Tang Dynasty: Wang Wei
When people get old, they especially like silence and are indifferent to everything. I think that there is no brilliant strategy to serve the country, only to retire to the mountains and forests.
Wide wind, the wind in the shade, the moon shining on the right to play the piano. To know the truth about the poor, please listen to the fishing songs in the deep water.
translate
People especially like quiet in their later years and are indifferent to everything in the world.
I thought there was no brilliant plan to serve my country, but I just wanted to live in seclusion in the deep mountains of my hometown.
Take off your clothes to enjoy the cool, Shan Gao Yueming, just playing the piano.
If you ask the truth of poverty and access, please listen to the fishing songs in the depths of the water pool.
To annotate ...
Reward: Answer with a poem. Zhang Shaofu: When it comes to Zhang Jiuling, Zi Zishou is the Natural Museum. Shaoxing Qujiang (now Guangdong) people. The official position of Assistant Minister Zhongshu is equal to that of Zhongshu. After being squeezed out by Li. Shaofu was called Shaofu by the Tang people. From the sentence "Do you ask me good or bad luck?" Zhang Shaofu is also a fellow poet.
Old age: When you are old. Wei: I also write Wei, only. Hao: Hobbies.
Self-care: self-thinking; Self-examination. Changce: It's still a good plan.
Empty knowledge: knowing in vain. Old forest: refers to the former habitat of birds This is a metaphor for a secluded garden in the past.
Blow off the belt: Blow off the poet's idle mood when he loosens his belt. Take off your belt, which means you are familiar with it, or you are comfortable.
Jun: A "if". Poor: can't be an official. Tong: Being an official. Rb: That makes sense. The fisherman's song: the hermit's song. General depth: the depth of the river bank.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a poem for a friend. The whole poem is more about love than scenery. Three or four sentences imply dissatisfaction with political affairs.
At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "to get rid of everything, only to be quiet in old age" describes the quiet and indifferent mentality in old age. Seemingly philosophical, it actually shows the helplessness that the poet's lofty aspirations cannot be realized. It is said that one of our own is quiet in his later years and indifferent to everything. At first glance, his attitude towards life is extremely negative, but this is superficial. After careful reasoning, the words "only good and quiet" are all over the article. First, it is really "only" quiet. Second, if you can't move, you have to be quiet. The third is to show an extremely negative attitude towards life. It is intriguing not to write the "quietness" in middle age and early years, but to write the "quietness" in later years. If you savor it carefully, it is not difficult to find that it contains the hidden pain of the soul.
Couplets are closely linked with the first couplet. I ask myself and answer myself tells the poet's disillusionment, ideological contradiction and pain. Facing the cold and hard reality, he feels powerless. Since the ideal cannot be realized, we have to find another way out. If China fails to join the WTO, there is only one way to live. In other words, jump out of the field of right and wrong, put down the mountains and rivers, and retire to the countryside. "What can be better than going home?" . An "empty" word contains a lot of bitterness and emotion! These two sentences also revealed a middle-aged news. Although Wang Wei was an official in Beijing at this time, he was completely disappointed with state affairs and began to live a semi-official and semi-secluded life. "Quiet old age, everything is free" is a true portrayal of his heart at this time.
Wang Wei was full of political ambitions in his early years. When Zhang Jiuling was prime minister, he was full of hope for reality. However, not long after Zhang Jiuling was demoted, the power of state affairs fell into the hands of the traitor Li. Loyal people were rejected and attacked one by one, the political situation became increasingly dark, and Wang Wei's ideal was shattered. Facing the harsh reality, he didn't want to go with the flow and felt powerless. "I ask myself and answer myself" is a reflection of his ideological contradictions and anguish. On the surface, he said he was incompetent, but in his bones, he contained resentment. When Li was in power, although Wang Wei was not persecuted, he was actually promoted, but his inner contradictions and anguish deepened. The only way out for this kind of honest and weak feudal intellectuals who have been influenced by Buddhism for a long time is to jump out of the circle of right and wrong and return to the old garden to live in seclusion. "What could be better than going home?" It means: if the ideal fails, what are the benefits of seclusion? However, it has to be. Beneath his quiet appearance, the pain and emotion hidden in his heart are still discernible.
The Neck Couplet describes the poet's comfort after retiring to the "old forest". The sadness of disillusionment is replaced by the leisure of "the wind blows me, and the pipa shines on the mountains and the moon". Free from the pressure of being an official, the poet can open his heart to the breeze in the pine forest, sit alone and play the piano under the bright moon in the mountains, and be free and carefree. However, in this quiet and leisurely life, you can still feel the pain and emotion hidden in the poet's heart. In fact, the poet's affirmation and appreciation of the secluded life and leisure interest of "the wind blows me, and the pipa shines on the mountains and the moon" is the expression of his pursuit of spiritual liberation in his depression. This not only contains negative factors, but also means contrast with official life, implying disgust and denial of official life.
"Pine wind" and "mountain moon" both contain noble meanings. Wang Wei pursues this secluded life and leisure, saying that he is escaping from reality or drugging himself. Anyway, it's better than going with the flow. After expressing his feelings in the first four sentences, the poet described two typical details of his seclusion, which were vivid. When he wrote Song Feng and Mountain Moon, it seemed that he sympathized with people. Emotion and scenery were integrated, and subjectivity and objectivity were integrated, which greatly enhanced the image of poetry.
The poet William answered Zhang Shaofu with the conclusion of "The Fisherman of Chu Ci", which showed the poet's admiration for the fisherman's carefree life regardless of the poverty in the world. A song into the pu, strange not to answer, endless meaning beyond words. "You ask me good or ill luck? Listen, there is a fisherman singing on the lake! " In the form of questions and answers, I took care of the word "reward"; At the same time, it is also wonderful to answer or not: if you want to ask me the reason why I am poor, I will sing a fishing song and go to the depths of Hepu. The last sentence is implicit and chewy, as if to say: the world is like this, why do you ask about poverty? Why don't you go to seclusion with me? A picture is gently drawn, and the whole poem ends with it, which is really a bit "verve" of "meaning is not rhyme" and "meaning is not taste" (Si Kongtu's Talking about Poetry with Li Sheng). Wang Wei avoided talking about the contemporary world and was vague, as if to say: the truth is obvious, poverty is hidden, and openness is indispensable, so why be poor? In view of the above, it seems to say: if things are like this, why don't you ask about poverty? Why don't you come with me to live in seclusion? This is somewhat unrealistic.
On the surface, this poet is very philosophical. However, this attitude of getting rid of everything is a manifestation of depression and dissatisfaction, and there is a sense of frustration between the lines, which shows that the poet still has not forgotten the state affairs, and his depressed thoughts are the product of disillusionment. "I asked myself, what could be better than going home?" Very profound. He has no power to save the world, and he doesn't want to go along with it. He can only live in seclusion. He deliberately described the happiness of seclusion in a relaxed style and said to his friends, "You can ask the poor, reason and listen. There is a fisherman singing on the lake!" " It is of great significance. It seems that only in the mountain life did he understand the true meaning of life, showing that the poet was unwilling to cooperate with the ruler. The language is subtle and thought-provoking. The last sentence of the poem also vaguely draws a picture, which is implicit and full of charm, chewy and thought-provoking. This is such a wonderful knot.