1 Appreciation Method of Chinese Reading in Senior High School
Classical Chinese reading
In view of the fact that most of the reading questions in classical Chinese are narrative, we should try our best to find people and things in the text and circle the following related contents in the text: how many people are there and how to call them; Who is the protagonist and what is the relationship with others; There are several things that are done by several people; The relationship between events, what is the significance, is generally hierarchical. Then review the questions, study the paragraphs with these questions, don't entangle in irrelevant places, and work hard in important places.
1. Understanding of notional words in classical Chinese: adhere to the principle of "words are inseparable from sentences". Make use of the structural characteristics of words and words. Take the way of association from there to here to quickly understand the meaning of words. The explanation given in the option can be substituted into the sentence and confirmed repeatedly in combination with the context. In addition, we should pay special attention to the phenomenon of polysemy, flexible use of words, different meanings between ancient and modern times, false words and biased meanings in classical Chinese. At ordinary times, the explanations of individual morphemes in some idioms we have accumulated can sometimes give us some enlightenment and use it for me.
2. Meaning and usage of function words: On the premise of understanding the meaning of the sentence, according to the position of the word in the sentence, turn the function words into content words and judge the part of speech and usage.
3. "Screening information" and "grasping the meaning of the text": these are the last two questions in reading classical Chinese. Pay attention to the overall grasp. In particular, the last question "grasp the meaning of the text" and the setting of four options in this question. Most of them are arranged in the order of the original content, and inappropriate items are often selected, which is helpful to understand the full text and provide effective information for solving the previous problems. It is advisable to slow down here and try to do it right. When you're done, go back and check the correctness of the previous question.
Read articles in natural science and social science.
These two parts are generally examined in the form of single choice, and * * * has four small questions. To do these four questions well, we should pay attention to the following points:
1. Pay attention to thinking carefully and thoroughly.
2. Be sure to find the words, sentences and paragraphs corresponding to the test questions, compare and understand them repeatedly, and carefully judge whether the options are right or wrong; Reasoning based on the original sentence should be reasonable, otherwise it will become "out of thin air"
3. Understand several situations of setting interference items: stealing concepts, generalizing, making things out of nothing, expanding or narrowing the scope of concepts, lacking evidence, reversing cause and effect, confusing before and after, pretending to be wrong, and so on.
Reading natural science articles may be boring sometimes, so keep your brain awake. Calm down and read carefully, trying to understand accurately.
Answer skills:
The first is to lock the reading interval of the topic, which is the understanding of words and sentences related to the first few paragraphs and lines, especially the first and second paragraphs.
Second, 1, 2 questions are generally easy, you can directly find the position in the original text, according to the stem of the question. What is generally consistent with the original text is mostly correct.
Third, the setting of the third and fourth questions is a little more difficult. Most of the wrong questions in the title deviate from the original text. The nuances should be clarified.
2. High school Chinese reading skills and appreciation skills
Poetry appreciation questions
Examination statement: (1) Appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works; (2) Evaluate the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes.
The first step is to interpret the text accurately: on the basis of understanding the characteristics of poetic language, we should grasp the key points:
(1) On the whole, look at the title of the poem, circle the title (one word), and carefully study the title of ancient poetry. Some titles actually summarize the main content of the poem, or provide an emotional tone for you to understand the poem. Look at the author again and recall the dynasty and style of the author. Pay attention to the influence of the times on writers (such as patriotic thoughts in the Southern Song Dynasty);
(2) Look down: read the notes, understand the background of the poem, and look for clues about the content and emotion of the poem.
(3) Middle reading: Look at the main body of the poem, circle one or two words in each sentence as sentence eyes, and pay special attention to adjectives and adverbs (such as loneliness) that express emotions in the poem. In the second half, argumentation and lyricism are generally used, which is the theme of the poem.
The second step is to clarify the key points of the answer (that is, to give points). Answer small-caliber questions casually, and large-caliber questions generally include three points:
(1) Writing skills: See the four categories attached below for common writing skills (skills).
(2) The content revealed by the technique: Combining with the poem, analyze what features of the image (people, things and scenery) are written by this technique, or what thoughts and feelings (philosophies) are expressed (highlighted).
(3) the role played: the role played by this writing in content or form. The function of content: deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, profound implication, thought-provoking and far-reaching form: front and back care, combination of reality and reality, sharing first and then dividing, question and answer)
(Note: The three main points of different questions have different emphases, and what you ask is what you answer; And the order of the three points should be organically combined according to the types of specific topics. )
3 high school Chinese reading appreciation methods
First, comprehensive analysis and comprehensive investigation.
Some reading questions require students to say the meaning of the answer in their own words, and there are often word limits. This kind of questions requires students' language expression ability, and the questions are also difficult. To solve this kind of test questions, we should thoroughly understand the main points of the answers, correctly understand the scope, angle and way of expression, and express them in standardized language.
Secondly, recognize the clear role of technology.
In modern reading, proposers often examine candidates from the aspects of expression and rhetoric. Therefore, it is very helpful to understand and appreciate the article to master the commonly used expressions and rhetorical devices and clarify their rhetorical functions. In recent years, the reading of modern Chinese in the college entrance examination has roughly investigated the following rhetorical devices:
1. Metaphor: To be appropriate, there must be similarities. The more obvious and prominent the similarity between ontology and vehicle, the more appropriate the metaphor is.
2. Analogy: including personification and imitation. Personification is to describe things as adults and give them human emotions, will, actions, etc. Imitation is to describe people as things, or to describe this thing as another thing. Using analogy can make people or things colorful and vivid.
3. Exaggeration: including reasonable exaggeration or reduction of things. Lu Xun wrote in Medicine: ... eyes are like two knives, cutting the old bolt in half. "The last sentence used the exaggeration of" narrowing ". Exaggeration should be reasonable, its function is to set off the atmosphere, enhance association, inspire people and enhance the expression effect.
4. Duality: commonly known as "antithesis", it is called "antithesis" in poetry. Duality can be divided into wide pair and strict pair. Generally speaking, the number of words, relative parts of speech, structure and related meanings of the upper and lower sentences should be the same; It can be a phrase or a sentence. There are positive, negative and flowing equivalent types. Use duality, neat sentences, concise expression and lyricism.
Third, parallelism.
The main function of parallelism is to express strong and unrestrained feelings, enhance the momentum of language and highlight the focus of meaning. Using parallelism to make sense, we can make the argument rigorous and thorough, use parallelism to convey feelings, use parallelism to describe things orderly, and use parallelism to portray characters meticulously and profoundly.
4 high school Chinese reading appreciation skills
1. Look at the whole article and grasp the central idea.
The article is an organic whole. If you don't pay attention to the whole article and have no sense of overall grasp, the result can only be half the effort, or even in vain. Therefore, the improvement of reading efficiency depends on whether we can correctly grasp the main idea of the article.
So, how to grasp the main idea of the article? First of all, we should focus on the whole article, pay attention to internal relations, control the article condescendingly from a macro perspective, and understand the main idea of the article. Secondly, it depends on the author of the article, the writing time, the comments after the article and so on. In particular, it is necessary to browse what questions are asked later, guess the main idea of the article from the options of the topic, and clarify the author's main writing intention, so that the problem can be better solved.
2. Clear the context and divide the levels.
The modern part of the college entrance examination sometimes directly examines the examinee's grasp of the hierarchical context of the article, and sometimes it does not directly give questions from this aspect, but no matter what questions are answered, with the understanding of the internal basis of the article, the answers will be overwhelming.
3. Accurate extraction of search range
Good reading quality is not only reflected in the overall grasp of the article, but also in the confirmation of some parts. When reading, first look at which paragraphs or areas in the text the topic involves and determine the corresponding sentences, and then carefully analyze the meaning of each sentence in this paragraph, clarify the relationship between paragraphs and understand the writing ideas. Reading questions are generally extracted from places that students may ignore and may not really understand in the selected text, and compiled into various forms of questions to test students' understanding ability. Therefore, the answer should be found in the selected text. As long as you carefully ponder the context and accurately grasp the key sentences, the answers to most questions can be "picked out" in the original text.