Lao She
This time, I saw the grassland. The sky there is more lovely than other days. The air is so fresh and the sky is so clear. I always want to sing a song to express my happiness. Under the sun, it is thousands of miles away, not endless. There are mountains on all sides, the ground is green and the mountains are green. The sheep climbed the mountain for a while, and then came down again. Wherever they go, it's like embroidering big white flowers on the endless green carpet. The lines of those hills are so soft, just like boneless paintings, only rendered in green, not outlined with a pen. So, green is flowing everywhere, gently flowing into the clouds. This state is both amazing and comfortable. I want to look around for a long time, sit down and sing a beautiful poem softly. In this realm, even the steed and Daniel sometimes stand still, as if recalling the infinite fun of the grassland.
We visited the animal husbandry commune in Chenbaerhu Banner. The bus traveled 150 miles before reaching its destination. One hundred and fifty miles are grasslands. Go 150 miles, or grassland. Driving on the grassland is very free and easy. As long as the direction is good, you can go anywhere. When I first entered the grassland, I couldn't hear or see anything except some birds flying around. After walking for a long time, I saw a winding belt in the distance, as bright as glass. River! There are many cattle and sheep, and they also see horses, and there is a faint whip. Soon, soon to the commune. Suddenly, a group of horses appeared on the distant mountain, as if a gust of wind was blowing. Men, women and children immediately put on all kinds of clothes, and horses danced like rainbows. This is the host coming from dozens of miles away to welcome guests from afar. When the master saw us, he immediately turned his horse's head, cheered and ran to lead the way in front of the car. Quiet grassland, lively: cheers, cars, hooves, ringing into one. Cars and horses flew over the hill and saw some yurts.
Outside the yurt, there are many horses and many cars. Many people came to see us by horse or car from dozens of miles away. We invited a female dancer from Hailar to translate for us. Her name is beautiful-Crystal Flower. She is Chen.
Qimin, Ewenki. The master got off the horse, so did we. I don't know whose hand it is, but I always hold it warmly and hold it. We don't need Comrade Crystal Flower to translate. Our languages are different, but our hearts are the same. Shake hands and shake hands, laugh and laugh. When you say yours, I say mine, which generally means national unity and mutual assistance!
Somehow, I got into the yurt. Milk tea is poured, milk tofu is placed, and the host and guest sit cross-legged. Everyone is very polite, and everyone is so affectionate and unconstrained. Soon, the hospitable host brought a large plate of mutton and milk wine. The cadres of the commune toasted us, and the 70-year-old man toasted us. To be exact:
Blessing is often difficult to express, so don't forget each other when you raise your glass!
We reciprocate, the host raises his glass, and we reciprocate. At this time, Ewenki girls, wearing pointed hats and a little shy in generosity, came to sing folk songs for the guests. Our fellow singers also sing very fast. Singing seems louder and more touching than any other language. No matter what you sing, the listener will always show a knowing smile.
After dinner, the boys performed horse riding and wrestling, and the girls performed folk dances. The guests are dancing, singing and riding Mongolian horses. The sun has set, and no one will leave. Yes! Tianya, why can't you bear to say goodbye to Mongolian and Chinese feelings?
Green grass and sunset!
People's lives have changed, and everything on the grassland has also changed. Take yurts as an example. In the past, it was called a felt house, but today it is different. It is made of wood strips and straw, so that it can be cool in summer and modified in winter. Look at those horses.
Well, there are short and lean Mongolian horses, and there are tall new breeds of three hippos. This kind of big horse is really decent. At first glance, people think of words like "Dragon and Horse Spirit" and want to ride it in Wan Li. Cattle have also changed varieties, some of which weigh more than 1000 Jin and have breasts like small tanks. Cattle, fat grass and fragrant milk are like springs! Not grandiose. There are both the original big-tailed sheep and the new breed of short-tailed fine-wool sheep in the flock. The former has good meat, while the latter has good hair. Yes, the prosperity of people and animals is one of the new phenomena on the grassland.
196 1 year1October 13 was published in People's Daily.
Appreciation and analysis
In the article Grassland, Lao She, the master of language, deliberately combined the descriptions of opposites and exclusions, so that language can see the meaning in simplicity and philosophy in everyday life, and express complex thoughts and feelings vividly. The analysis is as follows:
First, the lines of those hills are so soft, just like Chinese painting only renders green without ink lines. Green is flowing everywhere and gently flows into the clouds.
"Emerald lust flows" means that emerald will flow but not flow; And "flowing into the clouds" means that the color of emerald has flowed into the clouds. Are the two contradictory? In fact, this is not contradictory, but vividly shows the realistic modality of grassland scenery. "Green wants to flow, slowly flowing into the clouds" describes two different visual images respectively. The first sentence is a close-up description: the grassland is thick and green, shiny and shiny, giving people the feeling of "wanting to flow" This is turning static into dynamic, highlighting the color and life of grass and expressing the author's infinite love and admiration. The last sentence is a long-distance description: from a distance, the grassland meets the sky, the thick green sets off the sky, and the jade is thousands of miles away, constantly extending to the depths of the sky. Besides, the car is driving forward. Don't those hills in the field of vision, which are "only green and don't want ink lines", and grasslands thousands of miles away, all quietly flow to the sky?
Second, this realm is both amazing and comfortable; I want to stand for a long time, I want to sit down and sing a beautiful poem softly.
"Amazing" and "comfortable", "willing to stand for a long time" and "wanting to sit down" are contradictory. In fact, the author is amazed at the prairie that has never been seen before, "thousands of miles away, but it is not vast"; Comfort is a vast grassland, full of vigor, vitality, broad vision, open-minded, refreshing; "I am willing to stand for a long time" because of the beautiful scenery of the grassland, "even the horses and cows sometimes stand still", not to mention people with rich feelings; "I want to sit down" because the beauty of the fundus moistens my heart and induces passion, which is what I want to express and express. It is this contradictory brushwork that skillfully depicts the rich inner feelings of "I" in this specific realm.
Third, when I first entered the grassland, I couldn't hear anything or see anything except some birds flying around.
Since "I can't see anything", how can I see "some birds flying around" In fact, this is a rhetorical device called "Chu (m 4 n) mutual". It completely affirms and partially denies something; Or both negative and positive. Watching "Some Birds Fly Down" is to set off and emphasize the quietness of "first entering the grassland" more truly. This is to write silence with sound, and to contrast silence with movement, thus highlighting the vitality of the vast grassland that is silent and immortal.
Literal meaning is the product of objective things reflected in the author's mind, and it is the understanding obtained by the author's analysis and research on objective things. Because objective things are so varied and changeable, the author's understanding can be divided into right and wrong, profound and superficial. It needs careful experience and repeated research, and has been "refining" until he understands the essence of things and writes to the point? Purple article.
In this regard, let's talk about Lao She's "Grassland" Volume 11. This paper describes the beautiful scenery the author saw during his first visit to Inner Mongolia grassland and the scene that he was warmly welcomed by the Mongolian compatriots, expressing the deep friendship of the Mongolian people to the Han people and fully embodying that the motherland is a United and friendly family of people of all ethnic groups. This is the theme and significance of this article.
China is a multi-ethnic country. After the founding of New China, an equal ethnic policy was implemented, and a multi-ethnic unified family was formed. Lao She's description of his trip to the grassland reflects the theme of national friendship and refines this meaning, which undoubtedly captures the true essence of ethnic relations under the socialist system and is very correct.
Of course, the correct meaning should be expressed properly. Lao She described it in the order of first entering the grassland, welcoming guests from afar, outside the yurt, inside the yurt, and saying goodbye to the host and guest, paying attention to highlighting the scenes of Mongolian people greeting, warm hospitality and cordial party from afar. Between the lines are permeated with the flesh and blood of the Mongolian people.
It is worth studying that in the process of refining the meaning of the text, the author condensed it into two poems, "Mongolian and Chinese love each other deeply, why can't bear to leave, the world is green and the sun sets", which are just fourteen words, but contain rich and profound thoughts and feelings, leaving readers endless room for aftertaste:
Inner Mongolia grassland air is fresh, the sky is high and the clouds are light, endless, and there is a thousand miles of green everywhere, which is intoxicating. Isn't it the corresponding "Tianya Bicao"? The two sentences in the poem "How to endure parting" and "Heart-to-heart talk in the sunset" are the embodiment and portrayal of "Mongolian-Chinese affection", which is just right with the description of Mongolian herders galloping on the battlefield, welcoming guests, entertaining guests and singing and dancing.
At the same time, the author also received the effect of revealing the theme and deepening the meaning of the text by quoting poems. Where is the "Mongolian and Chinese love"? As soon as the authors set foot on the grassland, their love rose from the bottom of their hearts; Herdsmen went far away to welcome guests, cheering, shaking hands, toasting, singing and performing. The two sides were like a family, and they were in harmony, which further demonstrated the profound friendship between Mongolia and China. In particular, "How to Endure Parting" highlights the inner world of both the host and the guest, and is naturally "affectionate" because of reluctance, while "Sunset" shows the touching feelings of both the host and the guest, with endless words. Isn't it "affectionate"? It can be said that quoting poems is a concise summary of the brotherhood between Mongolian and Chinese nationalities, and it is also a further expansion and strengthening of literary significance.
In addition, the poem "The sky is greener and the sun is setting" quoted in the poem seems to be a close-up: on the endless grassland, the host and the guest depend on each other, time goes by and the sun is sinking, but they are unaware of it. This is the image of Mongolian and Chinese love. What are they talking about? Perhaps it is to thank the host for his warm reception, perhaps it is to hope that the guests will come back as soon as possible, or perhaps it is to encourage each other and work together ... This memorable close-up is closely related to the whole theme of "Mongolian and Chinese love". Isn't it further deepened?
Therefore, refining the meaning correctly is not a one-off event, but a process of melting, deepening and strengthening.