetry is reciting, that is to say, when we are familiar with it, we have already completed a large part of the task, because we understand the content of the poem and the author's thoughts and feelings. What do we rely on? We rely on reading, familiarity and recitation, but judging from your design, you haven't let the students read enough.
2. You can arrange the author's relevant information for students in advance, so that they can check the information and report it in class, which is better.
Your expansion can be extended to the third article, but I don't think the latter one is necessary. Because the will is for family members, it is probably not directly related to Yue Fei and others. What you have to reflect on is that your family can resist gold according to the will.
In short, you should focus on understanding the author's thoughts and feelings through familiar reading. You must read it completely and carefully.
-Populus euphratica forest in Xinjiang
I think you let students read too little, because the main content of this class is to learn poetry, and the other content is only to help them understand this poem, so you can't reverse your priorities.
Yesterday my nephew came to my house and said that he had learned three ancient poems. I asked him to read them. But the book Not Worthy of a Garden has only thirty words, and he mispronounced three words, indicating that the teacher didn't let them read more in class. What's the use of talking so much?
We should make students understand that the author's thoughts and feelings can also be realized through reading. When students can read poems with indignation, can you say that they don't understand?
Your design and background materials have been introduced too much. Of course, the introduction of background is conducive to students' understanding of poetry and the setting of situations, but this is not unlimited, and the focus of teaching should be mainly on poetry.
I misheard what the family said.