Where is the end of this world? Chitose floats with the wind.
The sea sand turns to stone, and the fish foam blows the piano bridge.
The empty light swings far away, and the copper column disappears from the year.
When Li He wrote poems, he put forward ideas and compared things with things. Whenever there was irony, he "deeply stabbed the disadvantages of this world and cut to the heart of this world" (Yao's Preface to Notes on Long Valley Collection). This poem satirizes the Qin Emperor Hanwu with the theory of day and night and the theory of life and death, and satirizes the disadvantages of today's dynasty. During the period of Zhenyuan, Yuanhe, which the poet experienced, the Tang Dynasty had turned from prosperity to decline, and the political chaos, the fatuity of Xian Zong, the confusion of immortals, and the desire for immortality formed an atmosphere. This poem comes from here.
This poem begins with day and night. "White scene" refers to the sun; "Bi Hua" means night. Li He wrote poems and phrased words, striving for new meanings and American language and despising humanitarianism. The first two sentences are ordinary examples. The first four sentences of the poem say that the sun enters the western hills, the night is far-reaching, and the cycle of day and night is endless. This is the law of nature. Even a thousand years old, in the development of history, it is as fast as the wind and fleeting. The poet's feelings are expressed in many articles, such as "The Queen Mother's peach blossom is red for thousands of times, and how many times did Peng Zu Wu Xian die?"
(Hao Ge). Comparing immortals with mortals shows that life is short. However, not everyone can understand the endless truth of the sun and the moon, which is linked with reality. The implication of these four poems is to ridicule "Xian Zong's vain desire for longevity is always unknown day and night." (Yao's "Long Valley Notes")
The last four sentences of the poem further describe the changes of nature, regardless of human will; Longevity will never come true. Don't you see, although the sea sand is fine, it can grow into stone after years of change. The poet once wrote in "Dream of Heaven": "Yellow dust and clear water have gone down three mountains for thousands of years." The change of the world is like a thousand-year journey, which means rapid change. Sand turns to stone because of great changes. As time goes on, everything on the earth will change. Wang Qin stone bridge, a group of fish blowing foam; Hanwu copper column, polished by streamer, no longer exists. It is said that the Ming Dynasty is farther away, and the change of the valley will inevitably happen. This is the common sense of the rise and fall of all things. It seems to be "as high as a piano bridge, but fish foam can be blown;" Jian Mo is like a copper pillar, but vagrancy can disappear. It is something that has not been known in the world for a long time. Who said that longevity can really lead to it? " (Yao's "Long Valley Notes")
"Beginners" records that Qin Shihuang climbed Qingcheng Mountain, built a city and built a stone bridge, and went into the sea for more than 30 miles, hoping for the immortal mountain in the sea, in order to get the medicine of immortality. According to Hanshu, in the palace, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made a bronze fairy dew tray (with a copper column at the bottom, 20 feet high), in which a jade cup was placed to take the dew and jade scraps, in order to live forever. The poet compares this with it, which shows that Qin Huang and Wu Han painstakingly prayed for immortality, but they could not achieve it. Instead, it was laughed at by future generations. Can others do it without becoming the laughing stock of future generations?
Li He's satire on Qin Huang Hanwu often appears in his poems. For example, "Liulang Maoling has many stagnant bones, and Ying Zheng pays for abalone." ("The bitter days are short") "There is no trace of Ma Si in the night. The osmanthus tree in the painting column hangs autumn fragrance, and the soil in the thirty-six palaces is green. " ("Golden Copper Immortals Sing Chinese Songs") "Emperor Wu loves immortals, and alchemy attracts purple smoke." (Ma Shi XXIII) Or satirizing the emperor's corruption, the good times will not last long; Or suggesting that today's monarchs seek immortality in vain can be used as a footnote to this poem.
This poem is full of philosophy, interest and rationality, without branches and vines, and pure rationality, which is rare in Li He's poems. In the structural brushwork, it is the same writing, the sun and the moon are like a shuttle, changing repeatedly, flowing rapidly and without end; Then write that the sand of the sea turns into stones, the fish foam blows the bridge, and the streamer disappears, and it can't stop. This is an ever-changing principle. Change and invariability, contrast writing, deepen the theme and enhance the appeal of poetry.
Li Heshan explained the legacy of Yuefu, "The colors are wonderful, but the words are mostly outside the text, engraved in the words, and confused." This is the characteristic of this poem. The color is as wonderful as "fish foam blowing the bridge"; Carved in essays such as Wandering in the Air (describing time); Confused in the will, such as "the copper column disappears in the year"; The implication is that the poem does not say that it is confused by the fairy wind, but that every sentence is deeply stabbed by such shortcomings. When the poet was in the political chaos at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he had to feel deeply ashamed, or hid his lonely and resentful thoughts in a short chapter, or set aside words of irony and complaint, which should be considered as a natural thing.