The Southern Qi Dynasty was the second dynasty in the Southern Dynasties in China, which was built by Xiao Daocheng. Let's take a look at the contents of the dynasty for your reference only! thank you
a: the southern qi dynasty (479-52) was the second dynasty in the southern dynasties in China, and it was also the shortest of the four dynasties in the southern dynasties, with only 23 years, which was built by Xiao Daocheng.
during the Song and Qi Dynasties
Xiao Daocheng, the founding emperor of Southern Qi, was the 24th grandson of Xiao He, the prime minister of Han Dynasty. Father Xiao Chengzhi was a general in the Song Dynasty. Born in Song Wendi Yuanjia for four years (427). At the age of thirteen, he entered the Lei Cizong Academy of Celebrities and received Confucian classics such as The Book of Rites and Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals.
in the first year of Thai-Henan (472), Ming Di collapsed, and later abolished the emperor's establishment and entered the auxiliary government of the DPRK. In May of the second year of Yuan Hui (474) and July of the fourth year of Yuan Hui (476), Wang Xiufan of Song Guiyang and Wang Jingsu of Jianping successively rebelled against each other, leading the troops to make peace, moving to the middle of China to lead the general and the military of all five States, and adding ministers to shoot left servants. In the fifth year of Yuan Hui (477), in July, the Daocheng knot abolished the emperor, and Yang Yufu and others killed and abolished the emperor, and made his brother An Cheng Wang Shu emperor, which was for Song Shundi and changed to Yuan Sheng Ming. Tao Cheng served as a servant, a common person, recorded the history of ministers, and rode a general, always leading the country's politics. In December of that year, Shen Youzhi, Yuan charm, Liu Bing, etc. were dissatisfied with Xiao's dictatorship, and they rose up to beg Xiao, who was defeated by Dao Cheng.
Xiao Daocheng, who had eliminated his dissidents, moved towards the position of emperor step by step. Arrange their own descendants or assistants to take over the military power at the local level, and appoint cronies to hold important positions in the court; In March, Xiao Daocheng was named Xiangguo and Qigong, and nine tin was added; In April, Xiao Daocheng was knighted as the king, and added special ceremony (the so-called special ceremony is also the highest courtesy for ministers: the sword goes to the temple, and he is not eager to enter the DPRK, and he is not famous for his praise). Once upon a time, Cao Cao, Si Mazhao and Emperor Wu of Song once got it, and now Xiao Daocheng has to get it. The fastest, the least credit. Xiao Daocheng's ambition, not in the world, only lies in the high position, then the next step, of course, is the Zen generation.
The process of the Zen Dynasty is a two-act drama of sadness and joy. First, the Song Emperor abdicated. According to the etiquette, Song Shundi needs to meet the officials in front of the main hall, and then hand over the seal. Xiao Daocheng is the emperor, and the title of the country is Daqi, and the Yuan Dynasty is changed to Jianyuan, which is for Qi Gaodi. Similar to Emperor Wu of Song's way of dealing with Emperor Jin Gong, he named Song Shundi the king of Ruyin.
Recuperation
Main entry: The rule of Yongming
Emperor Gao of Qi advocated frugality and opposed extravagance, and set an example by replacing all the utensils made of gold and copper, such as palaces and ceremonial ceremonies, with iron, and removing all the Yu Pei and ornaments from his clothes. When Gaudi Xiao Daocheng was in office, he often said, "Let me rule the world for ten years, and make gold and soil have the same price", which shows that he advocated thrift and practice. Emperor Gao of Qi appointed the Han people to be in power, carried out the law of inspection of records, strictly ordered the rectification of household registration, advocated thrift, reduced the burden on the people, made good contacts with the north, and maintained the stability of the border. Before he died, he told Prince Xiao Ze: We should be alert to the lessons of the Jin Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, and do a good job in governing the country and caring for our roommates. If the country is politically stable, the economy will recover.
Emperor Wu of Qi was very concerned about the sufferings of the people. After he ascended the throne, he wrote a letter saying, "Being younger than one year old, you are poor, and being on two shores of the capital has many disadvantages. Send a Chinese book to give people an excellent amount of relief. " Soon, the imperial edict was issued again, saying, "The water and rain are falling frequently, the tide is full, and the residents on the two banks are flooded. Send the Chinese Book Sheren and the two county magistrates to give them generous relief. " He also issued a decree to repatriate prisoners in the army as appropriate, grant amnesty to prisoners, and give relief to the widowed and poor among the people. He advocated and rewarded farming and mulberry, and reduced or exempted taxes in times of disaster. In the fourth year of his reign, he wrote a letter saying: "In Yangzhou and Nanxu, this year, households rented two-thirds to get cloth and one to withdraw money. After the next year, the near and far States will lose money, and the cloth will be reduced, and the horse will be accurate to 4, and it will still be halved, thinking that it will be permanent. " Emperor Wu also ordered more schools and selected learned people to teach in order to cultivate people's virtue. Emperor Wu put rich countries first, disliked banquets and extravagant things, and advocated frugality. He once ordered that weddings should not be extravagant.
Xiao Ze, the Emperor of the Qi Dynasty, relieved the government, and the people got the opportunity to recuperate for more than 1 years, which promoted the economic development in the south. Xiao Daocheng accepted the lesson of the demise of the Song Dynasty, kept frugality, reduced the people's rent and lodging debts, and reduced the punishment, but all the princes of the Song Dynasty died in seclusion. The following year, he ordered to expand the household registration, and set up a school official according to Yu Wanzhi's suggestion, and sorted out the household registration based on the twenty-seventh year edition of Song Yuanjia. However, there are many drawbacks in the work of school registration, and poor people are often excluded from the household registration because of fraud, which also infringes on the interests of landlords in commoners. Therefore, shortly after his death, Tang Yu's rebellion was triggered by his opposition to school membership.
During the reign of Emperor Wu of Qi, he practiced frugality and disliked banquets. Make good use of the northern dynasties, reduce military mobilization, appoint good officials, and improve political affairs. During his eleven years in office, he promoted the development of economy and culture, and the society was relatively stable, so that the people had no warning of barking chickens and barking dogs, the city was prosperous, and the scholars and women were rich. History is called the rule of Yongming.
the rebellion against the land
Huang Ji is the household register of ordinary people and the basis for the imperial court to collect taxes and corvees. Yellow membership has always been a big drawback. Officials are bribed to enrich the people (giving bribes to recipients or paying attention to military service), and at least two-thirds of military service households are fake; Or pay more than 1 thousand yuan to forge the title of ancestor, you can call it the cremation; Or because of baldness, pretending to be a monk; Or the migration is uncertain, and the household name is not established; There are many disadvantages, such as household registration but yellow registration is not carried, or people are dead. In this way, a large number of non-gentry landlords, rich peasants and merchants benefited from the tax exemption of scholars. The more tax-free accounts, the heavier the burden on the poor people. From the third year of Emperor Taishi of the Song Dynasty (467) to the fourth year of abolishing the Yuan emblem of the Emperor after the Song Dynasty (476), more than 71, households were found to have fraudulently registered their household registration in the Yellow Register of nine counties in Yangzhou.
Emperor Gao of Qi established the Qi Dynasty, and wanted to rectify the Huang nationality and increase the sources of tax revenue. In the second year of Emperor Xiao Daocheng's accession to the throne (48 in the second year of Jianyuan), a school official was specially set up to make a history, and Yu Wan was appointed to preside over the inventory of Huang Ji. After Emperor Xiao Yi of Qi ascended the throne, he continued to check and identify the authenticity of the cremation. Those household registrations that are considered to be "clever and false" must be returned to the local area, which is called "cancellation of registration"; If it is found out that the household registration is fraudulent when the service should be paid, the original household registration will be restored and the service will continue, which is called "positive" registration. Later, people who had been denied citizenship were even punished to be stationed far away, which endangered the vital interests of commoners landlords who had cheated on their household registration, and many disgruntled people were ready to move.
In the winter of the third year of Yongming (485), Tang Yuzhi, a native of Fuyang, formed more than 4 party members in Xincheng area. In the first month of the following year, taking advantage of the opportunity of Wang Jingze, the satrap of Huiji, to go to Beijing to build health "Chaozheng" (to worship the emperor in the first month), dispatch troops rebelled and captured Fuyang first. The rejected people in Sanwu area participated in one after another, and the number was as high as 3 thousand. However, most of the residents who are from the north are expatriates. Their household registration is white, so the rebels are called "white thieves". Tang Yuzhi captured Tonglu again, occupied Qiantang, Yanguan, Zhuji, Yuhang and other counties, and proclaimed himself emperor in Qiantang, set up a prince, changed his country name to Wu, and established Yuan Xingping. Take Qiantang New Town as the palace, the county as the womb, set up hundreds of officials, and take Qianlong, a rich man of Qiantang from a poor family, as the servant of Shangshu, the scholar of Zhongshu, and also receive the official order and the official order. Tang Yuzhi also sent his generals Gao Daodu to attack Dongyang County (now Jinhua, Zhejiang Province), killed Dongyang satrap Xiao Chongzhi and Changshan, made Liu Guozhong and sent Sun Hong to attack Shanyin. Emperor Wu of Qi sent thousands of forbidden soldiers and hundreds of war horses to crusade. Tang Yuzhi's team was a rabble convened temporarily, which collapsed in World War I, and Tang Yuzhi was killed, and the counties and counties were successively pacified. Afterwards, many people who participated in the rebellion were punished for repairing Baixiacheng (at that time, it was the Nanlangxie County Administration, so the address was outside Jinchuanmen, Nanjing), or sent to the Huaihe River for ten years.
Although this rebellion was quickly put down, the struggle of commoners landlords against the inspection of books did not stop. In the eighth year of Yongming (49), Emperor Wu of the Qi Dynasty had to stop the inspection of books, and declared the "denied books" invalid. People who were assigned to guard the border were allowed to return to their hometowns and restore the original state of the household registration before the Ming Dynasty (477 ~ 479) at the end of the Song Dynasty. As a result, many landlords and businessmen in commoners obtained the privilege of exemption from taxes and servitude enjoyed by the gentry.
Chu Jun Storm
At the beginning of Emperor Wu of Qi's accession to the throne, Xiao Changmao, his eldest son, was made a prince as his' heir'. The prince is loyal, benevolent and filial, and he is very popular with the ruling and opposition parties. For more than ten years, there has never been a mistake. Emperor Wu of Qi was relieved to pass on the throne to the prince. As Emperor Wu's health went from bad to worse, courtiers also felt that it was a matter of days before the Prince ascended the throne. However, what Emperor Wu of Qi did not expect was that at the beginning of the eleventh year of Yongming (493), Prince Xiao Changmao suddenly became seriously ill and died in the first month of the same year at the age of 36.
Xiao Zhaoye, the eldest son of Xiao Changmao, is picturesque and Rong Zhi is elegant, and he writes a good official script, which is very popular with Emperor Wu of Qi. However, he was raised by Xiao Ziliang, the king of Jingling, the second uncle, and was very spoiled. King Jingling was guarding Xizhou, and Xiao Zhaoye, a young man, accompanied him. Because he was not disciplined, he lived with more than 2 rogue people, eating, drinking and drinking, and had a lot of fun every day. His wife, He Fei, is also a frivolous woman, having an affair with several beautiful teenagers playing with Xiao Zhaoye. Later, Xiao Ziliang, King of Jingling, entered the capital, and Xiao Zhaoye stayed in Xizhou alone. Since then, he has been going to various camps to have an obscene banquet every day, and secretly asked the local rich people for money. When he saw that the emperor's grandson wanted money, no one dared not borrow it. In order to reward the left and right scoundrels, he wrote the rank of knighthood in advance on yellow paper, promising to be appointed immediately after he became emperor. However, due to Xiao Zhaoye's good affectation, most of the Emperor Wu and Prince Wenhui did not know to invite them.
When Xiao Changmao was seriously ill, Xiao Zhaoye's acting was vivid, sad and sad, and he kept crying. The attendants and officials who didn't know the details were moved to sob and cry when they saw Xiao Zhaoye's filial piety. However, as soon as he returned to his residence, he laughed and drank, eating and drinking, and his previous qirong was swept away. It can be said that he was a pretentious king since he was a child. In March, after the death of Prince Wenhui, Xiao Zhaoye was made the great grandson of the emperor and moved to the East Palace. Grandfather Qi Wudi came to visit, and he greeted him with wailing and cried himself out. Emperor Wu personally went down to Yu to comfort him and was very moved by the child's filial piety. Later, when I heard that Emperor Wu was ill, Xiao Zhaoye sent a witch, Yang, to curse his grandfather's early death and his early accession to the throne, and sent a letter to his wife, Ho, with a big "hi" written on it and 36 small "hi" characters around him. However, when he entered the palace to attend to his illness, Xiao Zhaoye wiped his face and turned into a sad face. The emperor's grandson burst into tears and knelt before Emperor Wu's bed to ask about his illness. This made Wu very moved.
Death of Emperor Wu
Although Ai Sun has been appointed as the heir to the throne, at this time, the emperor's grandson was only twenty years old and grew up in a palace since childhood. I don't know that his ancestors had difficulties in starting a business and were not familiar with military affairs. Can he take this responsibility? Emperor Wu of Qi was really not sure. His second son, Xiao Ziliang, is a good candidate. He has served as the governor of Huiji, Yin of Danyang, the secretariat of Yangzhou, Situ and other posts, and has rich political experience. He was also good at recruiting talents. Shen Yue, Wang Rong, Xiao Yan and Fan Yun under his command were all famous scholars at that time. If Xiao Ziliang is the heir to the throne, he is competent. However, if this is done, it will violate the old adage that "establishing a position is not based on virtue, and establishing a son is not based on length", which will disrupt the succession order of the throne and will inevitably lead to trouble. After much deliberation, Emperor Wudi of Qi decided to make Xiao Zhaoye, the eldest grandson of the Emperor, the heir to the throne, and let Xiao Ziliang, the king of Jingling, assist him. The idea is certain, and Emperor Wu of Qi felt a stone fall to the ground. A few days later, Emperor Wu of Qi became seriously ill, and he ordered Xiao Ziliang, king of Jingling, to bring a staff into Yanchang Hall to serve medicine, just in case of any accident. Xiao Ziliang took Xiao Yan, Fan Yun, Wang Rong, etc. as the military leaders in the account and assisted him in handling affairs. In the fifth year of Yongming (487), Wang Rong joined the army for Xiao Ziliang, the king of Jingling, and participated in the compilation of Four Outlines, thus becoming one of the "Eight Friends of Jingling" and gaining the appreciation of Xiao Ziliang, the literary leader at that time.
although Wang Rong is proud of his youth, he is still not satisfied. He relies on his talents and hopes to be a Taiwanese assistant within 3 years. Just as Wang Rong was preparing to start the Northern Expedition, Yu Yongming, the eleventh year of Emperor Wu of Qi, became seriously ill in July (493), putting his planned career aside. Immediately, there was a sharp opposition on the issue of establishing heirs: Xiao Luan wanted to establish Xiao Zhaoye and Wang Rong sought to establish Xiao Ziliang, which constituted a tense situation. Originally, Wang Rong's move had many advantages. First, Emperor Wu of the Qi Dynasty explicitly ordered Xiao Ziliang to "take a battle to serve medicine in Yanchang Hall", which has already created the impression that "things are doubtful" (The Biography of South Qi Shu Xiao Ziliang). Second, Wang Rong has military power. Third, Xiao Zhaoye's failures are widely publicized. So Wang Rong "took a crimson shirt, broke the East Palace in the mouth of the cabinet in Zhongshu Province, and wanted to make a good son." However, Xiao Ziliang's indecision, coupled with Xiao Luan's imperial edict, dealt a devastating blow to Wang Rong's move.
Xiao Zhaoye, the grandson of the Emperor, heard that Emperor Wu of Qi was in critical condition, and came in a hurry. I saw Wang Rong, dressed all over, guarding the palace gate with a fierce army, claiming that the emperor had a decree: no one should enter the palace gate without authorization. Xiao Zhaoye, as a great-grandson of the Emperor, stepped forward to make a conversation. But let him make excuses, Wang Rong just won't let go. Helpless, Xiao Zhaoye had to step down for a while and stay there alone. Soon, Emperor Wudi of Qi regained consciousness from the fainting. When he saw that the emperor's grandson was not around, he knew that the situation had changed. He called the emperor's grandson to lead the military into the palace, and entrusted the court affairs to Shangshu's left servant to shoot Xichang Hou Xiaoluan.
on July 3th, Emperor Wudi issued a letter to the imperial clan of Zhu Wenwu to assist the emperor's grandson to ascend to the throne. He also made a special edict for the following events: "After I was annihilated, I wore a summer coat, painted a heavenly coat, and was guided by pure black rhinoceros. I should know that I should not use treasures and weaves, but only put on clothes." Those who often serve iron rings with long knives and short mouths will follow me into Zigong. The ritual of offering respect is based on the heart. It is better to kill cattle in the east than to offer sacrifices in the west. I am mentally careful not to take sacrifices as sacrifices, but only set cakes, tea, dry rice and preserved wine. The world is noble and the salt is the same. Before the hill, Shuowang set up food. The mausoleum is the eternal residence, but I hate Hugh Anling. Now I can be buried in the easternmost part of the three eastern places, named Jing Anling. Every time you save a funeral, you don't have to bother the people. Baiguan stopped at six o'clock and entered, but the ancestral day of Shuowang can still be the same. The six houses of the Lord do not need to go from the mountains. The inner temple, Fenghua, Shou Chang and Yaoling, are under my control. " On the day of the imperial edict, Emperor Wu of Qi died of illness and was buried in Jing 'anling. He was in office for 12 years and was 54 years old.
Yulin lost his virtue
After the death of Emperor Wu, Wang Rong, the middle book lang, knew that Xiao Zhaoye, the great grandson, was immoral and unbearable, and wanted to welcome Xiao Ziliang, the king of Jingling, the second son of Emperor Wu. When Hou Xiaoluan of Xichang learned about it, he rushed into the palace, called his ministers to court, and ordered people to help Xiao Ziliang out of the palace. After the ministers held court, under the command of Xiao Luan, they all dressed up, went to the temple to arrange shifts, knelt down in turn, and shouted long live to Emperor Tai Sun San. Xiao Zhaoye, the great grandson of the emperor, thus ascended the throne of the emperor. When Xiao Zhaoye succeeded to the throne, he was 2 years old and changed to Longchang in 494 AD. Xiao Zhaoye ascended the throne for more than ten days and ordered Wang Rong to be killed.
As soon as Emperor Wu collected money, Xiao Zhaoye called the musicians of Emperor Wu to play music and dance. Musicians miss the old emperor and shed tears while performing, while the little emperor laughs and munches on the throne. On the day of Emperor Wudi's funeral, Xiao Zhaoye just got out of the funeral car and said that he was sick and could not go to the cemetery. Immediately after returning to the palace, the musicians were called to play Huqu and perform songs and dances, and the huqin was sounded inside and outside. Minister Wang Jing asked Xiao Tanzhi, a close confidant of Xiao Zhaoye, "Isn't it a little early to be so happy and sing?" Xiao Tanzhi was also humorous, and replied, "This sound is just the crying in the palace!"
after Xiao Zhaoye ascended the throne, he was very eager to reward the left and right groups, and he was rewarded as soon as he did.