Taishan miscellaneous use
The northwest sky is low and five tops are high, and the vast Songhai is exposed.
Taihang Mountain is still thousands of miles away, and the call sign is abandoned at the bottom of the well.
Thousands of valleys and mangokus are located in a male position, occasionally seeing howard the duck.
The stormy waves have been thunderous and full of evil, and it is even more meteorological in Yunshan.
Mountain clouds are slightly green, light green and deep blue are heavy.
This kind of scene should only exist in the sky. Do you know that you are at a wonderful peak?
To annotate ...
Looking north from Wutai Mountain, the sky looks low, but the five tops of Wutai Mountain look higher.
2 Lingao: Tortoise. According to ancient myths and legends, there is a grand canyon in the east of Bohai Sea with no bottom. Among them, there are five fairy mountains (Yingzhou, Penglai, Abbot, Jiao Yuan and Daiyu), which often drift and bump with the waves. God raised fifteen giant aojiang above his head, and the five mountains stood still. This sentence describes the waves of Songtao, the top of the mountain is like the top of the mountain, and Wuxian Mountain is used to describe five stops.
(3) Residual mountain at the bottom of the well: refers to the comparison between the mountain and Wutai, such as residual mountain at the bottom of the well.
④ Overpass: refers to the natural formation of Wutai Rock and Gully.
Magic: magic, beyond human power.
⑤ Rapidly flowing stream: Rapidly flowing stream. Wind, thunder and evil: describe the loud noise of water flowing like thunder.
6 Cuiwei: Castle Peak. White clouds are floating among the green hills.
⑦ Miaofeng: the highest peak in Buddhist legend, here refers to Wutai Mountain.
About the author:
Yuan Haowen (1 190 August 10—1257 October 12 [1]), whose name is Yishan, was called Mr Yishan [Taiyuan Xiurong (now Xinzhou, Shanxi). Famous writers and historians from the late Jin Dynasty to Mongolia.
Yuan Haowen is intelligent since childhood and has the reputation of "child prodigy" [3]. Xuanzong of Jin Dynasty was Xuanzong for five years (122 1 year), and Yuan Hao asked Jinshi He. In the first year of Zheng Da (1224), it was authorized by national history to compile and edit macro words, and the patent was officially known [2]. After the downfall of the Jin Dynasty, Yuan Haowen was imprisoned for several years. Returning to my hometown in my later years, I lived in seclusion at home and concentrated on writing. In the seventh year of Yuan Xianzong (1257), Yuan Haowen died at the age of 68.
Yuan Haowen is the main representative of northern literature in the confrontation period between Song and Jin Dynasties, the literary leader and the bridge between Jin and Yuan Dynasties. He was honored as "hero of northern literature" and "literary Sect". He is good at writing poems, essays, words and songs. Among them, poetry has the highest achievement, especially its "mourning poetry"; His ci is the best in Jin Dynasty, and can be compared with the famous artists in Song Dynasty. Although his Sanqu was not handed down from generation to generation, it had a great influence at that time and had the merits of advocacy. There are the complete works of Mr. Yuan Yishan and Zhongzhou Collection [4].
The author's life:
family background
Yuan Haowen is said to be a descendant of Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty. His ancestors moved to Luoyang, Ruzhou (now Linru County, Henan Province) and Pingdingfu (now Pingding County, Shanxi Province) and other places. Yuan's great-grandfather was curious, so he moved to Xinzhou and became a Xinzhou native. His grandfather, Yuan Zishan, was a teacher in Roufu (near Tuoketuo, Tumd Right Banner, Inner Mongolia) in the second year of Jin Dynasty (1 157). Father Yuan Deming failed many times in the imperial examination, taking teaching rural studies as his profession and writing Dongyan Collection. [5]
study abroad
On July 8th, the first year of Jin Zhangzong Ming Chang (1 190 August 10), Yuan Haowen was born in a scholar-bureaucrat family in Xinzhou rural area. Since the second and third uncles have no sons, Yuan Haowen has three brothers. He is the third. Rooted in the tradition of China, his uncle Ge Yuan adopted him as his adopted son seven months after his birth, and immediately took him to Yexian as the magistrate.
According to records, Yuan Haowen was talented and could write poems at the age of seven, and was known as a "child prodigy" [3]. When he was eleven, Ge Yuan worked in Jizhou. Yuan Haowen was appreciated by Hanlin's bachelor and chose to "love beauty with teaching as the text". At the age of fourteen, Yuan Haowen learned extensive knowledge of Confucian classics and history from Hao Jinqing, a native of Lingchuan. When Yuan Haowen was seventeen, Ge Yuan was expelled from lingchuan county, but for the sake of his son's studies, he continued to live in Lingchuan until Yuan Haowen finished his studies at the age of nineteen. [5]
Frustrated in the examination room
Yuan Haowen began to take the imperial examination at the age of sixteen. Because of the "exemption from provincial examinations" in the first year of Ming Chang in Jin Zhangzong (1 190), I went directly to Bing to take the provincial examination, but I was not on the list. Later, in the eighth year of Taihe (1208) 19 years old, he went to Chang 'an to take the government exam, but this time he failed. [5]
Chibi map
Yuan Haowen returned to his hometown at the age of 21 and studied in Yishan, Dingxiang, dozens of miles away from the ancestral temple, hence the name "Yishan Mountain Man". Two years later, the Mongolian army raided Xiurong, killing more than ten thousand people and his younger brother Yuan. In order to avoid the military disaster, Yuan Haowen moved his family to Fuchang, Henan Province, and then moved to Dengfeng. [5]
In the first year of Shao Weiwang's Chongqing (12 12), Yuan Haowen went to Zhongdu (now Beijing) for the third time and still failed. In the first month of this year, 300,000 troops of the rulers were defeated by Mongolia, and Mongolia approached Zhongdu. The bumpy road, the crisis of the country and the failure of the exam made him very depressed. [5]
In the second year of Zhenyou (12 14), the Mongols besieged and the nomads retreated. Jin Xuanzong moved to Nanjing in a hurry, and Yuan Haowen went to Bianjing this summer to prepare for the exam to be held in autumn. Although he failed in the exam again, he took the opportunity to make friends with Zhao Bingwen, Yang, Li Yan and other celebrities in the DPRK, and his poetry creation was extremely rich. Among them, JiShan, QinTai in Lu Yuan County, etc. , won the appreciation of Zhao Bingwen, then minister of does, whose titles shook the capital, and he was known as a "gifted scholar in Yuan Dynasty". [7] But soon due to the siege of Mongolian soldiers, Yuan Haowen had to flee from Shanxi to Henan, and gradually settled down in western Henan. In the fifth year (12 17), 28-year-old Yuan Haowen went to Beijing to take the exam again, but he still failed. [5]
A bumpy career
Yuan Haowen, the 32-year-old champion of Xingding for five years (122 1), was falsely named as "party member in Yuanshi County" because of a dispute in the imperial examination class, and angrily refused to be elected. In the first year of Zheng Da (1224), 35-year-old Yuan Haowen was rewarded by Zhao Bingwen and others, and won the imperial examination in China with excellent results. Yuan Haowen was officially selected after being awarded the first prize in the macro-character section, and was appointed as the editor of the National History Institute. He stayed in Bianjing as an official, but his life was quite poor. [8]
? Yuan Haowen
In the second year of Jin Aizong (1225), Yuan Haowen, 36, returned to Dengfeng because he was dissatisfied with the life of an honest official. During this period, he wrote an important book "On Du Fu's Poetry", which included Du Fu's life, chronicle and comments on Du Fu's poems since the Tang Dynasty. [5]
In the third year of Zheng Da (1226), Yuan Haowen was appointed as the county magistrate of Zhenping. The following year, it was changed to Henan Neixiang County Order [9]. Later, due to the death of his mother Zhang, Yuan Hao asked Ding You to live in the inner town of Bailuyuan. At the invitation of my ambassador to Dengzhou, he became an adjutant. Soon, the Mongols captured Fengxiang and surrendered. Yuan Haowen took the opportunity to resign from the shogunate. [5]
In the eighth year of Zheng Da (123 1), Yuan Haowen was transferred to Nanyang County Order [9], which made drastic reforms and achieved remarkable results. Therefore, Henan local chronicles said that he "knows Nanyang County and is especially good at governance". "Nanyang County Records" records: "Nanyang County has more than 100,000 soldiers and civilians. (Yuan Haowen) Shuai Fu ordered the town governor, which is very powerful." [5]
The country was killed and imprisoned.
Shortly thereafter, Yuan Haowen went to Beijing to transfer gold, and the central government appointed Shangshu as the provincial magistrate and moved to Bianjing. Since then, he has been promoted to the general manager of Zuosi and transferred to Zuosi Yuanwailang in Shangshu Province. [9] The official knows all about Hanlin's patents [2].
Portrait of Yuan Haowen
In the second year of Tianxing (1233), the Mongolian army surrounded Bianjing, and Yuan Haowen was besieged. Jin Aizong fled the capital, defeated Weizhou and fled to the German government. When North Korea had no owner, Cui Li led his army to dedicate the city to Mongolia. After Cui Li surrendered to Mongolia, he coerced courtiers to erect a monument to sing praises for himself. Yuan Haowen, Wang Ruoxu, Liu Qi and others were all forced to participate in writing the inscription, grinding away the handwriting of Song Huizong's "Ganlu Monument" and carving it into an inscription.
In the second year of Tianxing (1233), in April, Mongolian soldiers invaded Bianjing. Yuan Haowen recommended Wang Ruoxu and other 54 scholars from the Central Plains to Yeluchucai, who was then the secretariat of Mongolia, and asked Yeluchucai to protect his appointment. [5]
After Jin's death, Yuan Haowen was captured with a large number of rulers, and was taken to Liaocheng, Shandong Province, where he was held for two years and then lived in Guanshi County. As a prisoner, Yuan Haowen traveled with his family to Liaocheng and other places, and gradually got in touch with Yan Yan, Zhao Tianxi and other Mongolian Han army leaders. His life gradually improved and he moved more freely.
During this period, he was saddened by the demise of the State of Jin, and in order to preserve history with poetry, he tirelessly edited the collection of poems of the late monarch and minister of the State of Jin-Zhongzhou Collection. In the name of "Zhongzhou" collection, it implies the deep meaning of remembering the old country and taking gold as orthodoxy. [5]
Old age life
In the autumn of the 11th year of Yuan Taizong (1239), Lu Ye Chu Cai accepted Yuan Haowen wholeheartedly because of his famous works. But Yuan Haowen, who is 50 years old, has no intention of being an official. In 2000, he returned to his hometown to live in seclusion, made friends in all directions, and devoted himself to compiling works. [5]
In the second year of Yuan Xianzong (1252), Yuan Hao asked for an audience with Kublai Khan, who lived in Huan and Fu. I hope to persuade Kublai Khan to respect Confucianism, ask him to be a "master of Confucianism" and urge him to appoint Confucian scholars to govern the country. [5]
On September 4th, Yuan Xianzong (1257, 10, 12), Yuan Haowen died in Lusu at the age of 68. [5]
Personal works:
Yuan Haowen is knowledgeable and rich in writings. It is said that his works are: more than 380 poems 1380 words, 6 Sanqu, more than 250 essays, 202 novels in 4 volumes, Zhongzhou Collection 10 volume, Tang Poetry Advocacy 10 volume, Yishan Yuefu. In addition, there are poems on mountains, Yuefu poems, and continued records. Collected Works of Mr. Yishan handed down from ancient times, and Complete Works of Mr. Yuan Yishan reprinted in Guangxu Reading Room of Qing Dynasty. [5]
In addition, there are many lost works: Golden Rooster, Dongpo Poems, Du Shi Lun, Poems and Self-Policing, Miscellanies of Renchen, Records of Words and Actions of Jin Dynasty, Nanguan Record, Ji Jianfang, Gu and so on. [ 13]