Sometimes the lyrical host in landscape poems is the author himself
Generally, authors use borrowed scenes to express emotions. You can find the scenes in the poem to judge the happy scenes, sad scenes, and emotions. .
1. Image and artistic conception type
The image and artistic conception type questions mainly test three aspects: understanding of the lyrical subject image, analysis of poetic imagery, and appreciation of poetic artistic conception.
Questioning method
Image and picture: What kind of image does this poem depict (what kind of picture does it depict)? What are the characteristics of the scenery?
Image and artistic conception : What kind of artistic atmosphere does the poem create? Or directly point out a certain image and ask for a brief appreciation.
Background knowledge
1. Image - the image in poetry refers not only to the lyrical protagonist (lyrical subject image) in the lyrical poem, but more to the description in the poem scenery and objects. Imagery is the "image" that combines "meaning". It is the objective object used by poetry to express the poet's subjective feelings, including scenery and objects.
2. Artistic conception - an artistic realm formed by the organic integration of the thoughts and feelings that the poet wants to express and the picture of life depicted in the poem. Common terms for artistic conception characteristics: bustling and lively, lonely and deserted, quiet and graceful, majestic and majestic, bleak and desolate, quiet and quiet, etc.
Answer mode
Image and picture analysis: characteristics + image and picture positioning
Image and artistic conception explanation: artistic conception description + characteristic summary (or brief analysis of effects). That is, first describe the artistic conception of the poem in your own words, and then summarize the characteristics of the situation (such as majestic and majestic, high and far-reaching, quiet and graceful, bleak and desolate, full of vitality, lonely and deserted, etc.), or briefly explain the effect of the artistic conception.
Corroboration of real questions
Example 1 (2009 National Volume I) Read the following Song Dynasty poem and then answer the questions.
Cishi Lake ① Shufan Rhyme
Jiang Kui [Song Dynasty] ②
In the west of the bridge, there is a stretch of water leading to the village, with duckweed green traces on the bank pavilion.
I live in Shihu and there are no people there. There are many lotus flowers in the place, so don’t open the door.
Notes ① Shihu: Fan Chengda (1126-1193), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, left his job and retired to Shihu (in present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu) in his later years, and named himself Shihu layman. ②Jiang Kui (1155-1221?): named Yaozhang, also known as Baishi Taoist, was born in Poyang, Raozhou (now Boyang, Jiangxi Province). He wandered around the world and remained in office all his life. In the summer of the fourteenth year of Chunxi (1187), I went to see Fan Chengda. This poem was written around this time.
Question: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What scenery is it composed of? Please describe it briefly.
Answer: The poem depicts a quiet and tranquil picture of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, including small bridges, flowing water, villages, green banks, duckweeds, lotus flowers, houses, courtyards and other scenery.
Analysis: This question is an image analysis question. The first question is that the image is positioned as a "Jiangnan water town picture", which is characterized by "quietness and tranquility". The answer can be obtained by simple integration. The second question can be answered according to the requirements of the question stem.
Example 2 (2009 Liaoning Volume) Read the following Song poem and answer the questions.
Late stay in Yueyang
Ouyang Xiu [Song Dynasty]
I was lying down and heard the bells in Yueyang City, and tied the boat to the trees under Yueyang City.
Seeing the bright moon coming from the empty river, the clouds and water are vast and the river is lost.
The moon on the river makes it clear at night, and the people on the water are singing and returning under the moon.
The sound of a que can be heard for a long time, and the short bow of a light boat is like flying.
Question: There are three places where "moon" is mentioned in the poem. Please give a brief appreciation of this.
Answer: The third sentence states that the bright moon "comes" to hang over the river, showing that the author is on a journey with only the bright moon as his companion; the fifth sentence uses personification to present the scene of "the moon makes clear its brilliance" on a quiet night, which is also This serves as an introduction to the next sentence about the fishermen returning home; in the sixth sentence, the moonlight leads the people on the water to fly home accompanied by singing, bringing out the author's homesickness.
Analysis: This question requires a direct appreciation of the image of "moon", which belongs to the category of interpretation of imagery and artistic conception. The answer is to first describe and explain the three verses involving the image of "moon", and then explain the effects.
2. Emotional theme type
Emotional theme type questions mainly test three aspects: understanding of the emotions expressed, revealing the deep meaning of the poem, and grasping the theme of the poem.
Questioning method
Emotion - What kind of emotions does the poem express (what changes in thoughts and feelings)? Or it is required to analyze the author's mood contained in the poem.
Theme - what kind of social reality does it reflect (what is the theme)? Or ask questions about the theme sentences and key words, requiring analysis of the emotional theme.
Background knowledge
You should be familiar with the five common types of emotions in classical poetry:
1. Life aspirations, including the desire to make achievements and the lament that ambitions are difficult to achieve. , the ups and downs of officialdom or the depression of career failure, the pursuit of a clean life, the ambition to love the mountains and rivers, and return to the countryside, etc.
2. Worrying about the country's injury includes exposing the ruler's ignorance and decadence, expressing the pain of the loss of mountains and rivers, reflecting the heroic battles at the frontier, worrying about the rebellion of the people, worrying about the fate of the nation, lamenting the past prosperity and present decline, etc.
3. Feelings about life, including lamenting the spring and autumn, sighing that life is short and time flies by, lamenting the ever-changing world, and expressing the joy of comforting one's life, etc.
4. Feeling homesick and missing people includes feeling homesick while traveling, missing relatives and friends, being homesick on the border, feeling nostalgic in the boudoir, etc.
5. Farewell feelings, such as reluctance to leave, deep affection, and candid expression of one's aspirations, etc.
Answer mode
Emotion: Summary of poem content + emotional characteristics.
Theme: The specific content of the poem + the emotional characteristics or the theme of the poem confirmed by the real question
Example 1 (2009 National Volume II) Read the following Tang poem, and then answer the questions.
Early Autumn in Juncheng
Yan Wu [Tang Dynasty]
Last night the autumn wind entered Hanguan, and the moon was full beside the new clouds on the Western Mountain.
More urging the flying generals to chase the arrogant captives, but do not send horses back on the battlefield.
Question: What kind of feelings does the author express in the last two sentences of the poem? Please analyze briefly.
Answer: The last two sentences of the poem express the author's heroic feelings as a general guarding the border, with high morale and belief in victory. The third sentence describes the deployment and vigorous attack, showing high fighting spirit; the fourth sentence describes the determination to annihilate the enemy troops, showing confidence in victory.
Analysis: The appreciation point is "emotion", the answer idea is the total score, and the separate descriptions capture the content and emotional characteristics of the poem.
Example 2 (2008 National Volume I) Read the following Song poem and then answer the questions.
Four poems written by Jiang Jian (Part 3)
Pan Dalin [Song Dynasty]
The west mountain leads to the tiger's den, and the red wall hides the dragon palace.
Victory in form over three parts of the country, his merits will be passed down through the ages.
Sha Ming fists the egret, and the sky is vast and the flying giant retreats.
I envy the fishermen the most, returning to the boat with its tent covered in the rain.
Question: From the perspective of the whole poem, what kind of life does the author yearn for? Please analyze briefly.
Answer: The author longs for a secluded life.
①In the first two couplets of the poem, the author switches from the scene before his eyes to nostalgia for the past