1. Please tell me what are the famous satirical poems of the Song Dynasty
Plum Blossoms Fall
There are many miscellaneous trees in the courtyard, but most of them are plum blossoms. I ask you why you are alone. Come? I remember that flowers can be grown in the frost,
and solid things can be made in the dew. The swaying spring breeze makes the spring sun beautiful,
I think that they are scattered and chased by the cold wind, and there are only frost flowers but no frost quality.
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There are many miscellaneous trees in the courtyard, but I admire and admire the plum blossoms. May I ask why you do this? It is because it can bloom in the frost and bear fruits in the cold dew. Those that will only sway in the spring breeze and be charming in the spring will definitely be chased by the cold wind because you have only blossomed in the frost. There is no cold-resistant nature.
Among the poets from the late Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Liu Song Dynasty, Bao Zhao can be regarded as the best. Bao Zhao’s poems are famous for Yuefu, and there are also many five-character poems, but his achievements are not as good as Yuefu. Poetry. Many of his poems contain allegorical and generous words, which to a certain extent reveal the darkness and injustice in the real society. This may be related to the fact that he was born in a poor family and suffered a bumpy career. This poem is a way to express his ambitions. , it writes about plum blossoms, and it talks about people. In ancient Chinese poetry, plum blossoms have always been considered a symbol of noble and fragrant character, and a portrayal of Ling Shuang and Aoxue's strength, but Bao Zhao has a different meaning. It has a deeper meaning.
The first two sentences point out the poet's unique idea: There are many miscellaneous trees in the garden, why do you have to mourn for the plum blossoms? The poet himself asked: "How can I be alone?" The readers also expect him to answer. "Thinking about it can make flowers bloom in the frost." The following sentences are all the poet's discussions, but they are not abstract discussions, but reasoning. It is embedded in the description of specific images. "Nian Qi" and "Nian Er" are two levels of progression. The first is to praise the positive character of the plum tree. In the wind, frost, rain and dew, all the fragrance is filthy, but only the plum blossoms are in full bloom. There are many fruits, so people praise the superb charm of "the plum trees bloom first in October". "Flowers can be made in the frost" and "fruits can be made in the dew". In spring, plum trees are also praised for their "swaying spring breeze and charming spring day". It has the vitality to grow tenaciously through wind and rain, frost and snow.
However, these descriptions are just foreshadowing. The theme of the whole poem is "I miss you and chase the cold wind, with only frost and no frost." "Two sentences. The previous "Nian Qi" sentence is the first turning point, and the "Nian Er" sentence here is the second turning point. This turning point points out the poet's original intention. Although the plum tree has all the above-mentioned excellent qualities, it is a pity that The plum blossoms that are proud of the snow and frost cannot bloom for a long time, and ultimately cannot escape the fate of being "scattered and chased by the cold wind". This is the reason why the poet "complains about the plum blossoms", because it "only has the essence of frost and no frost". Therefore, although it can resist pride for a while, it is difficult to start and end well, and it ends up "falling apart"! It is a natural phenomenon for flowers to bloom and wither, and plum blossoms cannot bloom forever. Bao Zhao is just borrowing objects and personifications to satirize those who once wanted to practice moral integrity but could not persist in it. In a feudal autocratic society Intellectuals often suffered misfortunes because of their true words and advice. Therefore, many people often failed to maintain the late festival and joined in the same trend. In the Jin Dynasty, this situation was not uncommon. According to Bao Zhao's person and character, it can be seen that he could not maintain this kind of People with integrity are looked down upon very much, with contempt and a bit of regret at the same time. This poem uses plum blossoms as a metaphor to reveal the truth: a person's integrity is not a manifestation of a moment or thing, nor is it a superficial pretense. , but to live up to the name and abide by it for life. We can say that this is a philosophical poem. It talks about the philosophy of life. However, this philosophy is expressed in a metaphorical way. The poet created the image of plum blossoms. We start from In the artistic feeling of the image of plum blossoms, one can understand the philosophy of life, which can also be said to be in the interest of life. 2. What are the poems about "irony"
1. "Nanxiangzi·Dengjingkou North"
Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji
Where can I look at China? Beigu Tower is full of scenery. How many things have happened through the ages? long. The Yangtze River is endless.
The young man Wan Dou sat down and broke off the war in the southeast. Who is the rival of the world's heroes? Cao Liu. Having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou.
2. "Yong Yu Le·Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia for the Past"
Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji
Throughout the ages, there are no heroes, and Sun Zhong seeks a place. On the dance pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain. The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the slaves of humanity once lived. I think back then, when we were strong and strong, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger.
Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf in Xu, and won a hasty visit to the north. Forty-three years later, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. But looking back, under the Buddha and Li Temple, there is a sacred crow drum. Who can ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?
3. "Cold Food"
Tang Dynasty: Han Hong
Flowers are flying everywhere in the Spring City, and the east wind of Cold Food keeps the willows from slanting.
At dusk, candles were passed around the Han Palace, and light smoke dispersed into the house of the Five Marquises.
4. "Inscribed on Lin'an Residence"
Song Dynasty: Lin Sheng
Outside the Qingshan Tower outside the mountain, when will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop?
The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou.
5. "Gift to the Flower Queen"
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
The silk tubes in Jincheng are flowing day by day, half into the river wind and half into the clouds.
This song should only exist in heaven, and can only be heard several times in the human world.
3. What are the poems about "mockery"?
1. The business girl does not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sings the flowers in the backyard across the river.
This sentence comes from "Po Qinhuai", a poem by Du Mu, a litterateur in the Tang Dynasty. This poem is a sentimental work written by the poet when he visited Qinhuai at night. The first half describes the night view of Qinhuai, and the second half expresses his emotion. It uses the history of Chen Shubao, who eventually perished due to his pursuit of debauchery and pleasure, to satirize those who did not learn lessons from it. The rulers of the late Tang Dynasty who were in a state of drunkenness and dreaminess showed the author's incomparable concern and deep anxiety for the fate of the country. The whole poem embodies emotions in the scenery, with a sad artistic conception, deep and implicit feelings, refined language, and original artistic conception. The description of scenery, lyricism, and narrative are organically combined, and it has a strong artistic appeal.
2. "Two Poems of Compassion for the Farmers"
There is no idle land in the world, and farmers are still starving to death.
Who knows that every meal on the plate is hard work?
These two sentences come from "Two Poems of Compassion for the Farmers", a collection of poems written by Li Shen, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This group of poems profoundly reflects the living conditions of farmers in China's feudal era. The first poem concretely and vividly describes the scenes of fruitful harvests everywhere, highlighting the real problem of farmers who work hard to obtain a bumper harvest but are left empty-handed and starve to death;
The second poem depicts the scene of fruitful harvests under the scorching sun. The scene of farmers working in the fields at noon summarizes the life of farmers who work hard all year round. In the end, the almost far-reaching motto "Who knows that every grain on the plate is hard work" expresses the poet's sincere sympathy for the farmers. .
3. We are born from the same root, so why rush each other?
This sentence comes from "Seven Steps of Poetry", which is a poem by Cao Zhi, a poet of the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms period. This poem uses the beans and beans that are born from the same root to describe brothers with the same father and mother, and uses the fried beans to describe the brother Cao Pi who brutally harmed his younger brother. It expresses the strong dissatisfaction with Cao Pi, vividly, and in a simple way. It reflects the cruel struggle within the feudal ruling group and the poet's own difficult situation, depressed and angry thoughts and feelings.
4. I entered the city yesterday and came back with tears in my eyes.
Those who are covered with silkworms are not sericulture people.
"Silkworm Woman" is a five-character quatrain written by Zhang Yu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, which reflects the suffering of people's lives. This poem is based on what a peasant woman who raises silkworms sees and feels when she goes to the city to sell silk. It reveals the shocking social reality of "the exploiters get something for nothing, and the workers have no food or clothing" and expresses the poet's sympathy for the working people. , dissatisfaction with the oppression and exploitation of the ruling class.
5.
A rat has skin, but a human has no manners; if a human has no manners, what is the point of immortality?
A rat has teeth, but a human has no rest; a human has no rest, so why wait until death?
If a Rat has a body, a person will be rude; if a person is rude, why will he die?
"Guo Feng·Guo Feng·Xiang Mouse" is a poem in the "Book of Songs", the first poetry collection in ancient China. This poem clearly describes a rat, but in fact it is the ruler using hypocritical etiquette to deceive the people. The people hate it and compare it to a rat, giving it a bitter irony. The poem has three chapters, each chapter has four lines. The three chapters are overlapping, inspired by rats, repeated analogies, and juxtaposed meanings, but each has its own emphasis. The whole chapter is full of strong emotions and sharp language. It is both concentrated and exciting, which enhances the power and humor of satire. 4. What are the poems about "sarcasm"
1. "Nanxiangzi·Dengjingkou Beiguting Pavilion is pregnant" Song Dynasty: Where did Xin Qiji look at China? Beigu Tower is full of scenery.
How many things have happened through the ages? long. The Yangtze River is endless.
The young man Wan Dou sat down and broke off the war in the southeast. Who is the rival of the world's heroes? Cao Liu.
Having children should be like Sun Zhongmou. 2. "Yong Yu Le·Reminiscence of the Past at Guting in the North of Jingkou" Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji has gone through the ages, and there is no hero to be found, but Sun Zhong seeks a place.
On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain. The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the slaves of humanity once lived.
I think back then, when we were strong and strong, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger. Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf in Xu, and won a hurried visit to the north.
Forty-three years later, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road. But looking back, under the Buddha and Li Temple, there is a sacred crow drum.
Who is to ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living? 3. "Cold Food" Tang Dynasty: Han Hong's spring city is filled with flowers flying everywhere, and the east wind of Cold Food keeps the willows from slanting. At dusk, candles were passed around the Han Palace, and light smoke dispersed into the house of the Five Marquises.
4. "Inscribed on Lin'an Residence" Song Dynasty: Lin Sheng's Qingshan Tower outside the mountain, when will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop? The warm wind makes tourists drunk, and they call Hangzhou Bianzhou. 5. "Giving Flowers to the Queen" Tang Dynasty: Du Fu Jincheng silk tubes are flowing day by day, half into the river wind and half into the clouds.
This song should only exist in heaven, and can only be heard several times in the human world.