Calligraphy appreciates conscience.
Wang Shouren's main viewpoints are: "mind is reason", "unity of knowledge and action" and "to conscience".
So what is "mind is reason"? To put it simply, it is to follow one's own heart, combine one's own heart with one's own cognitive desire, and achieve the true unity of things and me. The two are interdependent. He believes that a person's ability to recognize foreign things is an instinctive existence, and the function of the heart is to judge things. If a person can play the role of the heart to the extreme, then he can truly reach the realm of unity of things and me and gain insight into everything.
The premise of "unity of knowledge and action" is "to conscience". Here, "to conscience" refers to a person's inner ideological and moral cognition, and only in this way can we fundamentally follow ourselves. "Unity of knowing and doing" means that a person's cognition and action are interdependent rather than independent, and both are indispensable. If a person knows something in his heart, then he will take certain actions to complete this cognition and put it into practice. It was Wang Shouren's unique and profound viewpoint that made the study of mind one of the mainstream thoughts in Ming Dynasty.
In addition to the above three basic viewpoints about psychology, the learned Mr. Yangming has many other viewpoints about psychology waiting for us to explore and read.
The famous saying Wang Shouren was a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty. He was called Gong by later generations and left a wealth of famous sayings and aphorisms for later generations, which contained profound meanings and made them think deeply.
Appreciation of Wang Shouren's famous calligraphers
Among them, the most popular sentence is "it is easy to break a thief in the mountains, but it is difficult to break a thief in the heart". This is a sentence written by Zuo Shu in the 13th year of Mingde when Douchayuan suggested that Wang Shouren go to Jiangxi to suppress bandits. He told his disciples that it was easy for him to suppress local bandits, but it was really difficult to fundamentally correct the ideological cognition of bandits and local people. Their cognition has been formed, and the root of social instability is still difficult to eradicate. It is not difficult to see from this sentence that if you want to change a person, you must start from his heart. Only in this way can you achieve real change. On the historical stage of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Shouren's profound cognition was at the forefront of the times.
Everyone is familiar with the phrase "mind is reason". It refers to the integration of things and me, and it is an independent existence. Knowing the outside is a person's instinct, and the inside is a person's judgment on the existence of the world. If we can give full play to the role of the heart and achieve the unity of things and me, then this person can gain insight into everything. In today's society, this also has important extension significance. It is impossible for a person to judge things only by his own sensibility, which requires the combination of rationality and sensibility.
In addition to the above two famous sayings, Wang Shouren, who is knowledgeable, has also circulated many other famous sayings and aphorisms, which need to be further explored. From his famous words, we can get a glimpse of Wang Shouren's tolerance, his own ambition and his obsession with politics.
Who's Wang Shouren? Wang Shouren is Wang Yangming, born in A.D. 1472, whose name is Bo 'an, and he is called Mr. Yangming. He is a famous thinker, writer and philosopher. He has written a lot in his life, and his most famous achievement is the combination of Lu Wang's theory of mind and nature.
Portrait of Wang Shouren
Wang Shouren, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, was born in a noble family. I have been familiar with poetry books since childhood, showing extraordinary wisdom. His parents moved from Yuyao to Shaoxing, the hometown of mountains and rivers, because of the good learning environment. Wang Shouren didn't live up to his parents' expectations. When he entered a private school at the age of twelve, he was able to debate world affairs with his teachers, talk about current affairs of the country, and feel deeply about personnel. I worked hard during my private school, and then I took the exam for the first time. Although Juren missed the position of the top scholar several times, at the age of 27, he was already a top scholar in high school and served as the head of the punishment department. Later, he became the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi and became a real pillar of the court. It was supposed to be human, but when he was inspirational, he was denounced by the court one after another. Although he recovered in his later years, it was too late to make suggestions for the court.
Due to the obstruction of his official career, Wang Shouren began to fully understand Tao, understand the Confucian way of mind learning, and widely accepted believers to give lectures. He advocated "to conscience" and "the unity of knowledge and action", and opposed Zhu's theory of "knowing people by things", arguing that "knowing people by things" deprived people of their nature and was too complicated.
Throughout Mr. Yangming's life, he asked for advice for the court, taking the rise and fall of the country and the rise and fall of the world as his own responsibility. Academically, he inherited and developed the theory of mind, making it one of the mainstream theories in the Ming Dynasty and spreading it abroad. In his life, he has been writing without polish, and his literary works are many and wonderful, and he is worthy of his heart by integrating the mystery of his heart into calligraphy.
There are two reasons why Wang Shouren's disciple's theory of mind was widely spread in later generations: first, it broke the bondage of the mainstream thought in the past to people's thoughts and liberated them; Second, Mr. Wang Yangming gave lectures in the hospital all his life, and he was widely accepted. His students further developed and spread his ideas.
Disciple Wang Gen
Mr. Wang Yangming's disciples are not only local children, but also overseas children from Southeast Asia such as Japan and South Korea. It can be said that his mind thought has played a certain role in the mainstream thought of Southeast Asia. So what are the more famous of his disciples?
Wang Gen founded Taizhou School of Mind in his life, which laid a good foundation for the further spread of Mind. He has many disciples, but he still has great influence in today's society. His disciple, Ji, a great scholar in Ming Dynasty, followed him all his life and took it as his duty to carry forward the theory of mind. Among the Japanese disciples overseas, there are well-documented Japanese general Tougou Heihachirou, Zhongjiang Brawly, known as the sage near the river, Saigō Takamori, the leader of the Japanese curtain movement, and even a Korean scholar Li tui.
In addition to formal and supernumerary disciples, there are a large number of followers, such as thinker Wang Zongxi, scholar Li Zhi and scholar Liu in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
It is not difficult to find out from the relevant information that most of Mr. Wang Yangming's disciples are employed as officials, with high and low positions. It can be seen that the theory of mind had a great influence on the politics and thought of the Ming Dynasty.
In the sense of dissemination and development, the theory of mind can have such a great influence on future generations, and the disciples accepted by Mr. Wang Yangming played a great role.
His works, known as Mr. Yang Ming, were a master of mind and a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty. Later generations even addressed him as a public after his death. In addition to his official career, he also gave lectures in the Legislative Yuan and handed down a large number of literary works. What works does he have?
workbook
Wang Shouren's works are fluent, and his ambition can be seen between the lines. Nowadays, his philosophical works are widely circulated, such as Biography, The Complete Works of Yangming, University Questions and so on. In Biography, the main content is to collect letters and quotations from Wang Shouren, his friends and students, and objectively summarize the main points of Wang Shouren's psychology, which provides an important basis for later scholars to study Wang Shouren Thought and his psychology theory. In addition, Mr. Yangming's Complete Works of Yangming, also known as Wang Wen's Book of Success, occupies an important position in the study of mainstream schools in China in the Ming Dynasty. Da Wen Xue is an important teaching classic and a record of the essence of psychology. Through the way of question and answer, the main essence of psychology is expounded concisely and clearly.
In addition to related works on psychological research and development, Wang Shouren also has high attainments in poetry. Poetry is the main way for him to express his feelings and feel the changes of the world, which is indispensable. Poetry pays attention to concise words, rigorous structure and catchy words. The content of poetry is based on daily life, but it is small and big.
Looking at his works, we can see that Wang Shouren has a wide range of knowledge and is not limited by subject matter. In addition to the books and poems listed above, there are more essays, A Journey on Earth, and Sanqu Hermit.