2. Which of the top ten historical and cultural cities in China ranks first: Yan and Ji, the capital of Liao, and the ancient capital of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a world-famous historical and cultural city with rich underground cultural relics.
Second place Xi 'an: Located on the south bank of Weihe River in Guanzhong Plain, formerly known as Chang 'an. Zhou, Qin, Han, Western Jin, Pre-Qin, Zhao Qi, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou and Sui all established their capitals here, which is a world-famous historical city.
Third place Nanjing: urban history 247 1 year. History of Capital: Soochow, Eastern Jin Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty, Chen Dynasty (Six Dynasties), Southern Tang Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Republic of China.
Fourth place Luoyang: It is a famous ancient capital of nine dynasties in China. Nanlongmen Grottoes are the most famous places of interest. Dongbaima Temple is the first Buddhist temple in China. There are also sites of ancient cities of Han and Wei Dynasties, Western Zhou Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Guanlin and a large number of ancient tombs.
Suzhou: Suzhou has preserved many famous ancient gardens and concentrated the essence of garden art in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are 489 cultural relics protection units, the number of which is second only to Beijing and Xi, and there are 9 world cultural heritages. Places of interest are all over the city, such as Tiger Hill, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lion Forest, Lingering Garden, Canglang Pavilion and Hanshan Temple.
Sixth place Hangzhou: one of the ancient capitals of China, Qiantang County in Qin Dynasty, ruled by Hangzhou in Sui Dynasty, and was the national capital of Wuyue in Five Dynasties. The Southern Song Dynasty was a world-famous tourist city. The West Lake has beautiful scenery and many places of interest, such as Lingyin Temple, Yue Temple and Pagoda of Six Harmonies.
Seventh place Kaifeng Kaifeng: It was called Bianliang in ancient times. After the Five Dynasties, both the Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty established their capitals here, called Tokyo, which is one of the famous ancient capitals.
The eighth largest Datong: located in Datong basin in northern Shanxi. Pingcheng, an ancient city, was the capital of the early Northern Wei Dynasty, with Liao and Jin as the capital. Yungang Grottoes were excavated during the Northern Wei Dynasty from 453 to 495. There are many ancient buildings, including the Upper and Lower Huayan Temple, the Shanhua Temple and the Nine Dragon Wall.
Ninth Yangzhou: Fu Cha, King of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, began to build "Seoul" here. After the Sui Dynasty dug the Grand Canal, it became the hub of north-south transportation, with developed industry and commerce and prosperous culture. It is a famous commercial metropolis in history and a port for friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries. There are Tang Cheng ruins, Shi Kefa ancestral home, Pingtang Mountain, Slender West Lake, Heyuan, Ge Yuan and other cultural relics.
Tenth Chengdu: Since Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of southwest China.
3. What Great Walls are there in historical sites?
Beijing Imperial Palace, Shenyang Imperial Palace
Shaanxi Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors and Horses
Mogao grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu
Beijing Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site
Shandong Taishan
Huangshan, Anhui
Wulingyuan National Scenic Spot in Hunan Province
Jiuzhaigou national scenic spot in Sichuan
Sichuan Huanglong National Scenic Area
* * * Potala Palace
Chengde mountain resort and its surrounding temples.
Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest in Qufu, Shandong Province
Ancient buildings in Wudang Mountain, Hubei Province
Jiangxi Lushan scenic spot
Sichuan Emei Mountain-Leshan Scenic Area
Yunnan Old Town of Lijiang
Shanxi Pingyao ancient city
Suzhou Classical Gardens in Jiangsu Province
Beijing summer palace
Tiantan in Beijing
Chongqing Dazu stone carving
Fujian Wuyishan
Qingchengshan and Dujiangyan in Sichuan
Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province
Ming and Qing imperial tombs: Ming Tombs, Ming Tombs (Zhongxiang, Hubei), Qing Dongling (Zunhua, Hebei), Qing Xiling (Yixian, Hebei) and Shengjing Sanling.
Xidihe Hongcun, an ancient village in southern Anhui.
Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province
Yunnan Sanjiang Parallel Nature Reserve
Capital and Mausoleum of Ancient Koguryo Kingdom
Macao historical center
4. What are the cultural landscapes and places of interest in my hometown Anyang? Yuan Shikai's tomb is on the north bank of He Huan River in Anyang City.
Commonly known as Lin Yuan. Yuan Shikai (1859- 19 16) is a native of Xiangcheng, Henan.
19 15 February, the double-walled monarchy was announced, and the next year it was changed to the first year of Hongxian. 19 16 In March, the monarchy was forcibly abolished, and he was still called the great president. In June of the same year, he died of fear in the national condemnation. According to the will, Beiyang warlord * * spent two years, 1.5 million yuan, covering an area of more than 200 mu, and built a tomb here.
Mausoleum is a combination of Chinese and western architecture. The watchtower at the southern end is very high, carved with fine patterns and patterns.
There are five pairs of civil and military stone statues, stone lions, stone horses and Shi Hu in the north of the column, and there is a monument in the middle of two rows of stone carvings. Further north is the gate of the mausoleum, with the main hall in the middle and halls on both sides. All the buildings are imitation of Qing dynasty, with red walls and green tiles, which complement each other.
After the main hall is the base of the tomb. There are three doors in front and an iron gate in the middle, and a tomb emblem is hung, which is similar to the watchtower. Inside the door is a three-story platform tomb, all poured with reinforced concrete.
The whole mausoleum is planted among trees, with dense trees, stone carvings and buildings in groups. Yin Ruins * is located about 2 kilometers northwest of Anyang City.
Taking Xiaotun Village as the center, including the areas on both sides of Huan River in the north, it is about 6 kilometers long from east to west and 4 kilometers wide from north to south. In14th century BC, Pan Geng moved the capital here, which was called Beimeng, also known as Yin.
It lasted for 273 years until Di Xin was conquered. After the destruction of Yin in the Zhou Dynasty, it gradually became barren, so it was called Yin Ruins.
In the 25th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1899), characters were found on tortoise shells and ox bones unearthed in Xiaotun village, thus confirming that this place is the Yin Ruins recorded in the literature. Before liberation, there were 15 important archaeological excavations here, and there were palace relics in the north of Xiaotun Village. More than 65,438+10,000 pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and a large number of bronzes, production tools, daily necessities and other relics were unearthed from royal tombs in Houjiazhuang area.
The famous "Simuwu" Dafang Ding is decorated with dragon and gluttonous patterns all around. It is 1.33 meters high and weighs 875 kilograms. It is a rare heavyweight in the world. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, a large-scale exploration and excavation work was carried out here, and the scope and distribution of Yin Ruins were basically found out. The tombs, sacrificial pits, women's tombs, copper casting workshops and bone making workshops in Wuguan Village were discovered, and thousands of inscriptions on Oracle bones were unearthed.
Building site on the northeast side of Xiaotun Village in Yin Ruins-198 1 A large building complex with an area of about 5,000 square meters was found on the northeast side of Xiaotun Village in Anyang City. 1989- 199 1 year, and three large feixin buildings were excavated.
The northern part of the complex is about 80 meters away from the southernmost site of Group B excavated in 1930s. The inscription Jabu-16.8 cm wide on Simuwu Fang Ding was unearthed in the south of Xiaotun.
During the period of 1973, two excavations were carried out here, and the biggest harvest was the discovery of 5,335 Dai Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the largest discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Inscription Oracle bone-19.5cm long, unearthed in the south of Xiaotun.
Yin Ruins Museum is located in the site of the Palace Temple in the northeast of Xiaotun Village in Anyang City and its western section. It is more than 500 meters long from north to south, wide from east to west 170 meters, and covers an area of 2 10 mu (including water surface 106 mu).
The gate is designed according to the "gate" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The beams and columns are engraved with patterns of the Yin Dynasty, and there are real dragons on both sides of the gate. In the southwest corner of the park, the architecture of the Yin Dynasty has been restored-"Muxin Zong-Muhao Tomb Appreciation Hall" is located on Muhao Tomb. The abutment is slightly larger than the entrance of the tomb, with a length of 5.6 meters from north to south and a width of 5 meters from east to west.
In the middle of the garden, the B-20 Hall is an imitation Yin building, built on the original "B-20" site. The building has a front porch, and the pillars are carved with patterns of the Yin Dynasty.
Sitting north to south, all the buildings are wooden structures with four slopes and thatched roofs. North of the Garden is a 12-story imitation Yin building, which is east-west, 24 meters long from north to south and 8.2 meters wide, and is a two-story pavilion.
Fu Hao's Tomb Fu Hao was the wife of Shang King Wu Ding. She once commanded1more than 3000 soldiers to participate in the war. 1976, her tomb was accidentally discovered in the southwest of Yin Ruins. Unearthed cultural relics 1600 pieces, including 755 jade articles.
Shang Yuhe is an exquisite jade carving unearthed from the tomb of the rich man. Two cranes stand upright and bend their necks to spread their wings. Jade man-7 cm high, unearthed from Fu Hao's tomb.
Good lady, 38 cm tall. Fu, 39.5 cm long.
Tianning Temple Tower inlaid with turquoise ivory cups is located in the northwest corner of Anyang City. Also known as Wenfeng Pagoda.
Plane octagonal, five-story pavilion-style brick tower, 38.65 meters high. A pedestal decorated with lotus petals under the tower.
There is a spiral staircase in the tower, which can directly reach the top of the tower and have a bird's eye view of the city. There is a Lama pagoda about 10 meters high on the platform at the top of the tower, which is rare as a pagoda brake.
This tower may have been built in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and its brick carvings, patterns and door and window decorations may have been added in the Ming Dynasty. Tianning Temple Zhou Jintang Monument in Taxiang Prefecture is located in Hanqi Temple in Anyang City.
Engraved in the second year of Zhiping in the Northern Song Dynasty (1065). Ouyang Xiu wrote, Cai Xiangshu wrote and Shao Bi wrote.
The inscription was written by Ouyang Xiu for the Zhou Jin Guild Hall built by Han Qi. Calligrapher Cai Xiang was a calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty.
This monument is recorded in various ancient stone carvings. Fuchenghuang Temple is located in the north of Gulou East Street in the old city of Anyang.
Sitting facing south, it was built in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369). This temple is 100 meters long from north to south and 50 meters wide from east to west. There are four halls and dozens of corridors.
The front hall is 3 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, with double eaves and green glazed tile roof. The last three halls are all hung from the top of the mountain with a single eaves, and the second and third halls are all three wide and three deep; The four halls are 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep.
There are more than 20 galleries on both sides. Xiangzhou kiln site is located in the northern suburb of Anyang city, south bank of Anyang Bridge.
The location of the kiln site was originally a small mound, facing Huan River in the north and across the river from Anyang Bridge Village. The site is about 350 meters long from north to south and 260 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 90,000 square meters.
The accumulation layer is generally about 1 m, and the thickest part reaches1.5 m. The products are rich and varied, including daily necessities, animal figurines, figures and various artistic decorations.
The fetal quality is white, delicate and hard, and the surface decoration is rich. There are many kinds of carving, marking and printing.
The sidewall of porcelain is generally thick, and the glaze is cyan, transparent and shiny. You can see the tread pattern through the glaze layer, and the glaze is thick and light. There are green in green, yellow in green, gray in blue and brown in blue.
Xiangzhou Kiln is an important porcelain-making site in northern China since Sui and Tang Dynasties. Lv Lin, Linzhou City is located in the southwest of Linzhou City 15km.
It is one of the scenic spots in Linzhou because of its dangerous terrain and pleasant scenery. Hao Jing, a famous landscape painter of the Five Dynasties, once lived in seclusion here, calling himself "Hong Guzi".
Many temples have been built here in the past dynasties and become Buddhist resorts. There are many places of interest in Honggu area, such as the Thousand Buddha Cave, the stone pagoda of Dayuan Zen Master, the monument of "Rongzhen Zhiti Santi" and Honggu Temple Pagoda.
Thousand Buddha Cave is located at the waist of the north cliff of Honggushan Mountain in Lvlin. It was started in Wuping five years of Northern Qi Dynasty (574 years.
Mount Tai, Daming Lake, Baotu Spring, Lijiang River, Elephant Trunk Mountain, West Lake and Emei Mountain are the first of the five mountains. It faces the magnificent sea in the east and the Yellow River with a long history in the west, which stands on Qilu. For thousands of years, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of the East. It is also the place where Buddhism and Taoism flourished, and it is also the imperial dynasty of past dynasties. Left many cultural relics. Mount Tai is ancient, beautiful, secluded and strange, with many cliffs and steles, temples and halls all over the mountains, and the natural landscape is magnificent, magnificent, gloomy and beautiful. There are more than 20 ancient buildings and more than 2,000 historical and cultural relics in the whole mountain, and there are countless inscriptions and inscriptions sung by literati in past dynasties. The natural scenery of Mount Tai is more charming. It is also "the epitome of oriental history and culture". Mount Tai has extremely beautiful and spectacular natural scenery, and its main characteristics are male, strange, dangerous, beautiful, quiet and harmonious. Daming Lake is located in the center of Jinan, in the north of the old city, and is also known as the three major scenic spots in Jinan with Baotu Spring and Qianfo Mountain. Among the eight scenic spots in Jinan, Daming Lake has three scenic spots: boating on the Ming Lake and the autumn wind blowing gently. Maintain a relatively fixed water level all year round. Daming Lake has been a place where lotus flowers, weeping willows and flowers and trees flourish since ancient times. "Lotus on all sides and willow on all sides, a city with mountains and half a city" is the best portrayal of her scenery. The human landscape of the park is very rich. More than 30 places of interest, such as Lixia Pavilion, Tiegong Temple, Nanfeng Temple and Arctic Temple, are hidden among trees and flowers, showing a long history and culture. Daming Lake is a natural lake. Lotus Lake was named in Sui and Tang Dynasties, West Lake in Song Dynasty and Daming Lake in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. There are many steles in the garden, among which Du Fu's "The sea is here, the pavilions are ancient, and there are many famous people in Jinan" was written in the Qing Dynasty, and his couplets and inscriptions by He He and Weng Fanggang all have profound cultural connotations and artistic level. Looking north at Daming Lake, with an area of 158 mu, it is a characteristic garden dominated by spring water. Today, Baotu Spring is attracting more and more people's attention, and it has become the reputation of "you can't travel without Baotu Spring". It ranks first among the 72 springs in Jinan, known as the "No.1 spring in the world" and the No.1 spring in Jinan in ancient literature. Together with Qianfo Mountain and Daming Lake, it is also known as the three major scenic spots in Jinan. Pu Songling, a famous writer, thinks Baotu Spring is "the first spring in the sea, and the scenery in Qimen is unparalleled". Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty visited Baotu Spring during his southern tour. Excited, he wrote down the word "surging" and named it "the first spring in the world". Lijiang River belongs to the Pearl River system. At an altitude of 2238 meters, it is known as the highest peak in central and southern China. Lijiang River consists of a trickle under Maoer Mountain. Xing 'an still preserves the "Lingqu" built during the Qin Shihuang period. It is the first man-made canal in China, which was called "Xing 'an Lingqu" in history. It connects the water of Lijiang River with the water of Xiangjiang River. Xiangjiang River is located in Hunan Province and belongs to the Yangtze River system. Nature has given it a specific way. As we all know, "there is no water in the world that does not flow eastward." "It is caused by the low terrain in the east, but only the water in Xiangjiang River flows from south to north, and the water in Lijiang River flows from north to south. The so-called "Xiang Li" and "Xiang Li" are separated from each other, so this is probably what it means. In addition, the word "Li" of Lijiang River is clear and transparent in the dictionary, which is probably the best meaning of the name of Lijiang River. Elephant trunk hill-Elephant trunk hill was originally named Li. Located at the intersection of taohuajiang and Lijiang River in Guilin, Guangxi, the mountain is named after standing by the river like a giant elephant, stretching its nose and drinking the Lijiang River. It is known as the symbol of Guilin's landscape. Elephant trunk mountain is 200 meters above sea level, 55 meters above the water surface, with a length of 108 meter and a width of 100 meter. Mountain area 1.3 hectares. It consists of pure limestone deposited on the seabed 360 million years ago. Lang Zhongshu of the Ministry of Industry of the Qing Dynasty wrote in Fragrant Hills: "The wonder of Guangdong is a mountain, and the wonder of mountains in western Guangdong is a stone, while the relative images of provincial capitals are very strange. "1986, Xiangshan Park is built on Elephant Trunk Mountain, and the natural landscape and human landscape in the park complement each other. The main attractions are Shuiyue Cave, Elephant Eye Rock, Pu Xian Tower, Hongfeng Temple and the exhibition hall of the former site of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution in the temple. West Lake, located in the west of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is famous at home and abroad for its beautiful lakes and mountains and numerous places of interest. It is also called China's paradise on earth. The water surface area of the West Lake is about 4.37 square kilometers (including 6.3 square kilometers of islands in the lake). The circumference of the lake shore is 15km. The average water depth is about 1.5m, the deepest part is about 2.8m, and the shallowest part is less than1m. Northern Hunan is 3.3 kilometers long and 2.8 kilometers wide from east to west. Su Causeway and Bai Causeway divided the lake into five parts: Lihu Lake, Waihu Lake, Yuehu Lake, Xili Lake and Xiaonan Lake, and 5600000000605 1985 was selected as "Top Ten Scenic Spots in China". West Lake was called Qiantang River in ancient times, also known as Xizi Lake. Su Shi, an ancient poet, commented on this: "If we want to compare the West Lake to Chinese calligraphy, light makeup and heavy makeup are always appropriate. Mount Emei —— Located in Emei, Sichuan, China, with a scenic area of 154 square kilometers, the highest peak, Wanfo Peak, is 3099 meters above sea level. The terrain is steep. * * * There are more than 3,000 kinds of plants, including rare tree species in the world. There are many monkeys along the mountain road, and they often beg for food from tourists in groups, which is a major feature of Emei. It is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, with about 26 temples and eight important temples, where Buddhist activities are frequent. 199665438+On February 6th, Leshan Giant Buddha in Emei Mountain, as a dual heritage of culture and nature, has been listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. Together with Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, Putuo Mountain in Zhejiang and Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui, it is also known as the four famous Buddhist mountains in China and is a world-famous Bodhisattva Dojo. There are peaks that are relatively like moths, hence the name. The main peak is 3079.3 meters, which is 2500 meters higher than Chengdu Plain? 2600 meters. This is a folded fault-block mountain with deep valleys. Cliffs such as Yixiantian and Sheshen Cliff are as high as 700 meters. 850 meters. Magnificent mountains, deep valleys and waterfalls.
6. Look for couplets that reflect Shaoxing's human history and places of interest, and then write an appreciation article of more than 100 words. You can enjoy silence and filial piety, and you can also enjoy reading too much. From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue: San Tan Yin Yue is a famous private school in Shaoxing in the late Qing Dynasty. Mr. Lu Xun studied here at the age of 65,438+02. His teacher is an old man named Shou Jinghu, who is three years old. This is Shoujia's study. Mr. Shou Jason Wu has been teaching here for 60 years. Flavor of "Three Tans Printing the Moon": The "Three Tans Printing the Moon" mentioned by Mr. Lu Xun in his famous essay "From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Three Tans Printing the Moon" is near the former residence of Mr. Lu Xun in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, where he was a teenager. So, why is it called "three pools printing the moon"? The original "three flavors" are taken from the old saying "reading classics tastes like rice beams, reading history tastes like vegetables, and reading a hundred flavors like sugar". The general idea is that reading four books and five classics tastes like eating rice noodles, which is the foundation of food; Reading history books tastes like drinking and eating delicacies: reading hundreds of books tastes like sauce and vinegar (like seasoning for cooking). The horizontal plaque of "Three Tans Printing the Moon" was written by Liang Shanzhou, a famous calligrapher in Ganjia period of Qing Dynasty. At that time, there was such a woodcut couplet hanging on both sides of the plaque: "Silent filial piety, love soup too much, is reading." From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue. Reading history is like eating vegetables; Look at other pictures and add seasoning. About "three flavors": Lu Xun's private school teacher (San Tan Yin Yue), the descendants of Mr. Shou said that "three flavors" refer to the warmth of cloth, the fragrance of vegetables and the long taste of poetry and books. Cloth refers to ordinary people, "cloth warmth" refers to being willing to be ordinary people, not being an official or being a master; "Vegetable root fragrance" means being satisfied with simple food and not eager for the enjoyment of delicious food; "Poetry has a long flavor", that is, to seriously understand the profound content of poetry, so as to obtain a deep and long flavor.
7. Hometown 100 The natural landscape of Huzhen carved with more than one word is strange and colorful, and the mountains and rivers are all landscapes. The spring is graceful, Xia Tianmei is hard to get, the autumn is crisp, the winter is bright and clean, and the four seasons are charming. Lion Mountain, Hongyan Mountain and Yanmen Mountain are beautiful: lions are mighty and interesting. Red rock towering, beaming in the distance; The wild goose gate stands tall, and the feelings turn white. Xiaolongtan, Laitan, Baizhangtan ... Tantan is magical: Xiaolongtan is crystal clear, Laitan waterfall is like practice, and Baizhangtan is rippling. As a thousand-year-old town, Huzhen has accumulated a strong history and culture, including the dinosaur eggs in Huzhaikou and xishan village, and the famous Ruan Ke Cave built in the Five Dynasties. The ancient kiln sites in Daxitan, which flourished in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the site of Ruan Gong's sacrificial platform at the top of Cangling Mountain in the Ming Dynasty, the residential buildings of Jin Jiu Guild Hall in the Qing Dynasty, the Xianmu Bridge and inscriptions built in Jiaqing, the monument of Chongzheng Academy in the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty, the former residence of Lv Dongsheng, the leader of Hualong Society in Xinhai Revolution, Nangong Temple in Jinyun County, Anqing Temple, Chiyan Pagoda and the site of "First University".