The largest school of poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty was Jianghu Poetry School. Jianghu Poetry School is a loose and complicated group of poets composed of many wanderers. Its name comes from Jianghu Collection by Chen Qi, a bookseller in Hangzhou. Chen Qiji, a bookseller, voter and poet, has made friends with a group of literary critics, most of whom are tourists who have stepped into rivers and lakes. Chen Qi enthusiastically promoted the development of poetry creation and inscription of some Jianghu poets, and played a direct organizational role in the formation of Jianghu Poetry School. The family of Edo Poetry School is huge and its members are complex. But it is mainly composed of tourists walking in the rivers and lakes. Some poets also have the experience of being officials. According to the statistics of relevant scholars, there are more than 100 poets who can join the Jianghu Poetry School, among whom Liu Kezhuang, Liu Guo, Ye Shaoweng, Jiang Kui and Ge are famous.
Liu Kezhuang
In the past, it was generally believed that the poetry creation of Jianghu Poetry School was divorced from social reality. In fact, this view may not conform to the reality of literary history. Most of the works of Jianghu poets are centered on the country and the people. Some of them expressed their desire to serve the country, some expressed their anger in memory of the national hero Yue Fei, some described the sufferings of farmers, and some expressed the sadness of walking in the rivers and lakes and the hardships of the journey. In a word, the works of Jianghu poets are broad and not divorced from reality.
For example, Chen's Tomb of E: "The tomb of E is in Qixialing, and the loyal soul lives forever." . The naked heart in the mirror is the sun and the moon, but the heroic spirit under the sword stopped him. Gray moss and rain darken the dragon and snake walls, and the old trees smoke and condense the tiger and leopard flags. Because of the east wind tears, I can't bear to look back on the Central Plains. "The poet eulogized Yue Fei's eternal loyalty and heroism under the sword and expressed his grief and indignation for the motherland. This poem is desolate and powerful, and it is very representative with a mature pen. In the stories of Jianghu poets, there are also many people chanting the bitterness of traveling and the sadness of visiting. For example, "seventy snow-white old people went to the rivers and lakes to sell books." "A well-dressed Jianghu guest leans on the bar to praise his poem. "and so on. It profoundly shows the emotional experience of Jianghu poets.
Chen wangchao
In art, Jianghu poets pursue a kind of exquisite beauty. They are used to choosing natural images, such as bridges and streams, summer forests and Qiu Chan. Their artistic expression techniques are delicate and meticulous, such as "two temples divide streams" and "fish are made of wicker and gulls are made of broken leaves." "Worms cover grass and snails cover moss." Wait a minute. These poems are quite representative in the creation of Jianghu poets. The language is exquisite and the contrast is ingenious, just like bonsai and other works of art, of course, the artistic styles of Jianghu poets are also varied. Take Liu Kezhuang, a representative of Jianghu School, as an example, his retro poetic style is unique.
Liu Kezhuang
Head of Jianghu Sect in Liu Kezhuang. He has a strong sense of social responsibility for poetry creation. In his poem Feeling, he recited: "When you are anxious, you are a poet. Don't blame me for my deep feelings. " Many of Liu Kezhuang's poems, especially Yuefu poems, reflected some major social problems at that time. Such as military music, journey. Deeply exposed the political and military corruption in the late Southern Song Dynasty. Their writing style is also relatively open. Although there is no passion for traveling on land, chanting poems are full of sadness. For example, there is a famous saying: "China is only in the north, and I dare not go upstairs whenever I have the chance." His style is neither as narrow as "Four Gods" nor as weird as "Jiangxi", but shows the unity of nature and labor. However, the biggest shortcoming of his creation is that he likes to anger himself with his talent. He covets many things and is often superficial.
Liu Kezhuang
After China was written by Liu Kezhuang in his later years, and it was an important poem in the late Southern Song Dynasty. * * * Volume 14, including the previous volume, the next volume, sequels and new books. He evaluated a large number of famous works and poets' personalities in the Han, Wei, Tang and Song Dynasties, and expressed Liu Kezhuang's poetic thoughts. Teacher Guo Shaoyu's evaluation of Houcun's poetry talk in Song Poetry Talk is: "I have collected many people's works and seen rich sources of information. When judging whether you are satisfied or not, you will see the essence of your academic ability. " This shows the value of his poems. Dai Fugu is also a representative of Jianghu Poetry School. He has accomplished nothing in his life. He traveled all over Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei and other places. He used cloth all his life and Shi Ping's poems. Although Shi Bing and Si Ling existed at the same time, they wrote poems for different purposes. Siling advocated learning from the late Tang Dynasty, while Jia and Shi Ping praised Du Fu and suppressed the late Tang Dynasty, which was considered immoral. He advocates that poetry should be beneficial to life and opposes idleness. As for the style of poetry, he advocates boldness and opposes being too refined and not refined.
Guo Shaoyu
In poetry creation, Dai inherited Lu You's patriotic spirit and Du Fu's gloomy writing style, and created many works that worried about the country and the people. For example, the text is right:
"I didn't have the heart to pour a cup when I heard the news yesterday. Seeing that the sword is strong, the lonely anger cracks the cold blanket. Wind and rain make people sad at night, and plants worry about the country. Because heroes come out since ancient times, and Han Xin is in Huaiyin.
Another example is "Huaihe River water often pays the bill", which reads: "Tourists often drink Huaihe River water when they travel to Haoliang. How salty is the water in the southeast? It's not that beautiful. The spring breeze is blowing green waves, and the central air is gloomy. Don't cry to the north shore, where there are heroes' tears. "
They are tragic and profound. They are deeply worried and depressed. They won the attention of Du Fu's poems. "After the Soldiers in Huai Village" is about the disaster of war, and "Geng Zijian is Hungry" is about the plight of the victims, both of which are very profound. This kind of works occupies a large proportion in the poetry collection and is the essence of Shi Bing's poetry. Dai Fugu was also deeply influenced by Yang Wanli and Fan Chengda. His poems about natural scenery are also very good. He is good at capturing what he sees in an instant and reappearing it with vivid brushstrokes, which gives people a strong infection. Such as "Zhang Chu Xia" and "Jiangcun Night Scene". Dai Fugu wrote ten poems, which had great influence in the history of poetics. It is an important branch of poetic theory, focusing on theoretical interpretation and contributing to the criticism of poetic theory.