Albania is one of the least populous countries in Europe, with serious internal divisions. Albanian people fought hard to defend national independence, unify language and establish modern culture. Albanian is divided into two different dialects: Gaelic in the north and tasker in the south. People believe in three religions-Roman Catholicism, Greek Orthodox Church and Islam. During the more than 400 years of Ottoman rule, the cause of Albania's reunification was full of difficulties. At that time, although Turkey employed many educated Albanian Muslims to hold senior positions, it was not allowed to publish books in Albanian. Many of Albany's books can only be published in Romania, Bulgaria and Egypt.
Albanian folk songs mainly use "Yang Yi Ge" with 7 or 8 syllables per line. The most beautiful northern folk epic, The Epic of Khalil, has 10 syllables per line. Like other epics, this epic praises the national heroes of Albania and Slavic. Epics about Slavic heroes are usually set in Albania. Other poems reflect the people's struggle against foreign aggression in the Balkans. There are also some poems praising the great Albanian national hero George Castriotis, namely Scanderbeg. Among Albanian immigrants in southeastern Italy, there is a folk epic praising Skand Berg, which vividly describes the heroic struggle of Albanian Christians in the Middle Ages under the leadership of this national hero to safeguard national independence and resist Turkish rule. Patriotism represented by Scanderbeg is still one of the sources of Albanian literary creation.
Up to now, the oldest Albanian poem was written in Tusk in 1598 by Luca Matranga, a priest in Albanian residence in Sicily. It is generally believed that Albanian modern poetry was born in the19th century, mainly because people have a strong interest in romantic folk songs. At that time, an Italian whose parents were Albanians, Girolamo de Rada, began to collect folk songs, and then drew lessons from them and wrote his own poems. Another important poet is Italian Albanians Tsev Schiro, Sami Bay and his brother Naeem Frasheri, who strongly promoted the development of Albanian national culture. Naeem is a famous Albanian patriotic poet. Although his nephew Mi Frasheri is not a poet, he has published works in Sofia for exiled Albanian poets such as Alexander Drenova. An important poet in this period was Anton Chaco (Chaubi,1866-1930). Most of his lyric poems were published in Egypt.
19 19 After Albania regained its independence, the poet turned his activity center to China. At that time, the Catholic North became the center of cultural revival, and the outstanding poet was Father Fista (1871-1940). His poetry is brilliant, and he became famous in the poetry circle as early as the early 20th century. His works include lyric poems, satirical poems, dramatic poems and epic "Pipa in the Mountain", and he is known as the national poet of Albania. Other important poets are V Prenuhi, N. mje da, E. coli CCI and E Hashiyadmi. F S Nolli, the Bishop of Albanian Orthodox Church, enjoys a high reputation for translating Shakespeare's works and O khayyam's "Rubia". The most striking young poet in this period was L Poladech, who combined the influence of Goethe, Eminescu and French symbolism and created a brand-new poetic style. Another beloved poet is A Aslanni, whose poems express the poet's sadness about social decline in the style of folk songs.
In 1930s, under the pressure of neighboring countries, Albania quickly turned to the western world, and even Muslims would rather study in the west than go to Istanbul, Turkey, their traditional cultural center. The unified national organization replaced the scattered tribal structure. Writers in Tirana and other cities are increasingly associated with western culture. The Italian invasion not only stopped this trend, but also split the unity of Albanian intellectuals and involved them in various complicated international struggles. The outstanding poets in contemporary Albania include Mireni, Alex Kaqi, Mark Endo, Willie Eslamy and so on.