Dai Shulun
Yuan Xiang keeps flowing, why does Qu Zi complain?
Autumn wind rises at dusk, and maple trees whisper.
The Xiangjiang River in Yuanshui rolled forward, and Qu Yuan was beaten by traitors and could not achieve the great cause. At dusk, the autumn wind blows gently, and the maple trees near San Lv Temple rustle.
Then the autumn wind rises at dusk and rustles among the maple trees. At dusk, the autumn wind blows gently, and the maple trees near San Lv Temple rustle.
Appreciate:
San Lv Temple is a temple dedicated to San Lv Quyuan, a doctor of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the records of the unified Qing Dynasty, the temple is located in the north of Xiangyin County (now Miluo County) in Changsha. This poem was written in memory of Qu Yuan.
Regarding Qu Yuan, Sima Qian said: "Qu Ping is flat and straight, runs out of loyalty and wisdom, and serves the monarch and respects the world, which can be described as poverty." . Believe and see doubt, be loyal and slander, can you have no complaints? (Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records) The poet expressed his feelings for Qu Yuan with clear and implicit poems around the word "resentment".
Yuanxiang is two rivers often lamented in Qu Yuan's poems. "Huai Sha" said: "Yuan Lane is vast, and the streams are flowing. The road is long and Xiu Yuan is awkward. " "Xiang Jun" also said: "Make Yuan Lane have no waves and make the river flow safely." This poem begins with "Yuanxiang", which is not only an impromptu scene, but also a metaphor: What is the Xiangjiang River in Shui Yuan? Like a thousand-year resentment against Qu Zi. How to describe the poet's bitterness? It's like deep water in a faraway country. The "endless" in the previous sentence indicates the length of resentment, and the "deep" in the latter sentence indicates the depth of resentment. Both sentences are written by the word "resentment", and the image is clear and profound, intricate and graceful. Li Ying's "A Brief Record of Poetry Changes" holds that "it is not a problem to recite the ancients and write about their gods. The first two sentences of this poem hang in the air and put pen to paper, directly writing that Qu Zi has been loyal and angry all his life, and the wonderful beginning has been called absolutely. " Quite insightful.
However, why should Qu Zi complain? Complain about what? What about the poet's own feelings and attitudes? The poem does not tell the whole story, but depicts a specific image to guide readers to think. The autumn wind rises on the river, the maple forest falls, and the scenery next to San Lv Temple remains the same. However, after Qu Zi sank into the river, where is he going to call back his ghost now? "The autumn wind is curling, and Dongting waves are under the leaves." "There are maple trees on the water in Zhanjiang, which are thousands of miles away and hurt the spring. The soul returns to the south of the Yangtze River! " This is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's Nine Songs and Evocation. The poet recalled the past and touched the scene, which turned it into the conclusion of the poem: "The autumn wind rises at dusk and the trees are rustling." The season is late autumn, the time is dusk, and the scenery is maple forest. Coupled with the use of the word "Sasha Vujacic", I feel endless bitterness and infinite affection. This kind of writing is called "knot feelings with scenery" or "cut feelings with scenery" The picture is clear and thought-provoking, poetic and meaningful, but not obscure. Deep feelings are contained in the prescribed scenery description, which makes people feel that the scenery is as good as it is now. Imagine that "resentment" has been pointed out earlier. If we express it directly here, instead of combining clarity and implication, it will be vivid in the air and understandable outside the text. How boring it will be! The conclusion of this poem has always been praised by poetry critics. "A Brief Record of Poetry Change" praises: "Three or four sentences, but write the scene in front of you without comment. Gree is particularly high. Anyone who sings about the past and writes about the situation must be similar to others, so that he can get inspiration from God, otherwise he will be broad. " Zhong Xing's "The Return of Tang Poetry" said: "This poem is San Lv, so it is unpredictable." Shi Buhua commented on the poem "On Servants": "Without heart, there is sadness outside, which is the best of the five." They are all convinced that its meaning is beyond the image, implicit and eternal.
Poetry is the art of imagery, and it is also the most suggestive and inspiring art. It is clear but not hidden, and it has become a shallow water with a bottom at a glance. Implicit and unclear, implicit has become a puzzling gobbledygook. Dai Shulun's San Lv Temple has both advantages. The clear scene meets people, implicitly arouses the reader's imagination and flies away.
Author: Dai Shulun
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Genre: five-character quatrains
About the author:
Dai Shulun: (732-789) was born in Jintan, Runzhou (now Jiangsu). Dai Zongguangde was appointed as the secretary of Masako at first, and later served as the salt and iron ambassador in the shogunate of Du Zhi, and was awarded the title of supervising the imperial history. De Zongjian was appointed as the ambassador of Dongyang at first, and then went straight to Jiangxi as an observer. Soon after, he was awarded the title of doctor of Fuzhou secretariat of ancestral hall, and later changed to Rongzhou secretariat of history, in order to cooperate with the management, and died in the line of duty. Most of his poems describe rural life with novel ideas. Known as "the poet's scenery, such as the warmth of Lantian, is as good as jade as smoke", he pays attention to verve and is the forerunner of the poetic theory of verve school in later generations.