"Climbing Yueyang Tower with Twelve Summers" was written by Li Bai when he was pardoned in exile and returned to Zhou Jiangling. Xia XII, a friend of Li Bai, ranked 12th. Yueyang Tower is located on the high mountain in the northwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, "Dongting in the west and Junshan in the left", and it is also known as the three famous buildings in the south with Yellow Crane Tower and Wang Tengting. Poets who have moved to other places in the past dynasties have come here to express their feelings and ambitions. Li Bai's poems on the floor left a well-known chapter and added charming colors to Yueyang Tower.
The poet first described the magnificent scenery around Yueyang Tower:
"Louguan Yueyang is exhausted, and the Sichuan hole is open." Climb the Yueyang Tower and get a panoramic view. The river flows into the vast distance, Dongting Lake is vast and open, and Wang Yang is boundless. This is a distant view from the height of the building. Standing high and looking far, the distant and vast scenery of "Yueyang scenery", "Sichuan scenery" and "Dongting opening" vividly shows the poet's high foothold. This is a way of setting off by innuendo, and it goes without saying that the height of the building needs to be written on the front.
Li Bai was forgiven at this time and his mood was light. The scenery in front of him seems to be full of affection and interest, sharing happiness and joy with the poet:
"The geese lead the heart to worry, and the mountains hold the moon." Everything in nature described by the poet seems to have been given life. You see, the geese flew high, taking away the poet's sad and depressed heart; When the moon came out of the mountain pass, it seemed that Junshan brought a beautiful reunion month. "Wild geese lead to sorrow", and Wenyuan Huaying said that "wild geese will not go to Qiu Jiang". The latter only writes that the geese fly away from Qiu Jiang indifferently, lacking emotional color, which is far less than the former's anthropomorphic writing that the geese understand human feelings and take away their worries, which is in contrast with the next sentence that Junshan intends to "hold a good moon" and form an opposition, thus making the image vivid and interesting. The phrase "the mountain holds a good moon" is novel in imagination and originality. With the word "title", the realm comes out at once, which is complicated and humorous.
The poet is full of enthusiasm and fantasy, as if he were in a fairyland: "Clouds stay together and cups are held in the sky." Accommodation and drinking on Yueyang Tower are like clouds in the sky. Here, the height of the building is written by setting off, exaggerating its towering state. This seems to be an illusion in the hazy eyes. Admittedly, the poet is a little drunk:
"When you are drunk, it will be cold. When the wind is strong, people will dance back." A tall building is windy, and it is too cold at high places. The breeze is everywhere after drunkenness, and I'm still writing a building. The cool breeze blows gently, the sleeves are fluttering, the appearance is so chic, the mood is so smooth, and the attitude is so detached and open-minded! Ambition and ambition are beyond words. The pen is vivid and contains a strong interest in life.
The whole poem uses techniques such as contrast, contrast and exaggeration, without any direct description of the height of the building. Every sentence looks at the distant, open and towering scenery around Yueyang Tower from top to bottom, but it shows the height of the building everywhere, and there is no trace of axe chisel, which can be described as natural and ingenious.
While climbing Yueyang Tower, Du Fu did not have such lofty sentiments and was desolate everywhere. His artistic conception of "climbing Yueyang Tower" is very broad and magnificent.
The poem "There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth" refers to the vast Dongting Lake, which is the dividing line of Wu Chu. The sun, the moon and the stars are floating on the lake as a whole. It only takes ten words to vividly describe the huge image of Dongting Lake.
In his later years, Du Fu was already a "southwest man wandering between heaven and earth". Without a place to live, he had to "take the boat as his home". Therefore, it continued: "But I didn't get any news from my relatives or friends. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat." Relatives and friends don't even hear from them at this time, only the old, weak and sick poets are drifting around in a boat! From here, we can easily understand what kind of artistic conception the first two sentences "I've heard about Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I finally climb this tower" originally contained. On the surface, the artistic conception of these two poems seems simple: the poet said that he had heard about the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake several years ago, but today he can actually climb Yueyang Tower and see the beautiful scenery of the mountain and lake with his own eyes. Therefore, Ren Qiu thought, "I have heard about it in the past, and I am very happy to join the board of directors from the beginning." (1) but only in this way, I have a shallow understanding of the original artistic conception of Du Fu's poems. Here is not the joy of boarding a ship, but a lot of feelings are conveyed in this plain narrative, such as wandering the world, powerlessness, vicissitudes of life and strength. Yu Biyun's On Poetic Realm: "This topic is grand. The reader tries to think about how to start writing, and Shao Ling speaks directly from the theme. I have heard the name Dongting before, but now I have to go upstairs and see for myself. From the opposite side, it is powerful. " It was originally a feeling of depression, not joy; If it is happiness, it will not be related to "how can I not cry at the railing?" Who finished this sentence? We know that Du Fu's political life at that time was bumpy. But he never gave up his ambition of "a gentleman is virtuous". Where do I think I have accomplished nothing? All my old ambitions have gone up in smoke! The "present" and "past" in this poem have profound meanings. Therefore, at the end of this poem, I wrote: "There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall. How can I not cry next to this railing?" "Looking at Wan Li Guanshan, the world is still turbulent everywhere, and the poet leans on North Chang 'an. He couldn't help crying.
This poem is known as a vast and magnificent artistic conception, which comes from the ambition of the poem and the poet's life thinking, and also plays a role in reproducing the background of the times. In the early Qing Dynasty, Huang Sheng made a comment on this poem, to the effect that the first four sentences of this poem were so broad, and the fifth and sixth sentences described his life experience, so desolate and lonely. The artistic conception of the poem suddenly changed from wide to narrow, and the seventh and eighth sentences were difficult to arrange. Unexpectedly, the poet suddenly wrote the words "there are wars and mountains north of this wall". This kind of mind, coupled with the above "I have Wu in the east and Chu in the south, I can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth" to write the magnificent weather of nature, can be well set off, so the talents created will certainly overwhelm future generations, and no one will dare to write the poems of Yueyang Tower.