1, Han Yu is the founder of Kuyin School.
Meng Jiao and Jia Dao, pioneers of bitter poets, were both promoted by Han Yu.
At the age of forty-two, Meng Jiao went to Beijing for the first time to take the Jinshi exam, but he failed in Sun Shan, leaving his poem "Lodi", but he lost his job in the East Corner and accidentally met Han Yu, the literary leader at that time. According to Old Tang Book, Meng Jiao was seventeen years older than Han Yu, and they hit it off at once. Han Yu highly praised Meng Jiao's poems and defended his unsociable personality, saying that all his interests and concerns were in poetry creation.
In the second year, Meng Jiao tried again, failing the list, leaving the poem "Next Time". At the age of forty-six, Meng Jiao went to Beijing for the third time at the behest of his mother, and finally graduated from college, writing the famous After College.
Under the recommendation of Han Yu, Meng Jiao made a great splash in the poetry circle, but his career was bumpy, and he became the magistrate of Liyang at the age of 5/kloc-0. According to the system of the Tang Dynasty, the county commandant was an official in the county government who specialized in daily affairs. Meng Jiao felt uncomfortable, had no passion for his work, and was often absent from work, forcing the county magistrate to find someone to represent him with the approval of his superiors, but he had to pay half of Dai Lu as the agency fee.
Three years later, Meng Jiao resigned from Liyang County Commandant and withdrew from the officialdom. I devoted myself to poetry creation and died of sudden illness at the age of 64.
Twenty years after Meng Jiao's death, Jia Dao became popular because of Han Yu. Han Yu wrote a poem "To Jia Dao" specifically for his brand promotion:
Meng Jiao died and was buried in Beimang Mountain. Since then, the situation has been temporarily idle.
I am afraid that the Tao in the article is absolutely lost, and the family Tao will be reborn in the world.
In his poem, Han Yu evaluated Jia Dao's talent as Meng Jiao's successor, and both Jia Dao and Meng Jiao said that their popularity soared. In the future, they will have the reputation of poetry prisoners and slaves, and they will also have the characteristics of being "thinner than suburban islands". In Tang poetry, there appeared a school of bitter songs characterized by paying attention to the tempering of poetry and deliberately seeking work.
2. Yao He, a famous poet.
Yao He was an outstanding poet in Tang Dynasty. At that time, he was very famous for his poems. He and Jia Dao are good friends and appreciate each other. The world commented that Yao He and Jia Dao had similar and shallow poetic styles, and they were collectively called "Yao Jia". Yao He is good at five laws, describing natural scenery and depressed officials, and sometimes has good sentences.
Yao He was transferred back to Chang 'an when he was about 48 years old, and served as a supervisor at the next higher level. At the age of 62, his last official position was as a director-general and supervisor from Sanpin. Yao He's official career didn't start until after he was forty, but he walked steadily. He was promoted almost every two years on average, and never demoted, which was a miracle in ancient times. What is the reason? The world thinks that Yao He has a good temper, is good at making friends, never makes enemies intentionally, and is not aggressive. Li Shangyin recorded in his Book with Tao Jinshi that Li Shangyin was appointed as the satrap of hongnong county and offended Sun Jian, the boss of Shanbi's envoy at that time. Li Shangyin, lofty and aloof, doesn't want to bow his head and walk away. What a coincidence that Yao He succeeded Sun Jian at this time. When he heard about it, he immediately called Li Shangyin back. It can be seen that Yao He is a kind person. Maybe he appreciates Li Shangyin's poetic talent?
Yao He is an expert in writing five laws. Please appreciate his poor words:
The general is in Guzhou, the water is greasy and the spring is soft.
The air at night and the songs and dances of the city have just gone away, and passers-by don't believe this is the end of the town.
The poor border is a remote border area, where residents have a stable life and rich nightlife, and passers-by don't believe it. Ha! He is praising the officials who guard this place for their strong management ability. His poems are plain and elegant, simple and ingenious, natural, and preferably true!
3. Weird young poets.
Meng Jiao and Jia Dao, two former poets, gave people the impression that they were aloof and unsociable, difficult to get along with others, and behaved strangely. As later poets, they will go up N floors. Here are a few representative figures.
Dong Li in the late Tang Dynasty was born in Jingzhao. He admired Jia Dao with admiration. He hung Jia Dao's Xiu Xiang on the wall of the first room at home, and regarded him as an "island Buddha", holding beads and chanting for 100 times every day. Some people laughed at his poems for being eccentric rather than steep, but he didn't agree.
He wrote many poems praising Jia Dao. In this move, he wrote a poem entitled "Poems of Master Jia Dao":
Jia Sheng's poems are wrapped in flowers, and lotus leaves are fragrant in Wan Li.
The supply of goods is insufficient for half a year, and the long beard is the top warehouse.
Look, he is praising Jia Dao to heaven!
There is also a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, Cao Song, who wrote the word Dream Sign. Zhou Shu (now Anqing City, Anhui Province) people. The year of birth and death is unknown. His poetic style is like Jia Dao's, and he is good at casting fine sentences. Like Dong Li, Jia Dao was worshipped as a god. Please enjoy his poem "Two Poems of Xi Guangzong Next Year":
How can the people be happy when Zeguo Jiangshan enters the war map?
Please don't mention anything about Hou Feng, how many lives will be sacrificed for a person's success!
Cao Song, who has lived at the bottom of society for a long time, sympathizes with the sufferings of the working people and hates war. To tell the truth, this poem is concise and meaningful, surpassing previous poems on the same subject.
Cao Song was dissatisfied with reality, but he was keen on fame. After repeated defeats and wars for n times, he finally entered the scholar at the age of 765,438+0 in Tianfuyuan year (9065,438+0). Coincidentally, Wang Xiyu, Liu Xiang, Ke Chong, Zheng Xiyan, etc. Scholars in the same list have been called "Five Old Lists" since ancient times. Thanks to the special policies given by the emperor at that time, he was appointed as a school book lang and later as a secretary. It's a pity that the bald man has a beard and is dying. He only served as an official for two years and died in 903. If it is customary to give an official position in two or three years, then he is really happy.
Sun Sheng, a scholar in Southern Tang Dynasty, was born in Sun Feng. Be proficient in poetry. In the world, it is judged to be sinister and vicious, and loves to engage in intrigue. When I was a child, when I was a Taoist priest at Jianji Taoist Temple in Lushan Mountain, I hung a portrait of Jia Dao on the indoor wall and served him politely. The audience thought Sun Sheng was ridiculous and abnormal, so they drove him away with a stick in a rage, which made everyone laugh.
When the east was not bright and the west was bright, he simply stopped being a Taoist and put on Confucian costumes. After visiting Tang's town, he was appointed as the secretary of the province. There was chaos in the late Tang Dynasty. Zhu Shouyin, who was guarding Bianzhou in the early days of Tiancheng, occupied Yimen rebellion. At that time, Sun Sheng was his assistant, helping him to rebel. Sun Sheng often wears armor and holds a lance, leading a dozen cavalry to patrol the streets. Many people were killed by him, and the people gnashed their teeth at him.
Later, Zhu Shouyin was killed, and Sun Sheng went into anonymity, leaving his wife and children to flee to Chen Zhou and Songzhou. I met my comrade-in-arms and sent him across the Huaihe River. Because of his literary name, Li Jing, the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty, paid special attention to him. In the past 20 years, I have held many official positions, accumulated a lot of property and lived a satisfactory life. Sun Sheng doesn't have a dining table. Because there are so many maids at home, each of them carries a dish around him, which is called a "meat table".
When the Zhou Dynasty attacked the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Jing appointed Sun Sheng as Sikong and asked him to pay tribute to Chai Rong, Zhou Shizong. Chai Rong was very kind to him, and sent his right servant Liu Yue to accompany him and gave him many possessions. Every time I summoned him and asked him about the Southern Tang Dynasty, Sun Sheng only said: The Southern Tang Dynasty has harmed your majesty's heroic spirit and just wants to cede the land north of the Yangtze River for peace.
Knowing that he was plotting behind his back, Chai Rong ordered his arrest. Sun Sheng was grateful for the kindness of the Southern Tang Master Excavate and swore to repay him. When he was about to go to prison, Chai Rongling's cronies asked about Nantang, but Sun Sheng didn't answer. Sun Shenglin adjusted his clothes before he died. Looking south at Jinling, he said goodbye: "I can only sue the king to death." Although Sun Sheng is eccentric, he is also generous.
Fill in the blanks at the end of the article: Bitter poets are all accomplished talents, and their creative spirit of "casting words and refining sentences" is worth learning. Poems such as "Spring Breeze is proud of horseshoe disease", "One will make a great achievement and ten thousand bones will dry up" and "thoughtful" stories have been passed down through the ages. Why is there no trace of the Kuyin Sect after the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms? In my humble opinion, on the one hand, most of the poets of Kuyin School are eccentric and unsociable; On the other hand, deifying Jia Dao is suspected of heresy, which is not in line with social common sense, and it also cuts itself off from the road of innovation and development. If Han Yu were in the spirit of heaven, he would also sigh deeply!
Author brief introduction Zhao, pen name, member of Chongqing Nan 'an Writers Association and vice president of Literature Society.