# Teaching Plan # Introduction: The author narrates that objectively, due to the influence of Western scientific thinking, he instinctively refuses to celebrate the lunar New Year's Day, that is, the Spring Festival, but subjectively, he is influenced by the atmosphere of traditional Chinese festivals. Influenced by the influence of Western culture, scientific thought eventually surrendered to traditional consciousness, allowing us to see that even if it is influenced by foreign culture, it cannot ultimately break away from national traditional customs. The author said at the beginning that he did not plan to celebrate this festival, but at the end he had a happy New Year's Eve dinner. From this, it can be seen that everything that belongs to the nation is our fundamental thing. This also corresponds to what Wang Zengqi put forward. In inheriting the ideas of Chinese and Western culture, we should adopt the perspective of incorporating foreign elements into the tradition and synthesize ideas. The whole text reads in a leisurely style, elegant and humorous language. None The following content has been prepared for your reference!
Original text
The Chinese Lunar New Year is a festival of the year for the Chinese. Other festivals seem to have less festival meanings. Within five days, the whole country got dressed, closed business, hung out, gambled, played gongs, set off firecrackers, visited guests, and went to the theater. It was an auspicious day. Everyone looked forward to a better and more prosperous New Year. Everyone was happy to be one year older and prepared many auspicious words to congratulate his neighbors.
You can't scold the maid on New Year's Day. The strangest thing is that the hard-working Chinese women are also free, chewing melon seeds, not doing laundry, not cooking, and even refusing to hold a kitchen knife. The lazy debate is that cutting meat on New Year's Day will cut off luck, washing anything will wash away luck, and pouring out the water will throw away luck. Red Spring Festival couplets are plastered on every door, saying: good luck, happiness, peace, wealth and youth. Because this is a festival when the earth rejuvenates and life, development, and wealth return.
In front of the street houses, there are sounds of firecrackers everywhere and the smell of sulfur. Fathers have lost their dignity, grandfathers are more kind than before, and children play flutes, wear masks, and play with clay dolls. Country girls wear red and green and run three or four miles to the neighboring village to watch the Caotai Opera. The dandy boys in Murakami show off their amorous feelings as much as they want. That day was the liberation day for women and the liberation day for the hard labor of washing and cooking. If someone was hungry, they would fry rice cakes to eat, or use ready-made ingredients to make a bowl of noodles, or go to the kitchen and steal two pieces of cold chicken.
The Chinese government has officially abolished the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year remains the same and has never been abolished.
I am an extremely modern person. No one can call me old-fashioned. I don't know how to follow the old calendar, and I also like to advocate a thirteen-month calendar, with only four weeks or twenty-eight days in each month. In other words, my point of view is very scientific and logical. It was this bit of scientific pride that made me so disappointed during the New Year. Everyone was pretending to celebrate, with no real emotion at all.
I don’t want the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year has come on its own. That day is February 4th in the Gregorian calendar.
Scientific reason teaches me not to abide by the old calendar, and I agree to do so. The sound of the arrival of the Lunar New Year has already been heard in early January. One day I had Laba porridge for breakfast, which made me immediately remember that it was the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. A week later, my servant came to borrow extra monthly salary, which he was entitled to on New Year's Eve. When he went out after work in the afternoon, he showed me a package of new clothing materials he gave to his wife. On February 1st and 2nd, I have to give tips to the postman, truck driver, bookstore messenger, etc. I often feel like something is coming.
Up to February 3rd, I still said to myself: "I can't celebrate the Lunar New Year." That morning, my wife asked me to change my shirt, "Why?"
"Mother Zhou Wash your shirt today. I won’t wash it tomorrow, or the day after tomorrow, or the day after tomorrow.” Of course I can’t refuse.
This is the beginning of my surrender. After breakfast, my family is going to the bank because despite the government order to abolish the Lunar New Year, banks still have a slight withdrawal panic at the end of the year. "Yutang," my wife said, "we're going to call a car. You can also stop by and get your hair cut." I don't mind getting a haircut, but the car is a big temptation. I never liked being in and out of banks, but I loved riding in the car. I want to take a trip to the Chenghuang Temple to see what I can buy for the children. I figured there were always lanterns available for purchase at this time and I wanted to show my youngest what a revolving lantern looked like.
Actually, I shouldn’t have gone to the City God’s Temple. Go at this time, you know, of course what will happen. On the way back, I brought a lot of things, including revolving lanterns, rabbit lanterns, several packages of Chinese toys, and some plum blossoms. When I returned home, a fellow villager sent me a pot of daffodils from my hometown. I remember that during the New Year when I was a child, the narcissus were in full bloom and emitting a delicate fragrance. Scenes from my childhood appeared in front of me involuntarily. When I smell the fragrance of narcissus, I think of Spring Festival couplets, New Year's Eve dinner, firecrackers, red candles, Fujian oranges, early morning New Year greetings, and my black satin robe that I can only wear once a year.
During lunch, the fragrance of narcissus reminded me of the "radish rice cake" (rice cake made from radish) from my hometown.
"No one sent 'radish rice crackers' this year." I said with emotion.
"Because no one comes to Xiamen, otherwise they would definitely bring it." My wife said.
"Isn't there a Guangdong store on Wuchang Road? I remember buying it before, and I think I can still find that store."
"Not necessarily, right?" the wife said provocatively .
"Of course I can." I replied to her.
At three o'clock in the afternoon, I returned by bus from North Sichuan Road with a basket of two and a half pounds of rice cakes.
I ate fried rice cakes at five o'clock, and the room was filled with the fragrance of narcissus. I felt strongly like a sinner. "I'm not going to celebrate the New Year," I made up my mind, "I'm going to go out and watch a movie tonight."
"How could you?" my wife said. "We've invited Mr. X to our house for dinner tonight." That's terrible.
At half past five, the youngest daughter wore a newly made red dress.
"Who gave her new clothes?" I asked, feeling a little shaken, but still able to persist.
"Mother Huang wore it." That was the answer.
At six o'clock, I found a pair of big red candles lit on the candlestick. The candlelight was shining, as if mocking my scientific reason. At that time, my scientific rationality was very vague, weak, and empty.
"Who lit the candle?" I challenged again.
“Mama Zhou ordered it.”
“Who bought it?” I asked.
“Didn’t you buy it yourself this morning?”
“Is this really happening?” That is not my scientific consciousness, it must be another consciousness.
I guess it’s a bit ridiculous, but when I remember what I did in the morning, it doesn’t feel like anything. Suddenly the sound of firecrackers was everywhere, and bursts of ping-pong sounds seemed to be attacking the depths of my consciousness.
I had no choice but to resist, so I took out a dollar and gave it to my servant:
"Ah Qin, take one dollar to buy a few sky and earth cannons and a few strings of firecrackers. The bigger the better, the better." The louder it is, the better.”
Amidst the sound of ping-pong, I sat down to eat New Year’s Eve dinner, and I unconsciously felt very happy.
About the author
Lin Yutang (1895.10.3-1976.3.26) was born in Longxi, Fujian. The original name was Hele, but later it was changed to Yutang and then to Yutang.
In 1912, he entered St. John's University in Shanghai and taught at Tsinghua University after graduation. In the autumn of 1919, he went to the United States to study literature at Harvard University. Received a Master of Arts degree in 1922. In the same year, he moved to Germany and entered the University of Leipzig, specializing in linguistics. After receiving his doctorate in 1923, he returned to China and served as professor at Peking University, dean of Beijing Women's Normal University and director of the English Department. After 1924, he became one of the main contributors to Yusi. In 1926, he served as dean of literature at Xiamen University. In 1927, he was appointed Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1932, he edited the bimonthly "The Analects of Confucius". He founded "Human World" in 1934 and "Universe Wind" in 1935, advocating "self-centered and leisurely" essays. After 1935, he wrote cultural works and novels in English in the United States such as "My Country and My People", "Smoke in the Capital", "The Wind and Cranes".
In 1944, he returned to China to give lectures in Chongqing. In 1945, he went to Singapore to prepare for the establishment of Nanyang University and served as president. In 1952, he co-founded "Tianfeng" magazine in the United States. Settled in Taiwan in 1966. In 1967, he was appointed as a research professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In 1975, he was elected as the vice president of PEN International. Died in Hong Kong in 1976.
Bibliography of works: "Jian Fu Ji" (collection of essays) 1928, "New Literary Criticism" (collection of comments) 1930, Beijing New Textile Publishing House "Linguistics Series" 1932, Kaiming "European Style American Language" ( Collection of essays) 1933, "Da Huang Ji" (collection of essays) in the world, 1934, "My Words" about life (Volume 1, collection of essays, also known as "Collection of Xingsu"), 1934, "My Words" about times (Volume 2, Collection of essays (also known as "Collection of Clumsy Jing"), 1936, Times "Selected Humorous Essays of Lin Yutang" 1936. Wanxiang "Discovery of Life" 1938, Tokyo Soyuan Society "New China" 1939, Lin's Publishing House "Collection of Slang" (Collection of Essays) 1940, "First Class" by Shanghai Shuofeng Bookstore, 1941, "Yutang Wencun" by Shanghai Earth Publishing House, 1941, "Chinese Saints" by Lin Publishing House, 1941, "Chinese Cultural Spirit" by Shanghai Shuofeng Bookstore, 1941, Shanghai Guofeng Bookstore "Collection of Satires" translated by Jiang Qi, 1941, Guohua Compilation and Compilation Press "Love and Thorns" 1941, Tomorrow Publishing House "Jinxiu Collection" 1941, Shanghai Shuofeng Bookstore "The Art of Life" 1941, Shanghai Xifeng Society "You Bu Zhai" "Collected Essays" (Collection of Essays) 1941, Humanities Bookstore "Yaren Yashi" (Collection of Essays) 1941, Shanghai's First-Class Bookstore "Yutang Essays" 1941, Shanghai Renjian Publishing House "Collection of Flowers" (Collection of Essays) 1941, Hong Kong Guanghua Publishing House "The Moment of Beijing" (a novel, also known as "The Smoke and Clouds of Beijing") translated by Zhang Zhenyu, 1940, "Portraits of Literati" by several publishing houses in Shanghai, 1947, "Unlucky" by Shanghai Jinwu Bookstore, 1947 (5th edition), "Collected Prose of Lin Yutang" for business, 1954, Hong Kong World Digest Publishing House "Talk About Everything" (Episodes 1-2, collection of essays), 1969, Wenxing Bookstore; Collection 1-3, 1974, Kaiming's "Pingxin On Gao'e" (collection of essays), 1966, Wenxing Bookstore "Collected Works of Yutang" 1978, Kaiming's "Classics of Lin Yutang" (Volume 1-35), 1986, Taiwan Jinlan Culture Publishing House, "Silhouettes of Literati" (a collection of essays) and other collections, 1986, Chongqing People's Publishing House "Chinese" (essays) Collection) 1988, Zhejiang People's "Lai Boying" (novel) 1988, Hunan Literature and Art "The Feast of Life" (prose collection) 1988, Hunan Literature and Art
Teaching Plans
1. Core Competencies< /p>
1. Language construction and application
Understand the affectionate characteristics contained in simple and unpretentious language.
2. Development and improvement of thinking
Learn how to combine multiple expression methods.
3. Aesthetic appreciation and creation
Learn to analyze the emotions of characters in the text.
4. Cultural inheritance and understanding
Understand traditional Chinese festivals and cultivate the spirit of respecting, inheriting and carrying forward excellent cultural traditions.
2. Teaching design
Teaching objectives:
Knowledge objectives: read the text silently and perceive the overall content of the article.
Ability goal: Appreciate the psychological description in the article and understand the author's conflicting emotions.
Emotional goals: Feel the traditional Chinese customs and cultivate students’ respect and love for traditional culture.
Key points and difficulties in teaching:
1. Understand the author’s complex emotions about the Lunar New Year.
2. Guide students to feel the strong festive atmosphere of the New Year and appreciate the charm of traditional culture.
Teaching methods:
1. Situational teaching method. Display the New Year scenes through pictures, videos, etc., and guide students to talk about the New Year's events, exaggerate the festive atmosphere, and introduce students' thinking into the New Year's scenes.
2. Discuss the prompting method. Regarding the conflicting emotions revealed by the author in the article, the teacher can guide students to explore based on the era in which the author lived and the author's own situation.
3. Reading and appreciation method. Students can experience the emotions in the text and feel the festive atmosphere through multiple silent readings and free readings.
Teaching process
1. Introduction of new lessons
(Show relevant pictures or videos of the Spring Festival)
Teacher: See these This picture must be familiar to you. When did this scene take place?
(Students generally know the scene of the Spring Festival)
Teacher: Can you tell me how your family celebrates the Spring Festival? How do you feel during the Spring Festival?
(Two or three students talk)
Teacher: Indeed, when it comes to the festival, everyone is very excited and excited. In China, we have a long history of celebrating festivals. How did people celebrate the holidays in the past, and did they feel the same as we do? Today, let us follow Mr. Lin Yutang to experience the atmosphere of his "Celebration of New Year's Day" in the 1930s! (Type the title "Celebrating New Year's Day in the Old Calendar")
2. Overall Perception
Please read the text silently and think about: 1. What exactly is the "New Year's Day in the Old Calendar" in the article?
2. What are the customs of "New Year's Day in the Old Calendar"?
In this link, through students reading, the teacher uses two questions to guide students to grasp the overall content of the article. After reading, students can basically answer: "New Year's Day in the Old Calendar" is the current Spring Festival.
The article writes: "Wear good clothes, stop business, hang out, gamble, play gongs, set off firecrackers, visit guests, and watch the theater" "Red Spring Festival couplets are plastered on every door" "In front of the street houses, there are sounds of firecrackers everywhere, filled with "The smell of sulfur", "Spring Festival couplets, New Year's Eve dinner, firecrackers, red candles, Fujian oranges, early morning New Year greetings", etc. These scenes are basically the same as our current Spring Festival scenes.
3. Improvement of literacy
1. Read the text again and think about how many parts the full text can be divided into?
(Mainly guide students to grasp the levels of the article and clarify the ideas of the article. The specific levels are not very important, but students’ answers can tell whether they have grasped the context of the article. It can be divided into two parts, or three parts Also possible)
Part One (paragraphs 1-3): Generally writes about the customs of the Lunar New Year.
The second part (paragraphs 4-5: The attitude of the government and myself towards the Lunar New Year.
The third part (paragraph 6-end): A detailed description of the Lunar New Year in the 24th year
(Or: The first part: (paragraphs 1-5): Generally write about the customs of the Lunar New Year.
The second part: (paragraph 6-end): Describe in detail the experience of celebrating the Lunar New Year in the 24th year of the lunar calendar)
2. Read the key paragraphs (6 paragraphs - the end) to understand the author's emotions
(1) Be specific after the 6th paragraph. Describe the process of celebrating the Lunar New Year in the 24th year. In what order are you describing it?
Early January, one week later, February 1st, 2nd, to 2nd! On the third day of the month, after breakfast, lunch, three o'clock, five o'clock, five thirty, and six o'clock in the afternoon (2) In the fifth paragraph, the author said, "I was very disappointed when celebrating the New Year." Is it really "disappointed"? What is the author's emotional attitude towards the New Year?
I don't want the New Year - this is the beginning of my surrender - ---Childhood scenes can't help but appear in front of me----I feel intensely like a sinner-----My heart seems a little shaken, but I can still persist-----My scientific reason It's very blurry, weak, and empty------That's not my scientific consciousness, it must be another consciousness--attacking the depths of my consciousness---I feel it unconsciously Very happy
(4) How to understand the author’s conflicting emotions during the New Year?
This should be a difficult point for students to understand in two steps:
p>
A. Combined with Lin Yutang’s article "Ji New Year's Day", students can read the article "Ji New Year's Day" and see the author's emotions when he wrote the article.
Students can understand what the author was thinking. I want to play but also want to work, so I feel irritable and conflicted.
But is this really the case? Try to compare the two articles and see that they have a lot of the same content, but there are also differences. It can be seen that this article has been modified by the author. Yes. Compare this article with "New Year's Day" and see what are the differences between the text and "New Year's Day"?
——After reading, it is not difficult to find that "science" is mentioned many times in the text. Phrases like "rational" and "conservative", such as "The Chinese government has officially abolished the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year remains the same and has never been abolished." "No one can say that I don't know how to abide by the old calendar." , and I also like to advocate a thirteen-month calendar, with only four weeks or twenty-eight days in each month. In other words, my views are very scientific and logical. It is this scientific pride that makes me famous. I was very disappointed during the New Year. Everyone was pretending to celebrate, and there was no real emotion at all. "Scientific reason told me not to follow the old calendar, and I agreed to follow it." "It seemed that my scientific reason was no longer true." It's very vague, weak, and empty. ""That's not my scientific consciousness, it must be another consciousness."
From this, we can imagine that the author must have a profound intention in writing this article, and what is he trying to express? What? Then take a look at the era Lin Yutang lived in! Maybe it will help us understand.
B． Understand the main purpose of the article based on the background of the times.
Teacher asked: In which year was the text written? (Remind students to find the time to write in the article "New Year's Day"!)
It was written in the 24th year of the Republic of China (the 24th year of the Republic of China), that is, 1935. What was the author's era like at that time?
The teacher introduced the background of the era: In the 1930s, Japanese imperialist aggression continued to intensify, and the Kuomintang government’s cultural despotism policy became increasingly strengthened. Catalyzed by foreign aggression and internal troubles of national subjugation and genocide, the national harmony of the advanced elements of China’s intelligentsia Democratic consciousness was awakened (Lin Yutang was one of them). After the May 4th Movement, another "New Enlightenment Movement" occurred in the 1930s and 1940s. The New Enlightenment advocates freedom, rationality, and scientific logical thinking. The May 4th New Culture Movement called for replacing China’s old culture with Western culture, but the New Enlightenment Movement strived to treat Chinese and Western cultures dialectically. They believed that the emergence of a new culture is the synthesis of multiple different cultures. produced. The New Enlightenment Movement is a national scientific democratic cultural movement. During the movement, China and the West were comprehensively examined and treated differently. Through the dialectical inheritance of China's traditional cultural heritage and the combination of foreign cultures with Chinese characteristics, it promoted the New Enlightenment. culture took root in China.
The culture it wants to create should not just destroy traditional Chinese culture and accept foreign Western culture. Of course, it should not encourage Chinese culture and reject Western culture; it should be a dialectical or organic synthesis of various existing cultures. . (Part of the excerpt is from "A Brief Discussion of the New Enlightenment in the 1930s")
In fact, the text can see the imprint of the times: "The Chinese government has officially abolished the Lunar New Year" "My views are very scientific , very logical." "Scientific reason teaches me not to abide by the old calendar."
After understanding the background of the times, what do students think this article is trying to express?
(Student discussion speech)
The teacher summarized: The meaning of the Spring Festival compels people to jump for joy. Scientific reason cannot subdue the deep rippling of the soul, so we should be rational What about animals, or should we be affectionate people? The author has been conflicted throughout the article, but in the end his reason could not withstand the strong atmosphere of the festival, and he was infected by the joy of the people around him and unconsciously immersed in joy. It can be seen that our folk culture and traditional culture have long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Entering the new era and accepting new ideas does not mean denying all old culture and ideas. Respecting people's thoughts and emotions, and respecting traditional culture are what the authors in the New Enlightenment Movement in the 1930s wanted to advocate!
(5) Expansion and extension
What is the charm of traditional culture? Why has it been loved by people for thousands of years and is it worthy of our inheritance? Can you find some reasons why people love the Spring Festival by reading this article?
Ask students to read the text again and explore the charm of the traditional culture of the Spring Festival through the author's description of people celebrating New Year's Day in the old calendar!
After the exchange between students, several points can be summarized: A. Lively and festive; B. Send people good wishes and wishes; C. It is the day when life returns; D. There is freedom, democracy, and equality
p>Yes, China’s traditional culture is a rich heritage passed down by our ancestors and the crystallization of history. But it is not just a display in a museum, but a living life. The traditional culture contains The way of thinking, values, and codes of conduct passed down from generation to generation are, on the one hand, strongly historical and hereditary, and on the other hand, they have vivid reality and variability. They influence and restrict today's Chinese people all the time. Therefore, traditional culture is not far away from us, and its existence can be felt all the time in the strong pulse of real life. Now, we have realized this, so the concept of respecting our traditional culture and inheriting our folk culture is getting stronger and stronger. For example, every year, countries have holidays for traditional festivals such as Qingming Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Spring Festival, and our " The successful application of "Twenty-Four Solar Terms" as a World Heritage Site shows the respect our country and people attach to traditional culture.
3. Understand the characteristics of the comprehensive use of multiple expression methods in this article.
Teacher: Please read the text again and see what expressions the author uses in the text? What characteristics does the author use?
Method of expression: narrative, description (environmental description, psychological description with vivid images), lyricism and other expressions are used. (Explain the sentences in the article!)
Features: Narration: both general narrative and detailed description;
Description: vivid description of environment and psychology;
Lyrical: The author's emotional expression is mostly combined with narrative description. Analyze specific sentences! For example:
A. After eating fried rice cakes at five o'clock, the room was filled with the fragrance of narcissus. I felt strongly like a sinner. "I'm not going to celebrate the New Year," I said with determination, "I'm going to go out and watch a movie tonight."
B. "Who gave her new clothes?" I asked, feeling a little shaken. But I can still hold on.
C. At six o'clock, I found a pair of big red candles lit on the candlestick. The candlelight was shining, as if mocking my scientific reason. At that time, my scientific rationality was very vague, weak, and empty.
D. Suddenly the sound of firecrackers and ping-pong sounds were heard, as if attacking the depths of my consciousness.
E. Amidst the sound of ping-pong, I sat down to eat New Year’s Eve dinner, and I felt very happy unconsciously.
IV. Summary: Through the author's description of the customs of celebrating New Year's Day and his own contradictory and complicated emotions during the process of celebrating New Year's Day, we can feel the strong festive atmosphere of the New Year, see the charm of Chinese traditional customs and traditional culture, and understand what should be done Respect and pass on our excellent cultural traditions.