(1) Observe whether tadpoles swimming in the water are in dense groups or scattered groups. The former is often the tadpole of toad, while the latter is mostly the tadpole of frog.
(2) Catch tadpoles with fishing nets and put them in glass bottles for observation, or put them on the palm of your hand for observation. Tadpoles with lighter body color, slightly round body, long tail and long mouth at the front end of their heads are frogs. Toad tadpoles, with black body and shallow tail, oval shape, short tail and long mouth at the front of the head (see picture).
(3) Observing the front end of tadpole's head with a magnifying glass, the arrangement of its horny teeth is also different. There are three rows of fine horny teeth under their lower lip, but the upper rows of frogs' teeth are broken, while the toad's three rows of fine teeth are kept open (see picture).
(4) What Tomb-Sweeping Day saw before and after was mostly toad tadpoles; Frog tadpoles can't be seen until about mid-May.
Let me introduce toad first.
Toad is a general term for Anura and Bufonidae. The most common toad is the big toad, commonly known as toad. The skin is rough, and the back is covered with pimples of all sizes, which are sebaceous glands. The largest pair is the retroauricular gland located above the tympanic membrane of the head. The white venom secreted by these glands (note here) is the raw material for making toad venom.
During the day, toads hide in dark places, such as under rocks, in pits or in grass. At night, activities are carried out in ponds, gullies, river banks, fields, vegetable gardens, roadsides or around houses, especially after rain, and they tend to focus on dry places to prey on various pests. Toads mostly lurk in mud or rotten grass at the bottom of the water in winter, and some spend the winter in land soil.
In early spring, toads lay eggs in the water. The difference between toad eggs and frog eggs is that if the egg blocks formed by eggs are massive, this is frog eggs; If many eggs are in a continuous linear belt, and the eggs in the belt are arranged in two rows, like a string of beads, this is the toad's egg.
Toad tadpoles are also different from frog tadpoles. Frog tadpoles have a round body, a long tail and a light body color, and their mouths are at the front of their heads. Toad tadpoles have long black bodies, short tails, slightly lighter colors than their bodies, and their mouths are on the ventral surface of the front end of their heads.
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Then I will show you a Sina news.
The following is a story about a toad that is harmful to people and animals.
In northern Australia, there is an ugly and poisonous fat toad, which is harmful to wildlife and human beings. Nowadays, the number of this kind of toad is increasing, and the occupied territory is expanding rapidly, approaching the big cities day by day. How to deal with them effectively has become a headache for local people. A few days ago, some members suggested that they should be killed with a stick. However, this execution method has also caused fierce controversy.
In order to stop the spread of these annoying fat toads, the local government has thought of many ways, but the effect is not great. At the same time, the sea toad is still expanding its territory. In March, 2005, the sea toad has "invaded" the suburb of Darwin, the capital of Australia's Northern Territory, which is very close to the urban area.
The Northern Territory government called on the people to make suggestions for the eradication of toads. On April 1 1 local time, David Tahlner, a member of the local government, said in an interview with the media that when people saw the sea toad, they should hit it on the head with a cricket bat, golf club and other sticks until it was killed.
In Tahlner's view, if the government actively encourages people to do so, it will certainly help prevent sea toads from entering Darwin and also help prevent them from "advancing" to other parts of northern Australia.
However, this method of directly killing the sea toad immediately caused a controversy in the local area. Some people agree with Tahlner's suggestion, while animal rights organizations say that although sea toads do harm to one side, this method is too cruel and inhuman.
A spokesman for the organization said: "We don't want children to fight toads in the yard with their cricket bats and golf clubs, nor do we want them to treat any animals like this." The proposal of animal rights organizations is that we can consider freezing sea toads in a freezer.
References:
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Frogs refer to amphibians without tails, such as frogs (frogs with black spots) and toads (commonly known as toads). They belong to chordates, vertebrates and amphibians in classification. Because the naked skin can't effectively prevent the evaporation of water in the body, they can't live without boiling water or humid environment, and they are afraid of drought and cold. Therefore, most of them live in tropical and temperate rainy areas, and there are very few species distributed in cold zones. There are about 130 species of frogs in China, and almost all of them are experts in exterminating forest and farmland pests.
The common frogs in farmland are Rana nigromaculata, Rana zewalskii, Rana aurea, Bufo raddei, etc. The bullfrog introduced from Cuba can be regarded as a "giant" among frogs, and its body length can reach 20 cm. Its Cleisthenes songs are very similar to those of Niu Jiao, so they are called bullfrogs. In fact, there are big frogs in China, such as the tiger frog living in the rice fields in the south of the Yangtze River, which is over 12 cm long and barks like a dog. Echinofrog, also known as "stone chicken", lives in the mountains and streams in the south of the Yangtze River, with a body length of about 12 cm. So how big is the smallest frog in China? Just a little bigger than broad beans. In early spring and February, when it was still snowing in the north, flowers were in full bloom on Hainan Island. At this time, the sound of "quack" can be heard near the rice fields during the day. This is the smallest frog, courting. The body length is only 2.5 cm. When singing, a big bubble blowing sac will bulge at the lower part of the throat. Sometimes, you can hear the squeaking sound of water plants, which is a small frog that is not easy to be found-floating frog. The floating frog is gray, only 2 cm long, and often floats among aquatic plants, only showing its head. As soon as there is any movement, dive to escape. Although these frogs are small, they are natural enemies of small pests and termites. There are about a dozen tree frogs in China. They are light and thin, with suction cups at their fingertips. They are good at climbing tall trunks or bushes, and their body color is consistent with their surroundings.
The reproductive characteristics of frogs are hermaphroditism, fertilization in water and oviposition. The breeding time is about the middle and late April of each year. In the process of breeding, frogs have a very special phenomenon-hugging each other. It should be noted that the frog hug is not mating, but a link in the breeding process. Studies have shown that if male and female frogs are artificially separated (that is, there is no hugging process), then even during the breeding period of frogs, female frogs cannot excrete eggs. It can be seen that the biological significance of cuddling is that it can promote female frog ovulation. Generally, frogs lay eggs and fertilize in water. After hatching, the egg becomes a tadpole, lives in the water, and then becomes a young frog ashore. However, tree frogs lay eggs in different ways. The eggs laid by tree frogs with spotted legs are like a mass of white soap bubbles and a mass of cream, which are attached to aquatic plants. The most interesting thing is the Emei tree frog, which lays its eggs on leaves near the water. The egg develops in the egg and then falls into the lake to continue its development. Another example is the piano frog, which sings very sweetly. Before laying eggs, it will build a mud nest and then lay eggs in it. Some frogs belonging to tree frogs don't climb trees, but live in water. Some tree frogs, such as the red webbed tree frog and the black webbed tree frog, have wide webbed feet between their fingers and toes, which can spread their webbed feet from high branches to low branches, so they are also called flying frogs. Besides tree frogs, frogs with suckers include rain frogs and rushing frogs. Among them, rapids are special. They like to live in fast-flowing waters and can quickly cross rapids and climb rocks. The tadpoles of the turbulent frog are also very strange. There is a sucker in its abdomen, which can be adsorbed on the rock to avoid being washed away by the rapids. Toad is a rare frog unique to China. It first appeared in Emei Mountain and was later found in several southern provinces. The snout of this frog is wide, round and flat, and there are 12- 16 pyramid-shaped horny black spines on the male maxillary margin, so it is called mustache toad. The function of these "beards" is still under study. There are many kinds of frogs, but no matter which one, they mainly feed on pests.
Besides making great contributions to agricultural production, frogs have other uses. Although toad looks ugly and smelly, it can secrete a venom because of its tuberous roots on the skin. This venom can be used to make toad venom, which is the raw material of many drugs. It is said to have hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, detoxicating and detumescence effects. Traditional Chinese medicines such as Liushen Pill and Venenum Bufonis all contain Venenum Bufonis. Zewa can cure scabies, which has the effect of eliminating dampness and detoxifying, and Tiger frog can cure infantile malnutrition. Oviductus Ranae is a frog produced in the northeast of China. Oviductus Ranae extracted from oviduct is a tonic, which can treat diseases such as qi deficiency, weakness, hypodynamia, hypomnesis, postpartum hypogalactia, etc. The meat is edible. Now our country has started to raise frogs. Bullfrog is delicious and can be raised as a non-staple food. Canned bullfrog has been sold abroad.
As the weather gets warmer, hibernating frogs begin to wake up. As we all know, frogs play an inestimable role in preying on pests, protecting farmland and maintaining ecological balance, so we should vigorously advocate the protection of frogs. Although the agricultural department has issued instructions to protect frogs, people in some areas have the habit of eating frog meat, and the implementation of frog protection is not thorough enough. Therefore, we advocate vigorously promoting the protection of frogs, developing frog industry and raising some large and fleshy frog varieties, which not only protects frogs in farmland, but also meets the needs of the people.