alexandrov ensemble
There is an ordinary small courtyard on the outskirts of Tbilisi. A woman in her thirties lived in a room on the left side of the yard. Her name is Laches? Pushoulez, she always sits at the window and does needlework. The owner of the house is Rostovma Chivilie, who seems to be an ordinary citizen who follows the rules. In fact, there is an underground printing factory hidden in this small yard, which specializes in printing revolutionary documents and propaganda materials. Laches. Pushulez and Rostov Marquisvili are both underground workers. The former is responsible for sewing duty, while the latter is responsible for organizing painting work. This underground printing factory was established under the leadership of Stalin in 1903, and was destroyed by Russian military police in 1906. 1937, the Soviet government rebuilt a memorial hall here.
-This is the content of Mao Dun's article The Underground Printing Factory in Tbilisi. I remember teaching this text a long time ago when I was teaching in a middle school. The textbook was published by People's Education Publishing House (19811) (printed several times in the following years). Are there any in middle school textbooks now?
My earliest impression of Georgia comes from this article. Because Tbilisi is the capital of Georgia, my first impression of Georgia is "revolution", "underground activities", "destruction" and "arrest". Although I used to know Stalin, I don't care where he came from. After contacting this article, I confirmed that he was Georgian. Many years later, the Soviet Union produced another talented and personable foreign minister, Shevardnadze, who was called "White Fox" because of his wit and ability. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, he went to Georgia and became president. At that time, I was very suspicious: how did he run to Georgia to be president? When I checked, it turned out that he was Georgian, too.
For a long time, this is all I know about Georgia. And to be honest, the above-mentioned Stalin gave me a very bad impression. One of the greatest dictators in the 20th century did many bad things. Shevardnadze is ok; As for that short article, I have no feeling about it because it only provides a little information about political activities. Later I learned that "Tbilisi" means "hot spring" in Georgian. It is said that there are many hot springs in that area. Looking for this clue to check the information, it turns out that Georgia is located in the Caucasus mountains, most of which are above 1000 meters above sea level. The northern part is the Great Caucasus Mountains, the southern part is the Little Caucasus Mountains, and the central part is the mountainous lowlands, plains and plateaus. Because of this geographical reason, my impression of Georgia has changed a lot. Caucasus? That's a great place!
Speaking of Caucasus, I always think of some Russian poets' descriptions of it. In a poem by Jerchavin, there is such a poem:
Young leader, after the success of the expedition,
You led an army all over the Caucasus,
I have seen terrible and natural beauty;
From terrible peaks, angry rivers
How to pour down and flow into mountains and valleys;
Snow that has been still for centuries.
How to fall from the top of the mountain like a thunderbolt;
How do antelope's horns bend?
Look at yourself in the dark.
Thunder roared and lightning flashed.
Have you ever seen, when the sky is clear,
The sun shines on the ice and snow,
How to reflect the splendor in the river,
Showed a moving and magnificent scene;
What about the color of a little rain in Mao Mao?
Scattered in the foam, sparkling;
There are big blue and yellow stones.
Hanging high, how to see the pine forest;
On that side, there are purple clouds in yellow.
Tease our eyes through the forest.
This is an amazing picture of the Caucasus that appeared earlier in Russian literature. It is majestic, glorious, sacred and full of primitive vitality. Perhaps this Caucasus is too impressive, and there is a similar description in the poems of zhukovsky, the first great Russian romantic poet, which later appeared:
Tall rocks covered with moss,
Pour from granite to rock with a bang.
Flying springs in the darkness in the bottomless abyss;
Forests for centuries, whether it is
The sound of an axe, or the language of human happiness,
Never disturb its quiet dreams,
There, the sun never shines during the day.
Through the shadows of darkness and eternity,
There, you can occasionally see stags,
When they heard the terrible cry of the goshawk,
Crowded together, the branches rustled,
The antelope lifts its four flexible legs.
Running around in despair on that rock.
There, the spectacular nature is fantastic.
One by one in front of our eyes!
After Pushkin arrived, Caucasus became an important theme in his poems. He has a lyric short poem entitled "Caucasus", but his long poem "Prisoner of Caucasus" has won a greater reputation for its "sad tone and description of scenery" (Pushkin's language). This poem depicts a Russian youth who is "a friend of nature and a traitor to the world". Tired of the world, he "abandoned his lovely hometown" and "flew to this distant place" to seek freedom. But he became a prisoner in Chergis, and later a girl in Chergis fell in love with him and helped him get free. In poetry, the poet shows his yearning for exotic customs. After Pushkin, lermontov also wrote two poems about the Caucasus, one with the same name as Pushkin, also called Caucasus, and the other called Caucasian Morning. There are three paragraphs before * * *, and each paragraph ends with a sentence "I love Caucasus"; In Morning in the Caucasus, lermontov, like his predecessors, described the natural landscape of the Caucasus: strange night fog, boundless forests, silent foothills, gurgling water, cliffs, dawn and so on.
The beauty of the Caucasus, that's nothing to say. Listening to the Georgian folk song Su Like deepened my impression and feeling of that kind of beauty. I think it is natural that people living in that environment can create such touching songs. It is said that the word "Su Like" means "dear" in Georgian. The pattern of this song is not big, but the melody is smooth, with a kind of intimate affection and a touch of melancholy beauty, which is very good.
This song appeared in the 1920s, when Georgia was still a member of the Soviet Union, so this song belongs to the Russian-Soviet song.