1. Classical Chinese translation of "Chiang's Mother Teaching the Book" (selected from Jiang Shiquan's "Illustrated Notes of the Mingji Night Class")
Translation
When Jiang Shiquan was four years old , his mother taught him a few sentences from the "Four Books" every day. Because Jiang Shiquan was too young and couldn't hold a pen, she cut the bamboo branches into filaments, broke them, bent them into strokes, strokes, and strokes to form a character. She held Jiang Shiquan on her knees and taught him how to read. Once you recognize a word, tear it down. He taught Jiang Shiquan ten characters every day. The next day, he asked Jiang Shiquan to take bamboo silk and spell the characters he knew the day before. He did not stop until there were no mistakes. When Jiang Shiquan was six years old, his mother asked Jiang Shiquan to pick up a pen and learn to write.
Notes
The Four Books: "The Analects", "Mencius", "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean". Bo Teng (zhé): the strokes of a character. Wave, leave; Zeng, hold back. Bi: All, all. Chen: Place it. Left and right: both sides. Ren: Let it go. Xia Chu: Equipment for corporal punishment in ancient schools. Xia (jiá), refers to "Mu Jia", that is, Mu Jia Mu. Chu, Vitex. 2. Translation of "Illustrated Notes of Mingji's Night Class"
The translation of "Illustrated Notes of Mingji's Night Class" is as follows: My mother's surname is Zhong and her name is Lingjia. She comes from a prominent family in Nanchang Prefecture and ranks ninth.
When she was a child, she and her brothers studied with my maternal grandfather, Mr. Zisheng, and married my father at the age of eighteen. At that time, my father was in his forties. He had a cheerful temperament, loved to make friends, and loved to give away his belongings to others. He gave away so much money to others that all the boxes and cabinets at home were empty.
The house was often full of guests, so my mother took gold and jade jewelry and exchanged the money for a banquet, where the food and wine were sumptuous and unobtrusive. After being married for two years and giving birth to me, my family's financial situation deteriorated further. She experienced a life of poverty that no one else could bear, but my mother was calm and showed no signs of sadness.
Relatives and people of the same clan all praised her for her wisdom. Because of this, my father was able to go back to the north to become an official, and sent my mother and me to live with my grandfather.
When I was four years old, my mother taught me a few lines from the "Four Books" every day. Because I was too young to pick up a pen, my mother cut bamboo branches into filaments, broke them, and bent them into the writing strokes of Chinese characters. They were put together to form a character. She held me and sat on her knees to teach me how to read.
If you already know it, just remove this word. I was taught ten characters every day, and the next day, I was asked to use bamboo silk to spell the characters I knew. I stopped until there were no mistakes.
When I was six years old, my mother started letting me learn to write with a pen. My grandfather's family has never been rich. After several years of famine, the harvest was not good and life was extremely difficult.
At that time, the clothes, shoes and hats for me and the young servants were all made by my mother. My mother was good at textiles and embroidery. She asked her young servants to take her embroidered pieces and finished products to the market to sell them, and people always rushed to buy them.
Therefore, the young servants and I are always neatly dressed, without tatters or tatters. My grandfather is tall, has a white beard, and likes to drink.
When I was happy after drinking wine, I read his poems loudly and asked my mother to point out the shortcomings of the poems. Every time my mother pointed out a word that was inappropriate, my grandfather poured a glass of wine and drank it. After pointing out a few words, he happily stroked his beard and laughed, raised his glass and said loudly: "I never thought that my old man could be so good. Daughter!" Then he stroked the top of my head and said, "Good boy! What will you do to repay your mother?" I was too young to answer, so I threw myself into my mother's arms with tears streaming down my face.
I recall that when my mother taught me, all the embroidery and textile tools were placed beside her. She had books on her lap and asked me to sit under her knees and read. While my mother was weaving in her hands, she taught me how to segment sentences.
The sounds of me reading and the sounds of rolling and weaving were mixed with each other. When I relaxed, she hit me a little with a ruler. After beating me, she hugged me and cried, saying, "Son, if you don't want to study at this time, how can I go see your father?" By midnight , the weather was very cold, my mother sat on the bed, covered her feet with a quilt, unbuttoned her clothes, warmed my back with her chest, and read aloud with me; I was tired from reading, so I fell asleep in my mother's arms.
Soon, my mother shook me and said, "It's time to wake up!" I opened my eyes and saw tears streaming down my mother's face, and I started crying too. Not long after, I was asked to study again; I didn’t go to bed until the rooster crowed for the first time. Several of my aunts once said to my mother: "Sister, you only have one son, why do you do this!" She replied: "You have many sons. It's easy to deal with. I only have one son. If he doesn't make progress in the future, who will I rely on?" In the year of Gengxu, my grandmother was seriously ill.
My mother served my grandmother. She must taste all the decoctions, tea, and food that the patients took before giving them to her. He served for forty days and nights without showing signs of fatigue.
Before her death, my grandmother said with tears: "My daughter was originally weak, but now in order to serve me, you have to work harder than any brother. It really wears you down. One day my son-in-law will come back and tell me : 'I have no other regrets about my death, I just wish I couldn't see my grandson get married and start a business.'
I hope you can induce him well!" After that, he died. The mother was so sad that she refused to eat or drink for seven days.
Relatives and neighbors, everyone praised her as a filial daughter at that time, and they still say so now.
When I was nine years old, my mother taught me to learn "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", and "Mao Shi", and I was able to recite them all.
When she had time, she copied poems from Tang and Song poets and taught me how to recite ancient poems. My mother and I were both weak and sickly.
Whenever I was sick, my mother would hold me and walk around the room without sleeping. When I got better, she would point to the poems posted on the wall and teach me to recite the poem in a low voice. game. When my mother was sick, I always sat by her pillow and never left.
My mother looked at me, often without saying a word, and looked very sad. I was also very sadly attached to her. I once asked her: "Mom, aren't you happy?" She said: "Yes."
"Then how can I make my mother happy?" She said: "Can you read it?" Recite the book to me, and I will be happy." So I recited the book, and the sound of the book mixed with the sound of boiling potion.
My mother smiled and said, "Look, my illness is getting better!" From then on, when my mother was sick, I would take a book and read it beside her bed, so that her illness would be better. When I was ten years old, my father came home. A year later, my father took my mother and me out together and visited many places in Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hunan, and Hubei.
When her father did something wrong, her mother would conscientiously use tactful words to persuade him; when her father was angry and refused to listen to her, she would hold her breath and stop talking. When her father calmed down, she would persuade him again and again. , did not stop until her father listened to her words. Whenever my father hears a serious case involving human life, my mother always pulls me to stand in front of his desk and says, "Don't forget, you still have such a son!" My father nods frequently.
When my father was supervising me to study in his apartment abroad, he had a bad temper. If I didn't take it seriously at all, he would get angry and leave me aside. After ignoring me for a few days, my mother would beat me in tears. Me, he asked me to kneel on the ground and read the book well before letting me go. I never felt tired. Therefore, I never neglected my studies because of my playfulness, and my mother's education on me became more strict because of this.
Ten years later, we returned to our hometown and settled in Poyang County. I was nearly twenty years old at that time. The next year, he married his wife Zhang.
My mother treated her daughter-in-law as her own daughter and taught her spinning, weaving, embroidery and sewing, just like she taught me how to read when I was a child. I have been born for twenty-two years and have never left my mother.
Once, because I had to take the boy examination, I returned to Qianshan, my hometown, and said goodbye to my mother. She didn’t look reluctant to leave me at all. Later I passed the exam to become a scholar.
Second year. 3. Illustrated Notes of Mingji Night Classes and Reading Notes of Mingji Night Classes with Prefaces to Ma Sheng of Dongyang (Excerpts) Jiang Shiquan ① Nine
9. Preface or preface; note. (***2 points, 1 point for each blank) 10. ①Copy ②Once (***2 points, 1 point for each question) 11. Just answer around "Study hard and not be afraid of difficulties". (***2 points) Problem-solving guidance : This question needs to be analyzed based on the sentence provided. "It is extremely cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be bent or stretched," talks about the hardships encountered in learning, and "Fu Zhi Lao" tells us his attitude - not slacking off. . Just grasp these two points and answer. 12. Just answer around "Hoping for your child to succeed and having earnest expectations". (***2 points) Problem-solving guidance: The key here is to connect with the context: the mother was sick and in pain What he said...starting from this point, putting himself in his shoes, thinking from other people's perspective, the mother's mood is the answer to this question - a well-intentioned desire for her son to become a talented person. 13. Focusing on "The first paragraph of the selected article Song Lian recalls the hardships of his youth Studying experience" and "The second paragraph of the selected article Jiang Shiquan recalls the experience of being carefully nurtured by his mother when he was young" can be answered. (***3 points, 2 points for content, 1 point for language expression) Question-solving guidance: Summarize the premise of the paragraph's meaning It is to read comprehensively and carefully. The core is to carefully screen the main information and finally summarize it accurately. Both paragraphs are narrative paragraphs. Grasping the narrative elements is a shortcut to answering the questions. 14. Focusing on "respecting teachers and studying hard" and "honoring parents, "Live up to your parents' ardent expectations" can be answered. (***4 points, inspiration 2 points, discussion based on experience and experience 1 point, language expression 1 point) Question-solving guidance: This is an open question, focus on the details, grasp the mainstream Just answer the questions emotionally. When answering the questions, you should take into account both teachers and parents. 11. Song Lian has the excellent quality of not slacking off despite the hardships he encountered in his studies. 12. Expressing the mother's ardent emotion and longing for her son to become successful. The good intentions of becoming a talent. 13. "The first paragraph of the selection Song Lian recalls his experience of studying hard when he was young" and "The second paragraph of the selection Jiang Shiquan recalls his experience of being carefully nurtured by his mother when he was young" 14. Treat teachers in learning and life You must have a respectful attitude, such as being humble when asking the teacher questions, being polite and filial at home, treating your parents with filial piety, and helping your parents with housework within your ability. 4. Read the following classical Chinese text ("Yan Mu teaches reading") and complete the questions
1. ① Cover your feet/cover your feet ② How can you support someone 2. ① Put, place, display; ② Be lazy , relax; ③ to; ④ once.
3. ① (Mother) let me sit on her knees and read. ②I opened my eyes and looked at my mother’s face.
4. The first time I shed tears was because my son didn’t study seriously, and the mother felt anxious that she couldn’t explain it to the child’s father. The second time she shed tears was because her son was studying hard and the mother felt distressed.
5. Example: ① Agree. In the article, the mother worked tirelessly to accompany her son to study, which fully reflects the mother's deep love and ardent expectations for her son.
②Identity. Although the mother in the article has strict requirements for her son, her starting point is good, her intentions are good, and her love for her son is deep.
③ Disagree. The mother's requirements for her son were too strict, and she would beat him if his son slacked even a little bit. She even shook her son awake late at night to study, which was a kind of physical and mental destruction to her son.
④ Disagree. The mother is too strict about her son's studies.
It is not conducive to the son's learning, nor is it conducive to the son's free physical and mental growth. ⑤The mother's good intentions in educating her son are touching, which shows her desire for her son to become a talented person. However, the methods used in education are almost cruel and harmful to the healthy growth of the child's body and mind.
Analysis: This question is an open-ended question, as long as it makes sense.