1． Rhetorical techniques: Any method or means that makes a sentence more vivid, expressive and artistically beautiful can be called rhetorical techniques. Rhetorical devices are specific to specific sentences. There are many types of rhetorical techniques and the content is complex. However, the college entrance examination Chinese language exam syllabus requires students to master eight rhetorical techniques (figures of speech): metaphor, analogy, metonymy, hyperbole, parallelism, parallelism, question and rhetorical question. Rhetorical techniques in poetry include metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, parallelism, questioning, rhetorical questioning, truthfulness, rising, etc.
⑴. Metaphor: comparing one thing or situation to another, which can be divided into simile, metaphor, metonymy and metaphor. It has the function of highlighting the characteristics of things and turning abstractions into images.
For example, the poem "Asking you how much sorrow you have is like a river of spring water flowing eastward" cleverly compares the abstract "sorrow" to a river rolling eastward, and expresses the abundance and duration of sorrow. .
Example: Read the following Song poem and answer the questions.
Liu Shaoqing·Send to Lu Meipo
Liu Guofan's chrysanthemum ① cup is deep, and the plum blossoms ② are far away, both in the capital. Gathering and dispersing in a hurry, there are solitary geese by the clouds and duckweeds on the water. How can you teach people without hurting their feelings? I feel sleepy and frightened several times. I missed my lovesickness the next night, the dust followed the horse, and the moon followed the boat.
[Note] ① Panju: drink chrysanthemum wine. ② Blowing Plum Blossoms: Play "Plum Blossoms Fall".
Question: What techniques does the author mainly use to express emotions? Please explain in detail based on the content of the entire word.
Brief analysis: This poem mainly uses metaphorical techniques. The first film uses the metaphor of "lonely wild goose by the clouds and duckweeds on the water" to express the pain of separation, while the second film uses the metaphor of "the dust follows the horse and the moon follows the boat" to express the deep longing.
⑵. Metaphorism: Borrowing related things to replace the things to be expressed. Metonymy can use part to represent the whole, concrete to replace abstract, and characteristics to replace people. The use of metonymy makes the language concise and implicit.
For example, in Li Qingzhao's "Like a Dream", "Do you know? Do you know? It should be green, fat, red and thin." In the poem, the two colors "green" and "red" are used to replace leaves and flowers respectively, writing about leaves The lushness and the withering of flowers. ① Borrow the symbols and characteristics of a person (or thing) to replace the name of the person (or thing). Example 1: Zhumen’s wine and meat stink, and there are frozen bones on the road. ——A brief analysis of Du Fu's "Five Hundred Words of Ode to the Emperor from Beijing to Fengxian": "Zhumen" refers to the noble families living in Lishan Palace, which contrasts with the miserable scene outside the palace gate. ② Borrowing representative parts of things to replace the whole thing Example analysis 1: The shadow of the solitary sail in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen in the sky. ——A brief analysis of "Send Off to Meng Haoran in Guangling" by Li Bai: "Sail" originally refers to the cloth tent hung on the mast of the ship to use the wind to move the ship forward. Here the poet uses "sail" to refer to the entire ship. Example 2: The raft and oar disappeared into ashes - Su Shi's "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" Brief analysis: "Qiang" is the mast on the ship, and the oar is a rowing tool that is larger than the oar and is installed at the stern or beside the boat. Guns and oars are used here to replace warships. ③ Replace generalized abstract things with objectively existing concrete things. Example 1: ① Lifting the wine and wanting to drink without orchestra. ——A brief analysis of Bai Juyi's "Pipa": "Guan" is a musical instrument similar to a flute, and "string" is the catgut or metal wire on the instrument. Here, the poet uses "tube" and "string" to refer to music. Example 2: Thinking about those days when the golden sword and the iron horse could swallow up thousands of miles like a tiger - A brief analysis of Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le·Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia": "Jin Ge" refers to a metal sword, and "iron horse" refers to a weapon equipped with iron armor war horse. Here "golden arm and iron horse" are used to refer to elite troops.
⑶ Exaggeration: Expand or reduce the description of the image, characteristics, function, degree, etc. of things. It has the function of expressing things more prominently and vividly.
The expressions in Li Bai's works are extremely prominent, such as: "The white hair is three thousand feet long, and the sorrow is like a long man", "The dangerous building is a hundred feet high", etc. Example 1: Read the following Tang poem and answer the questions. Climb the Yueyang Tower with Xia Twelve. Li Bai Tower looks at the end of Yueyang and the opening of Sichuan and Dongting. The geese lead away the sorrow, and the mountains carry the beautiful moon. Staying in the clouds, receiving cups in the sky. After getting drunk, the cool breeze blows and people dance on their sleeves. [Note] In the second year of Qianyuan, Li Bai was pardoned during his exile, returned to Jiangling, and traveled south to Yueyang to compose this poem. Question: Make a brief analysis of the artistic expression techniques used in the third couplet "The clouds are connected to the bed, and the sky is connected to the cup". Brief analysis: The third couplet uses exaggeration to describe the situation of the Yueyang Tower towering into the clouds. At the same time, these two lines of poetry imagine the magic, connecting couches among the clouds, and "walking cups" in the sky, creating a scene where the poet feels like he is in a fairyland. .
⑷. Duality: Use a pair of sentences or phrases with the same structure and the same number of words to express two relative or similar meanings. From the form point of view, the language is concise, neat and symmetrical; from the content point of view, the meaning is concentrated and implicit.
Example: Read the following poem and answer the questions Spring Journey Impromptu Li Hua The grass is luxuriant under the city of Yiyang, and the stream flows eastward and then westward. The flowers on the fragrant trees have fallen without anyone, and the birds are chirping all the way up the spring mountain. Question: What rhetorical method is used in the third and fourth sentences of this poem? Please be specific. Brief analysis: The rhetorical method of the third and fourth sentences of this poem is antithesis, "fragrant tree" versus "spring mountain", "flower" versus "bird", "self-falling" versus "empty cry".
⑸. Analogy: describing things as people is called personification, or describing people as things is called object mimicry. Comparison has the function of prompting readers to make associations and making the described people, objects, and events more vivid and vivid.
Example analysis: Read the following two poems and complete the appreciation according to the prompts.
Ode to the White Begonia (Xue Baochai), with her fragrant and fragrant beauty, she closes the door during the day and fills the moss pot with her own hands in an urn. The rouge washes out the shadow of the autumn steps, and the ice and snow reveal the soul. When it is extremely light, I know that the flowers are more beautiful. How can I find jade without a trace when I am sad? In order to repay the white emperor for his cleanliness, Tingting said nothing and the sun became dim again. Ode to the White Begonia (Lin Daiyu) The Xiang curtain is half rolled up and the door is half closed, and the ice is ground into earth and jade for the basin. I stole three cents of the pistil's white color, and borrowed a wisp of the plum blossom's soul. The immortal in the Moon Cave sews his silk gown, and the resentful girl in autumn wipes away the traces of her cry. Shy and silent, I complain to someone. I feel tired leaning against the west wind and am already fainting at night. (According to the 37th chapter of "Dream of Red Mansions", the second edition of Du's People's Literature Publishing House in December 1996) Poetry about objects pays attention to both form and spirit. The above two poems and couplets both focus on the "whiteness" of Bai Haitang, but the shapes and styles are different. In the couplet "Rouge washes away the shadows of autumn steps, and ice and snow reveal the soul." The first sentence washes away the rouge, which expresses the beauty of its natural color. The use of inverted sentence patterns is novel and unique: the words "wash" and "zhao'" use personification techniques to vividly convey the charm and demeanor of Bai Begonia; and the contrast of "autumn steps" and "exposed bricks" are even more symbolic Profound and long. The poet implicitly expresses Bai Haitang's simple, elegant, clean and self-motivated character. A brief analysis of the couplet "Stealing the pistils are three-point white, and borrowing the soul of the plum blossom": "Stealing the pistils three-points white, and borrowing them." In the couplet "Get a wisp of plum blossom soul", the first sentence uses the whiteness of pear blossoms to describe the "white" of Bai Begonia. Compared with the "wash out" sentence, it focuses more on expressing the bright and clean "white", and the second sentence uses the soul of plum blossoms. It gives Bai Haitang an aloof and arrogant spirit; "stole" and "borrowed" are clever uses of personification; while the word "stole" is used as a derogatory word in praise, and the imagination is novel and clever.
⑹. Questions and rhetorical questions: Questions are asked first, and then the questions are introduced to drive the whole article. Questions are asked in the middle to connect the previous and the following. Questions are asked at the end to deepen the theme and make people think about it. The form expresses a definite meaning. It is used to strengthen the tone and express strong feelings.
Example 1: "Ask who is the hero in the world?" There is wine near the river, and Cao Gong is crossing the river. "Brief analysis: Start with a question, point out the title, and lead to a layered description of the heroic deeds of the characters in the Three Kingdoms. Example 2: Wang Anshi's "Ti Wu Jiang Pavilion": "Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, they are willing to fight for the king. Come? "Brief analysis: The use of rhetorical questions and a cold tone emphasizes the inevitability of history.
2. Expression method: Expression method can also be called expression method, which is the author's need to express thoughts and feelings based on objective things The form of language expression used belongs to the overall language use form of the article.
There are five commonly used expression methods: narrative, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation (there is no "explanation" in poetry. A).
Narrative: describing the occurrence, development, and change of a character's experience or an event.
Description: describing the characters, events, and environment in vivid and vivid language. Description and characterization. For example, the description of Liu Lanzhi in "The Peacock Flying Southeast": "Skidding on silk shoes, head shining with tortoise shells. Her waist is as smooth as silk, and her ears are adorned with bright moon ornaments. The fingers are like peeling onion roots, and the mouth is like holding vermillion pills. " Among them, line drawing is a common expression technique in poetry appreciation.
Discussion: opinions expressed on the good and bad, right and wrong, value, characteristics, functions, etc. of people and things. For example: Qin Guan's " "Magpie Bridge Immortal": "If the love lasts for a long time, how can it last day and night? "Liu Yong's "Yulin Ling": "Sentiment has hurt parting since ancient times, how can it be left out in the Qingqiu Festival? ”
Lyric: expresses the author’s strong love, hate, likes and dislikes, joy, anger, sorrow and other subjective emotions. (Lyric, there are direct lyric and indirect lyric. In poetry appreciation, indirect lyric is generally expressed as borrowing scenes to express emotions, The blending of scenes, scenes of joy and sorrow, expressing ambitions through objects, etc. are generally called expression techniques) Example 1: Read the following Tang poem and answer the questions as required
Duanju ①
p>Li Shangyin returned to his dream from afar, only an empty bed was left for Suqiu ②
The moss and red trees under the steps were scattered in the rain and the moon was full of sorrow.
[Note] ①Duanju: Living leisurely. ②Suqiu: the name of autumn.
Question: What are the characteristics of the third and fourth sentences of this poem?
Brief analysis: In terms of artistic technique, the biggest feature of the third and fourth sentences of this poem is that it embodies emotions in the scenery and blends the scenes. The poet uses the "moss", "mangrove", "rain" scene and the "color" of the moon. The description gives the objective scenery a strong subjective color, creates a cold and desolate atmosphere, and expresses the emotions of sadness, loneliness and missing relatives.
Example 2: Read the following Tang poem, and then. Answer the question.
Farewell to Chanshui in late spring
Han Cong's green and dark red leaves Fengcheng, and the dusk cloud pavilion has ancient and modern feelings.
Pedestrians should not listen to the water in front of the palace. , this is the sound of time passing away.
Question: How does this poem integrate emotions with scenery?
Brief analysis: This poem combines friendship and love. The sentiments of the world are condensed into "the sentiments of the past and present", and are integrated into a sentimental picture composed of images such as "dark green", "thin red", "twilight clouds", and "water in front of the palace", forming the characteristic of blending emotions with the scenery.
Generally speaking, narratives mostly use narrative, descriptive and lyrical expressions, argumentative essays mostly use argumentative expressions, and expository essays mostly use explanatory expressions. Of course, the use of expressions is not absolute, such as in narratives. You can also use a small amount of argument or explanation. You can also use a small amount of narration, description or explanation in argumentative essays, and you can also use narration or description in explanatory essays.
As for more detailed classified genres such as essays, travel notes, and essays, the expression methods are more flexible. In short, the use of expressions must obey the needs of style and theme.
3． Expression techniques can also be called expression methods (or expression techniques). Any means or methods that can make the whole or part of the article produce a clear and strong impression and achieve the artistic effect of infecting readers can be regarded as expression techniques. The main focus is to make the whole or part of the article effective.
Common expression techniques include: endowment, comparison, excitement, foil, symbolism, allusion, line drawing, montage, expressing one's ambitions through objects, expressing emotions through scenery, psychological depiction, blending Zhuangzhuang with harmony, association and imagination. etc.
Example analysis: A brief analysis of Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" (Part 3): "I plant beans at the foot of the southern mountain. The grass is full of grass and the bean seedlings are sparse. I wake up in the morning to clean up the wasteland and filth, and return home with a moon load and hoe. ... A brief analysis of the expression technique of the sentence: This sentence uses purely line drawing techniques. With just a few strokes, we outline the picture of pastoral life and express the poet's love for pastoral life.
Line drawing was originally a technique of Chinese painting. This painting method does not use color dyeing, but only uses black lines to outline objects. In literary creation, line drawing refers to using the most economical and frugal pen and ink to outline a vivid and vivid image without exaggeration, foil, or fancy words. Its characteristics are: grasping the main characteristics of the object being described, with a few strokes, and the form and spirit are vivid.
4. Difference and connection between expression techniques and rhetorical techniques: Both expression techniques and rhetorical techniques can enhance the expression effect of an article, but expression techniques are used to enhance the expression effect of the whole or a certain part of the article, while rhetorical techniques are used to enhance the expression of sentences in the article. The effect mainly focuses on the modification of sentences; the expression technique expresses the article from a macro perspective, while the rhetorical technique expresses the article from a micro perspective. The boundaries between expressive techniques and rhetorical techniques are not absolute. For example, repetition is a rhetorical technique, but if it is used at intervals, the overall expression effect of the article will be very obvious, and it can also be regarded as an expression technique; metaphor is a rhetorical technique, and sometimes it can also be an expression technique; etc. . In short, in a specific language environment, when a certain rhetorical technique produces an overall effect in the article and enhances the expressive power of the article, or when a certain rhetorical technique is used repeatedly in the article, it produces an overall expressive power. , then this rhetorical technique can also be regarded as an expression technique. Expressions, rhetorical techniques and expression techniques are concepts that are often encountered in middle school Chinese teaching and cannot be avoided. We must carefully experience them in specific Chinese practice activities in order to truly distinguish them and use them skillfully.
Examples: 1. Try to analyze the expression techniques and functions of the following poem.
White Plum
(Wang Mian)
Wearing this body in the ice and snow forest, it is different from peaches and plums mixed with fragrant dust.
Suddenly, the fragrance spreads all night long, spreading like spring throughout the universe.
Answer: The expression techniques and functions used in this poem are as follows: ⑴ set off, using the ice and snow forest to set off the perseverance and cold resistance of plum blossoms; ⑵ contrast, contrasting with the peach blossoms mixed with fragrance and dust, showing the noble and noble will of plum blossoms; ⑶ It expresses the author's ideal pursuit through the image of plum blossoms.
2. Read the poem below and answer the questions:
The Green Jade Case·Yuan Xiu
(Xin Qiji)
The east wind blows away thousands of flowers and trees at night, and even blows down the stars. Like rain. BMW carvings fill the road with fragrance, the phoenix flute sounds, the jade pot turns light, and fish and dragons dance all night. The moths are like golden strands of snow and willows, and the laughter is full of hidden fragrance. The crowd searched for her thousands of times, but suddenly looking back, she was there, in a dimly lit place.
Notes ① Qingyu Case: the name of the word brand. ② Flowers and thousands of trees: Describes the number of lights, like thousands of trees and flowers in bloom. ③BMW carvings: refers to the gorgeous carriages and horses of the aristocratic and wealthy families who watch the lanterns. ④Fengxiao: "The Legend of the Immortals" records that the daughter of Duke Mu of Qin played jade and was good at playing the flute to make the sound of phoenixes, which attracted phoenixes. Therefore, the flute is called Fengxiao. ⑤Jade pot: a metaphor for the moon. ⑥Moth Snow Willow: A decoration worn by women during the Lantern Festival. ⑦Desolation: scattered.
What expression technique is mainly used in the whole word? What feelings does the author express?
Answer: It mainly uses the expression technique of contrast (or setting off, setting off), using the bustling and bustling Yuan Night to contrast the loneliness of "that man", expressing that the author does not follow the vulgar, is willing to be lonely, and remains a man of lofty ideals. The noble character of conduct. This poem focuses on the use of contrast. The first film depicts the brilliant lights, busy traffic, and bustling scenes of the Lantern Festival; the beginning of the second film also depicts the scene of women watching the lanterns in gorgeous costumes, laughing and cheerfully. None of this is the main object of this article, but just a foil. Finally, the "that person" in the "dim light place" is highlighted, a sad, lonely and lonely person, who is the protagonist of the work. The lively scene in the front is a foil to the desolation in the dimly lit place; the group of cheerful and laughing people watching the lanterns is a foil to the loneliness of "that person". But what is the author’s intention in describing such a lonely person? Liang Qichao commented in "Selected Poems of Yihenguan": "Self-pity and loneliness, sad people have their own embrace." Based on the author's life experience, it can be seen that this poem was probably written during the period when he was dismissed from his job and stayed away from the bustle of "that person" In the image, there is actually the shadow of the author himself, or it is simply the incarnation of the author's personality. He compares himself with "that person" and expresses the poet's worry and loneliness. As far as rhetoric is concerned, this word mainly uses the following types: Metaphor: "flowers and thousands of trees" - comparing the fireworks on New Year's Eve to thousands of blossoming trees; "the falling stars are like rain" - The fireworks are like stars blown down like rain; the "jade pot" means the moon.
Metamorphosis: "Moth Snow Willow" - the decorations worn by women during the Lantern Festival represent young and beautiful women. 3. He Zhu's "The Sapphire Case" "How many leisure and sorrows are there? A river of tobacco, the city is filled with wind and catkins, and the plums are yellow and rainy", and Li Bai's "Qiupu Song" "The white hair is three thousand feet, and the sorrow is like a long one. I don't know where in the mirror. "Get Autumn Frost", what rhetorical techniques are used? Tip: He Zhu's "The Sapphire Case" "How many leisure and sorrows are there? A Sichuan tobacco, the city is full of wind, the plums are yellow and the rain" uses the rhetoric of questioning, metaphor and parallelism. Li Bai's "Qiupu Song" "The white hair is three thousand feet long, and the fate is as long as a long one. I don't know where to find the autumn frost in the mirror", using exaggeration and metaphor
There are five ways of expression: narrative, Describe, discuss, express and illustrate. There are three basic ways of expression: narrative, discussion and explanation. Writing techniques: Using small things to describe people's desires, suppressing metaphors, suppressing, and raising things first. Associations and imaginations. Chapters reveal ambitions. Layers of layers of in-depth symbolism. Support objects to express ambitions. Situation blends. Rhetorical techniques: Metaphor, personification, exaggeration, metaphor, metonymy, antithesis, intertext, thimble, parallelism, loop. Rhetorical questions, puns, comparisons, quotations, synaesthesia, the best answers
The main ways of expression are: narrative, discussion, explanation, description, and lyricism.
Expression techniques refer to various specific methods used to express the results of image thinking by certain means, also known as artistic techniques. Such as various narratives, descriptions, ironies, exaggerations, symbols, metaphors, contrasts, metonymy, personification, parallelism, parallelism, layering, etc. in literary creation. It should be said that the expression method includes the expression method.
Rhetorical technique is a way of using language that uses effective language means to improve the effect of language expression and make language expression accurate, distinctive and vivid according to the needs of expression. Commonly used rhetorical techniques include: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, parallelism, repetition, questioning, and rhetorical questions. In addition, the text also involves contrast, metonymy, quotation, pun, irony, thimble and appeal, etc. When learning rhetoric, don't just stick to nouns and terms. You should combine it with the specific context, experience the expression effect of rhetoric, and learn to use rhetorical techniques to form sentences.
Writing techniques belong to artistic expression techniques (i.e., artistic techniques and expression techniques, including expression techniques (techniques)). Common ones include: exaggeration, contrast, metaphor, personification, association, imagination, combination of inflection and inflection, The combination of points and surfaces, the combination of movement and stillness, the combination of narrative and discussion, the blending of scenes, the contrast, the before and after, the supporting objects to express aspirations, the use of scenes to express emotions, etc.
1. Expression skills: In poetry appreciation, expression skills often refer to expression techniques and artistic techniques. Expression skills include: rhetorical techniques: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, foil, metonymy, contrast 1. Expression methods: description, discussion, lyricism. Lyricism includes direct lyricism and indirect lyricism. Direct lyricism and indirect lyricism. Direct lyricism means expressing one's heart directly, while indirect lyricism includes borrowing scenery to express feelings, embodying feelings in scenery, blending scenes and nostalgic for the past. 2. Writing techniques (expression techniques): symbolism, association, imagination, line drawing, foil, contrast, expressing one's ambitions through objects, expressing feelings through scenes, and embodying feelings in scenes. 2. In the appreciation of modern reading, expression skills include: 1. Expression Method: narrative, explanation, discussion, lyricism, description. 2. Techniques of expression: imagination, association, analogy, symbol, foil, contrast, rendering, etc. 3. Material arrangement: primary and secondary, detailed, simplified and traditional. 4. Structure: connecting the previous and the following, suspense, echo, foreshadowing, etc. 5. Rhetorical techniques: metaphor, repetition, parallelism, rhetorical questions, personification, exaggeration, etc. Expression techniques, in a broad sense, are the special sentence organization methods used by authors in wording and expressing thoughts and feelings. To analyze a work, you can specifically grasp its special expression methods from point to point. The first is the rhetorical skills in words and sentences. There are many types, including metaphor, symbol, exaggeration, parallelism, antithesis, foil, personification, etc. Allusions, etc.; when grasping the expression techniques of the work as a whole, it is necessary to pay attention to works of different stylistic styles: Expression techniques of different stylistic styles. Lyrical prose has rich and colorful expression techniques, using scenes to express emotions, supporting objects to express aspirations, combining circumflex and uplift, and symbolizing. and other techniques; narrative writing techniques such as beginning and end anaphora, finishing touches, skillful use of rhetoric, appropriate detail and summary, combination of narrative and argument, and contrast between positive and negative, etc.; argumentative writing techniques such as citation of scriptures, clever use of metaphors, reverse differentiation, positive and negative comparisons, etc. Analogical reasoning, etc.; novel description techniques, foil techniques, foreshadowing and allusion, suspense and relief, actual writing and fictitious writing, etc. Specific techniques of expression: support objects, express ambitions, describe scenes, express emotions, express emotions directly, express one's feelings, follow narration, flashbacks, interludes, contrast, highlight the chapter, express ambitions, symbolize imagination, associate emotions, embody feelings in the scene, contrast, highlight objects, rise, beautiful scenery, express sadness, render virtual and real, combine side description, frontal description, direct lyricism, indirect lyricism If you want to promote, suppress first, the best answer
The expression skills of literary works have three levels of content:
⑴. Rhetorical methods: metaphor, personification, questioning, rhetorical question, metonymy, antithesis, Exaggeration, foil, allusion, transformation, intertextuality, repetition, etc.;
⑵ Expression methods and techniques: narrative, discussion, description, lyricism.
Methods of expression: The image and lyricism of poetry must be expressed with the help of various artistic techniques. We need to understand some common artistic techniques. Poetry mainly uses four modes of expression: narrative, description, discussion, and lyricism, among which description and lyricism are the focus of examination. Lyrical expression can be divided into direct lyrical expression (expressing one's feelings directly); indirect lyrical expression (expressing one's feelings through scenery, conveying one's aspirations through objects, and blending scenes). Description: Combination of movement and stillness, combination of virtual and real, combination of dots and surfaces, combination of light and dark, combination of front and side, combination of sound and color, thick brush outline, line drawing and fine brushwork, etc.
Expression techniques: Fu, comparison, excitement; changes in circumference, elaboration and description, symbolic association, etc.
⑶. Chapter structure: first sentence title, straight to the point, concise writing to the title, final chapter showing the ambition, connecting the feelings with the scene, appropriate overall score, seeing the big from the small, in-depth layer by layer, transitional reference, foreshadowing and foreshadowing. wait.
Some expression skills in middle school Chinese
2009-04-24 20:13
Some expression skills in middle school Chinese
Expression skills Mainly include:
① Expression methods (narration, description, explanation, lyricism, discussion, etc.);
② Expression techniques (telling objects, expressing ambitions, describing scenes, lyrical narratives, expressing feelings directly, narrations, flashbacks, etc.) Interpretation, contrast, foil, chapter, ambition, symbol, allusion, imagination, association, reflection, emotion, scene, contrast, background, object, rising, virtuality, reality, combination of side description, frontal description, direct lyric, indirect lyric, etc.);
③Selection and cutting of materials;
④The structure of the writing;
⑤The creation of artistic conception, the shaping of characters, the use of rhetorical methods (metaphor, comparison, exaggeration, parallelism, parallelism, repetition, etc.), etc.
2. In appreciating modern reading, expression skills include:
1. Expression methods: narrative, explanation, discussion, lyricism, and description.
2. Expression techniques: imagination, association, analogy, symbol, foil, contrast, rendering, etc.
3. Material arrangement: primary and secondary, detailed, simplified and traditional.
4. Structure: connecting the previous and the following, suspense, reference, foreshadowing, etc.
Any questions? I answer them all.
5. Rhetorical techniques: metaphor, repetition, parallelism, rhetorical questions, personification, exaggeration, etc.