According to legend, Wang Dun, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was in power and wanted to usurp the throne. One day, in Jiankang, Wang Dun invited Xu Xun, the founder of Taoism, and his entourage to drink and have fun. During the dinner, Wang Dun's dream was translated.
Wang Dun said he had a dream last night and asked if it was auspicious.
Knowing his intention, Xu Xun and others explained, "The sky is broken on wood, but there are no words. If you want to use a sword, don't act rashly. "
Wang Dun was displeased after hearing this, and secretly killed his heart. Xu Xun and others also expected it, so they fled by boat. When the boat reached the river, Wang Dun sent troops to pursue it. Fortunately, Xu Xun learned magic, told Erlong to fly with the boat, and warned everyone to close their eyes and not to peek.
When the ship flew over the purple peak of Lushan Mountain, it was foggy and the bottom of the ship rustled in the treetops. At this point, everyone on board was surprised and secretly went to see what had happened. Seeing someone peeping, Erlong suddenly left, and the ship immediately fell beside the Shimen Cave under Zixiao Peak and became Tiechuan Peak.
Although this legend is obviously a myth, it adds legend to the landscape of Tiechuan Peak and makes Tiechuan Peak more famous in the world.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Pure Land Sect of Buddhism was also born in Lushan Mountain. 38 1 year, Hui Yuan, 47 years old, went to Lushan to preach along Xiangyang and Jingzhou. Later, Tolin Temple was founded in Lushan Mountain in 384 and lived there for more than 30 years until his death.
Tolin Temple, located at the west foot of Lushan Mountain, is one of the eight Buddhist Dojo in China. Coupled with Lushan ravines, clouds, green trees and winding paths.
This landscape and architecture echo each other, forming a fantastic realm in Hui Yuan's mind. Hui Yuan is good at poetry and writing. In the long years of Lushan Mountain, he left many works, and later only Lindong Lushan Miscellaneous Poems and Lushan Records were left.
Hui Yuan's Lushan Poem is the earliest work among the later preserved Lushan Poems. Among them, there is a five-character poem "Traveling to Lushan Mountain", which is highly praised by scholars in past dynasties. The whole poem way:
Worship rocks, spit out the air, and live in seclusion. I hope that the voices will be played in groups and resound through Shan Ye. A guest travels alone, but forgets where he is. Wave your hand and stroke the cloud gate, and put your feet away. The flow of heart knocks on the mystery, and the feelings are separated. Familiarity is soaring, not soaring. Wonderful and interesting are self-balanced, and one enlightenment is better than three benefits.
Toringi has a long history and beautiful scenery. Surrounded by mountains and gurgling streams, there is a green screen in the south of the temple. In front of the temple, a clear tiger stream winds westward, and a stone arch bridge crosses the stream. A famous story in the history of Chinese culture, "Huxi San Xiao", happened here.
According to legend, after Hui Yuan monk came to Tuolin Temple, he "never went out of the mountain, never made his debut" and devoted himself to practice. He didn't even cross the Huxi Bridge. If he crosses the bridge, the gods and tigers on the mountain will roar.
One day, Hui Yuan saw Tao Yuanming and Liu off, and the three men walked hand in hand and chatted. The more they talk, the happier they get. Unexpectedly, after a few steps, the tiger on the mountain roared. They suddenly realized that the three of them smiled at each other and said goodbye to each other. This is Wen Yuan's folk story "San Xiao in the West of the Lake".
After crossing Huxi Bridge, the first mountain gate goes north 100 meters. There are four characters "Xiuzhi Lufeng" on the door wall, and the stone carving of "Jin Jian Torin Temple" is hung vertically on the door.
Stepping into the first mountain gate, there is a stone tunnel extending from north to south. On the east side of the tunnel stands a vigorous and tall, round-covered Luohansong, and next to it stands a big-bellied Maitreya Buddha engraved with the "Hall of Protecting the Dharma".
From here, you can see a row of halls. Among them, the exquisite and spectacular "Shenyun Hall" is tall and finely carved, with high eaves and high teeth on the back porch. There is a "wooden pond" in the temple, which is where the wooden temple was built in myths and legends. According to legend, the auspicious hall was built with good wood in a wooden pool.
On the west side of Shenyun Hall is the reception room, and on the east side is Sanzhitang. Adjacent to San Xiao Hall is the "Eighteen Sages" Cinema, where * * * Hui Yuan and 65,438+08 pure land Buddhists joined Anbaili Society to chant Buddhist scriptures, so it is also called "Buddhist chanting hall".
The west wall of the main hall is embedded with stone statues of "eighteen sages" such as Liu Chengzhi, Lei Cishi, monk Hui Yuan and Brahman Buddhabhadra. Fine carving, vivid image, distinct personality, different expressions and lifelike.
There are two water springs behind the 18th Gaoxian Cinema and Shenyun Hall. One is called Lingquan, where Hui Yuan and his good friend Yin Zhongkan often study, teach and chat together.
The other is the Gulong Spring at the root of Manjusri Wall. According to legend, it is a spring formed by Hui Yuan monks holding sticks and buckling the ground. Later, because his disciple Huian set the lotus leaf in spring 12 hours, it was also called lotus leakage.
On the mountain to the west of Tolin Temple, there is also Litchi Tower, the tomb tower of Hui Yuan, the ancestor of Pure Land Sect of Oriental Buddhism.
Mount Lushan Manjusri Station was also built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. On the manjusri stage, a stone stands out, with an elephant horn as empty as the sky, and it is called "Lingxiao Stone". There is a pavilion named "Old Mother Pavilion" on it, because Lushan Mountain is also called Lishan Mountain, which is said to be the place where Lishan's mother practices. This pavilion is also called Juxian Pavilion.
Manjusri Terrace is built on the west side of Tianchi Mountain, facing the ravine. Its top surface is half-moon-shaped, with stone steps on the left, guardrails stacked along the stone platform, and five stone chambers below. It is said that Manjusri Terrace was set up by later generations to commemorate Manjusri's creation of Tianchi, and the statue of Manjusri Bodhisattva was dedicated.
It is also said that Manjusri rode a green lion and saw the beauty of this mountain in the air. He was surprised and accidentally fell down, with his hips on the ground, with traces of half a month. Manjusri immediately worshipped the sun in the air, and later generations built stone platforms according to the signs, so it was also called worshipping the sun platform.
The surrounding environment of Manjusri Station is elegant and the trees are lush, which makes people feel that "if you don't board this station, you will win if you are not poor". If you climb to the top of the mountain, the peaks stand in front of you, the fields are splendid, the green hills are in sight in the distance, and the clouds and blue sky are shrouded in clouds, which is full of charm and elegance. Overlooking the green valley and Qingxi, it is deep and faint, full of wild interest.
With the passage of time, the beauty of Lushan Mountain has gradually become familiar to people. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the beauty of Lushan Mountain began to appear in the poetry creation of literati.
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the literary world changed the face of preaching Confucianism in the past and began to pursue the carrier, source and feelings of beauty. Due to the evolution of this god, the "majestic and mysterious" Lushan Mountain has become the object of landscape poetry and is favored by literati and poets.
The first person who paid attention to Lushan Mountain was the landscape poet Xie Lingyun. He was born in the most prominent aristocratic family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At that time, the poetry circle was still in the stage of "Zhuang and Lao repel each other, and the landscape is beautiful"
It was a difficult problem for literati at that time to find the spirit of landscape and its profound connotation to express their cultural feelings of advocating nature. Xie Lingyun came to Lushan at this time.
Xie Lingyun, who is good at traveling in the mountains, came to Lushan Mountain, climbed to the top of the mountain, looked around, found inspiration, and wrote the poem "Climbing Lushan Mountain and Looking at Zhushun":
Can't stop for a long time. However, if you want to drown, you will go back to the round. The canyon suddenly recovered and the smooth road ended. There is a combination of mountains and dragons, and there is a trace of yuan. Shade the sun and the moon day and night, frost and snow in winter and summer.
In his poems, Xie Lingyun is highly sensitive to the natural landscape of Lushan Mountain and recreates it, making it a beautiful poetic image. The change of nature and seasons also shows his external calm and inner anxiety, as well as his absolute hope for integration.
It is this fusion that is full of interest in natural landscape and strongly reveals the spirit of life that makes landscape poetry have the meaning of soul, life, vitality and high taste, and become one of the most important schools in China's classical poetry. Therefore, Lushan Mountain has become one of the important carriers of this school of poetry.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the famous poet Tao Yuanming also chose Lushan Mountain as a secluded place.
In 365, Tao Yuanming was born at the foot of Lushan Mountain. He lost his father in his teens and his family was poor. Although Tao Yuanming entered the official door five times after his death, he was "unwilling to be hired", and the officialdom was really incompatible with his own temperament, which was hard to please.
It can be seen from his poem "Clouds come out unintentionally, birds are tired and fly to know" that Tao Yuanming has always been attached to the strange peaks and waters of Lushan Mountain, and finally he left the official gate and chose Lushan Mountain to live in seclusion.
Tao Yuanming lives in seclusion near Mopanling at the foot of Yujing Mountain in Bailu Township, Xing Zi County. Backed by Lushan Mountain, facing Poyang Lake. You can enjoy not only the steep peaks, but also the vastness of Pinghu, with fertile land to work and convenient boats.
Tao Yuanming gets physical and mental relaxation here. His poems "Five Poems of Returning to the Garden" and "Poems of Coming and Going" reflect that his mood is so chic, so unruly and so respectable! The pastoral style he initiated influenced the whole China poetry circle in the future, and Lushan became the birthplace of pastoral poetry.
However, although Tao Yuanming wrote many poems about Lushan Mountain, he never wrote the word "Lushan Mountain" once. It seems that he is very harsh on Lushan Mountain, and only refers to Lushan Mountain with "Nanshan", "Nanyue", "Fu Nan" and "Xishan". This is probably related to what people called Lushan Mountain at that time.
In 4 10, Yin Jingren came to Xunyang at the order of Jin 'an County and lived next to Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming lived in Xunyang City at that time. It is precisely because he lives in Xunyang City that it is easy to call Lushan Mountain "Nanshan" according to the habits of people in this city, and he just casually sang the sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely".
Other names of Lushan Mountain in Tao Yuanming's poems, such as Nanyue, Fu Nan and Xishan, are probably similar to Nanshan. But in any case, there is no mention of Lushan Mountain in Tao Yuanming's poems, which makes people living in Lushan Mountain feel a little sorry later.