There are two kinds of pre-Qin prose: historical prose and various schools of thought prose. The former includes Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin, Warring States Policy and other historical works. The latter are the articles of Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism and Legalism, among which The Analects of Confucius, Mozi and Mencius are the words and deeds of Kong Qiu, Mo Zhai and Mencius, while Zhuangzi, Xunzi and Everything is done wrong are my own works.
Han Fu is a rhyming prose that appeared in the Han Dynasty. It is characterized by the combination of rhythm and rhyme, and is good at narration. From the form of fu, it lies in "biography"; As far as the content of Fu is concerned, the emphasis is on "writing things and writing ambitions". The content of Han Fu can be divided into five categories: one is to render Miyagi; The second is to describe the emperor hunting; The third is to describe the travel experience; The fourth is to express unsatisfied feelings; The fifth is about animals and plants. In the past, they were representatives of Han Fu. Fu is the most popular style in Han Dynasty. The main representatives of Fu Jia are Jia Yi's Diao Qu Yuan Fu, Mei Cheng's Qi Mao Fu, De Zi Xu Fu, Shang Lin Fu, Da Ren Fu, Changmen Fu, Ban Gu Fu, Tong You Fu, Zhang Heng's Er Jing Fu, Si Xuan Fu, Gui Tian Fu and so on.
There are basically six basic forms of Tang poetry: five-character archaic poetry, seven-character archaic poetry, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhythmic poems and seven-character rhythmic poems. It greatly developed the style of singing style; Developed into a long and huge narrative romance; He also wrote a modern poem with a particularly beautiful and neat style. The emergence and maturity of new poetry is an important event in the development history of Tang poetry. It pushed the artistic features of China's ancient poems with harmonious syllables and refined words to an unprecedented height, and found a typical form for ancient lyric poetry, which has been especially loved by people so far. A large number of poets have their own achievements, such as immortal-Li Bai, sage-Du Fu, poet-He,-Wang Wei, poet-Jia Dao, poet-Bai Juyi, and so on. Poetry that has been passed down to this day still makes Chinese people catchy.
Song Ci is a new poetry genre popular among Han people in Song Dynasty, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of music and harmony, it is also called tune, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry, piano music and so on. It began in the Han Dynasty, took shape in the Tang and Five Dynasties and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Song ci, in the ancient Chinese literature of Yuanlang, has always been as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. The representatives are Liu Yong, Yan Shu, Yan, Zhou Bangyan, Li Qingzhao, Qin Guan, Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying, Li Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Chen Liang, Lu You, Zhang Xiaoxiang, Zhang, Liu Guo and Song Jiang. There are countless representative works, so I won't repeat them here. If you are interested, you can look through the book Song Ci of the same name.
Yuanqu originated from the so-called "Fanqu" and "Le Hu" and was first circulated among the people, and was called "Street Tune" or "Village Square Minor". With the destruction of Song Dynasty in Yuan Dynasty, it spread in the vast areas of north and south, centering on Dadu (now Beijing) and Lin 'an (now Hangzhou). Yuanqu is another literary prosperity after Tang poetry and Song poetry, and it has its unique charm: on the one hand, Yuanqu inherits the beauty and gracefulness of poetry; On the one hand, in the Yuan Dynasty, the soldiers and soldiers were placed in the position of "eight prostitutes, nine men and ten beggars", and the political monopoly and social darkness made Song Yuan radiate extremely dazzling fighting brilliance and reveal rebellious feelings; Pointed out sharply the social ills. The works describing love in Yuan Qu are also more inflammatory and bold than the poems of past dynasties. All these are enough to keep the artistic charm of Yuanqu forever. The four masters of Yuan Opera: Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu. Representative work of Yuanqu Opera: Dou E Yuan, Sha Qiu Si, Tianjin.
Novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties fully demonstrated their social functions and literary values, broke the monopoly of orthodox poetry, and achieved a position in the history of literature alongside Tang poetry, Song ci and Yuan qu. The novels created by literati in Ming Dynasty mainly include vernacular short stories and novels. According to the theme and ideological content, novels in the Ming Dynasty can be roughly divided into five categories, namely, historical novels, ghosts and gods novels, love stories, heroes and legends novels and case-solving novels. Representative works include Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, The Journey to the West and Jin Ping Mei. The vernacular short stories in Ming Dynasty reflect social life more directly and widely than novels, and the representative works are Sanyan and Liangpai compiled by Feng Menglong. The period from the early Qing Dynasty to the Qianlong period was the heyday of the development of novels in the Qing Dynasty. Novels in Qing Dynasty were basically created by literati, and most of the works were based on real life, which fully reflected the author's personal wishes. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio and A Dream of Red Mansions in the Qianlong period pushed the creation of classical Chinese novels and vernacular novels to the peak respectively.